АЛЕЛЬНИЙ ПОЛІМОРФІЗМ ЛОКУСУ 405G/C ГЕНА VEGF (ФАКТОР РОСТУ ЕНДОТЕЛІЮ СУДИН) У ЖІНОКЗ ПАТОЛОГІЄЮ СИСТЕМИ КРОВООБІГУ.

The objective was to study the distribution of alleles and genotypes of polymorphic locus 405G/C gene VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) to develop an informative marker characterizing processes incorporating "angiogenesis" for various diseases, namely, for pregnant women with pathological circulation. Molecular genetic studies of the polymorphic locus 405G/C gene of vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF was performed using the restriction analysis of PCR products corresponding sequences. Examined 20 pregnant women with pathology of the circulatory system and 20 in the control group of pregnant women with uncomplicated somatic history. In women, a significant amount of experimental group -15 (75%) had hypertension Grade II, 2 (10%) of women - thrombophlebitis, 1 woman (5%) - carotid artery aneurysm, the combination of hypertension II Art. and varicose veins, varicose veins and bronchial asthma. In women with the pathology of circulatory system revealed a significant increase in the genotype GG (P > 0.05) polymorphic locus 405G/C VEGF gene compared with healthy pregnant women and tends to reduce the genotype CC (5%) and GC (40%) of the VEGF gene in comparison with healthy pregnant women (15% and 60% respectively). Found that the presence of the genotype G/G polymorphic locus 405G/C VEGF gene increases the risk of disease of the circulatory system in 3.67 times. Целью работы было изучение распределения аллелей и генотипов полиморфного локуса 405G/C гена VEGF (фактор роста эндотелия сосудов) для разработки информативного маркера, характеризующего процессы включения «ангиогенеза» при различных заболеваниях, а именно у беременныхженщин с патологией системы кровообращения. Молекулярно-генетическое исследование полиморфного локуса 405G/C гена фактора роста эндотелия сосудов VEGF проводили с помощью метода рестрикционного анализа продуктов ПЦР соответствующих последовательностей. Обследовано 20 беременных женщин с патологией системы кровообращения и 20 беременныхженщин контрольной группы с неосложненным соматическим анамнезом. Уженщин опытной группы значительное количество -15 (75%) была гипертоническая болезнь II степени, 2 (10 %) женщин - тромбофлебит, по 1 женщине (5%) - аневризма сонной артерии, сочетание гипертонической болезни II ст. и варикозной болезни вен, варикозной болезни вен и бронхиальной астмы. Уженщин с патологией системы кровообращения выявлено достоверное увеличение генотипа GG (Р>0.05) полиморфного локуса 405G/C гена VEGF по сравнению со здоровыми беременными женщинами и тенденцию к снижению генотипа СС (5%) и GC (40%) гена VEGF по сравнению с здоровыми беременными женщинами (15% и 60 % соответственно). Установлено, что наличие генотипа G/G полиморфного локуса 405G/C гена VEGF повышает риск развития патологии системы кровообращения в 3.67 раза.Метою роботи було вивчення розподілу алелей та генотипів поліморфного локусу 405G/C гена VEGF (фактор росту ендотелію судин) для розробки інформативного маркера, що характеризує процеси включення «ангіогенезу» при різних захворюваннях, а саме у вагітних жінок з патологією системи кровообігу. Молекулярно-генетичне дослідження поліморфного локусу 405G/C гена фактору росту ендотелію судин VEGF проводили за допомогою методу рестрикційного аналізу продуктів ПЛР відповідних послідовностей. Обстежено 20 вагітних жінок з патологією системи кровообігу та 20 вагітних жінок контрольної групи з неускладненим соматичним анамнезом. У жінок дослідної групи значна кількість - 15 (75%) мала гіпертонічну хворобу ІІ ступеня, 2 (10%) жінок-тромбофлебіт, по 1 жінці (5%) - аневризму сонноїартерії, поєднання гіпертонічної хвороби ІІ ст. та варикозноїхвороби вен, варикозноїхвороби вен та бронхіальної астми. Ужінокз патологією системи кровообігу виявлено достовірне збільшення генотипу GG (Р >0.05) поліморфного локусу 405G/C гена VEGF у порівнянні з здоровими вагітними жінками та тенденцію до зниження генотипу СС (5%) та GC (40%) гена VEGF у порівнянні з здоровими вагітними жінками (15%, та 60% відповідно). Встановлено, що наявність генотипу G/G поліморфного локусу 405G/C гена VEGF підвищує ризик розвитку патологіїсистеми кровообігуу 3.67 рази

The Intrinsic Glue Distribution at Very Small x

We compute the distribution functions for gluons at very small x and not too large values of transverse momenta. We extend the McLerran-Venugopalan model by using renormalization group methods to integrate out effects due to those gluons which generate an effective classical charge density for Weizs\"acker-Williams fields. We argue that this model can be extended from the description of nuclei at small x to the description of hadrons at yet smaller values of x. This generates a Lipatov like enhancement for the intrinsic gluon distribution function and a non-trivial transverse momentum dependence as well. We estimate the transverse momentum dependence for the distribution functions, and show how the issue of unitarity is resolved in lepton-nucleus interactions.Comment: 31 pages, Latex2e, 5 postecript figure included, using epsf, latexsym, amssymb and fancyheading

The BFKL Pomeron in 2+1 Dimensional QCD

We investigate the high-energy scattering in the spontaneously broken Yang - Mills gauge theory in 2+1 space--time dimensions and present the exact solution of the leading $\ln s$ BFKL equation. The solution is constructed in terms of special functions using the earlier results of two of us (L.N.L. and L.S.). The analytic properties of the $t$-channel partial wave as functions of the angular momentum and momentum transfer have been studied. We find in the angular momentum plane: (i) a Regge pole whose trajectory has an intercept larger than 1 and (ii) a fixed cut with the rightmost singularity located at $j=1$. The massive Yang - Mills theory can be considered as a theoretical model for the (non-perturbative) Pomeron. We study the main structure and property of the solution including the Pomeron trajectory at momentum transfer different from zero. The relation to the results of M. Li and C-I. Tan for the massless case is discussed.Comment: 28 pages LATEX, 3 EPS figures include

Thermalized Displaced and Squeezed Number States in Coordinate Representation

Within the framework of thermofield dynamics, the wavefunctions of the thermalized displaced number and squeezed number states are given in the coordinate representation. Furthermore, the time evolution of these wavefunctions is considered by introducing a thermal coordinate representation, and we also calculate the corresponding probability densities, average values and variances of position coordinate, which are consistent with results in the literature.Comment: 12 pages, no figures, Revtex. v3: substantially revise

Non-linear BFKL dynamics: color screening vs. gluon fusion

A feasible mechanism of unitarization of amplitudes of deep inelastic scattering at small values of Bjorken $x$ is the gluon fusion. However, its efficiency depends crucially on the vacuum color screening effect which accompanies the multiplication and the diffusion of BFKL gluons from small to large distances. From the fits to lattice data on field strength correlators the propagation length of perturbative gluons is $R_c\simeq 0.2-0.3$ fermi. The probability to find a perturbative gluon with short propagation length at large distances is suppressed exponentially. It changes the pattern of (dif)fusion dramatically. The magnitude of the fusion effect appears to be controlled by the new dimensionless parameter $\sim R_c^2/8B$, with the diffraction cone slope $B$ standing for the characteristic size of the interaction region. It should slowly $\propto 1/\ln Q^2$ decrease at large $Q^2$. Smallness of the ratio $R_c^2/8B$ makes the non-linear effects rather weak even at lowest Bjorken $x$ available at HERA. We report the results of our studies of the non-linear BFKL equation which has been generalized to incorporate the running coupling and the screening radius $R_c$ as the infrared regulator.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figures, version accepted for publication, references adde

Molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis in metabolic syndrome: role of reduced IRS2-dependent signaling

OBJECTIVE: The mechanisms underlying accelerated atherosclerosis in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients remain poorly defined. In the mouse, complete disruption of insulin receptor substrate-2 (Irs2) causes insulin resistance, MetS-like manifestations, and accelerates atherosclerosis. Here, we performed human, mouse, and cell culture studies to gain insight into the contribution of defective Irs2 signaling to MetS-associated alterations. METHODS AND RESULTS: In circulating leukocytes from insulin-resistant MetS patients, Irs2 and Akt2 mRNA levels inversely correlate with plasma insulin levels and HOMA index and are reduced compared to insulin-sensitive MetS patients. Notably, a moderate reduction in Irs2 expression in fat-fed apolipoprotein E-null mice lacking one allele of Irs2 (apoE(-/-)Irs2(+/-)) accelerates atherosclerosis compared to apoE-null controls, without affecting plaque composition. Partial Irs2 inactivation also increases CD36 and SRA scavenger receptor expression and modified LDL uptake in macrophages, diminishes Akt2 and Ras expression in aorta, and enhances expression of the proatherogenic cytokine MCP1 in aorta and primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and macrophages. Inhibition of AKT or ERK1/2, a downstream target of RAS, upregulates Mcp1 in VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced levels of MCP1 resulting from reduced IRS2 expression and accompanying defects in AKT2 and Ras/ERK1/2 signaling pathways may contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis in MetS states

Excited States of Proton-bound DNA/RNA Base Homo-dimers: Pyrimidines

We are presenting the electronic photo fragment spectra of the protonated pyrimidine DNA bases homo-dimers. Only the thymine dimer exhibits a well structured vibrational progression, while protonated monomer shows broad vibrational bands. This shows that proton bonding can block some non radiative processes present in the monomer.Comment: We acknowledge the use of the computing facility cluster GMPCS of the LUMAT federation (FR LUMAT 2764

Negativity of the Wigner function as an indicator of nonclassicality

A measure of nonclassicality of quantum states based on the volume of the negative part of the Wigner function is proposed. We analyze this quantity for Fock states, squeezed displaced Fock states and cat-like states defined as coherent superposition of two Gaussian wave packets.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Stochastic Theory of Relativistic Particles Moving in a Quantum Field: II. Scalar Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac-Langevin Equation, Radiation Reaction and Vacuum Fluctuations

We apply the open systems concept and the influence functional formalism introduced in Paper I to establish a stochastic theory of relativistic moving spinless particles in a quantum scalar field. The stochastic regime resting between the quantum and semi-classical captures the statistical mechanical attributes of the full theory. Applying the particle-centric world-line quantization formulation to the quantum field theory of scalar QED we derive a time-dependent (scalar) Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac (ALD) equation and show that it is the correct semiclassical limit for nonlinear particle-field systems without the need of making the dipole or non-relativistic approximations. Progressing to the stochastic regime, we derive multiparticle ALD-Langevin equations for nonlinearly coupled particle-field systems. With these equations we show how to address time-dependent dissipation/noise/renormalization in the semiclassical and stochastic limits of QED. We clarify the the relation of radiation reaction, quantum dissipation and vacuum fluctuations and the role that initial conditions may play in producing non-Lorentz invariant noise. We emphasize the fundamental role of decoherence in reaching the semiclassical limit, which also suggests the correct way to think about the issues of runaway solutions and preacceleration from the presence of third derivative terms in the ALD equation. We show that the semiclassical self-consistent solutions obtained in this way are ``paradox'' and pathology free both technically and conceptually. This self-consistent treatment serves as a new platform for investigations into problems related to relativistic moving charges.Comment: RevTex; 20 pages, 3 figures, Replaced version has corrected typos, slightly modified derivation, improved discussion including new section with comparisons to related work, and expanded reference

Limited effect of patient and disease characteristics on compliance with hospital antimicrobial guidelines

Objective: Physicians frequently deviate from guidelines that promote prudent use of antimicrobials. We explored to what extent patient and disease characteristics were associated with compliance with guideline recommendations for three common infections. Methods: In a 1-year prospective observational study, 1,125 antimicrobial prescriptions were analysed for compliance with university hospital guidelines. Results: Compliance varied significantly between and within the groups of infections studied. Compliance was much higher for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs; 79%) than for sepsis (53%) and urinary tract infections (UTIs; 40%). Only predisposing illnesses and active malignancies were associated with more compliant prescribing, whereas alcohol/ intravenous drug abuse and serum creatinine levels > 130 mu mol/l were associated with less compliant prescribing. Availability of culture results had no impact on compliance with guidelines for sepsis but was associated with more compliance in UTIs and less in LRTIs. Narrowing initial broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy to cultured pathogens was seldom practised. Most noncompliant prescribing concerned a too broad spectrum of activity when compared with guideline-recommended therapy. Conclusion: Patient characteristics had only a limited impact on compliant prescribing for a variety of reasons. Physicians seemed to practise defensive prescribing behaviour, favouring treatment success in current patients over loss of effectiveness due to resistance in future patients