Diseño de un Servicio Web para el Instituto Nicaragüense de Turismo (INTUR) sede Matagalpa, en el período 2010

El Instituto Nicaragüense de Turismo (INTUR) – sede Matagalpa, es una institución que se dedica a promover el sector turismo respecto a: empresas y destinos turísticos. Se propuso a esta institución el diseño de un sitio Web incorporando Servicio Web que le permita divulgar información acerca de las empresas inscritas, destinos turísticos; y así dar la opción al usuario de solicitar un servicio específico ya que actualmente INTUR – sede Matagalpa no cuenta con un sitio Web, por tal razón se ven en la obligación de enviar la información a su sede central (INTUR – Managua) para que la publiquen en la guía turística y página Web en caso de que la empresa opte por una categoría. Se desarrolló un servicio Web con el objetivo de proporcionar al usuario las opciones de realizar consultas sobre un servicio en particular, además los dueños de negocios podrán actualizar su información así como también el personal administrativo de INTUR – sede Matagalpa. Las variables estudiadas fueron: información de servicios INTUR – sede Matagalpa, sitio Web y servicio Web. La importancia del trabajo radica en el diseño de un Sitio Web aplicando Servicio Web para INTUR – sede Matagalpa, desarrollado en la plataforma ASP.Net 2.0 de Microsoft Visual Studio 2005. La investigación es de tipo aplicada y de corte transversal, utilizando técnicas de recopilación de información como entrevistas. El trabajo concluye con el diseño de un sitio Web incorporando Servicio Web propuesto para INTUR - sede Matagalp

Chiral Cyclobutane β-Amino Acid-Based Amphiphiles: Influence of Cis/Trans Stereochemistry on Solution Self-Aggregation and Recognition

Novel diastereomeric anionic amphiphiles based on the rigid cyclobutane β-amino acid scaffold have been synthesized and deeply investigated with the aim of generating new functional supramolecular architectures on the basis of the rational design of original amphiphilic molecules and the control of their self-assembly. The main interest has been focused on the effect that cis/trans stereochemistry exerts on their molecular organization and recognition. In diluted solutions, the relative stereochemistry mainly influences the headgroup solvation and anionic-charge stabilization, i.e., better stabilized in the cis diastereoisomer due to intramolecular hydrogen-bonding and/or charge-dipole interactions. This provokes differences in their physicochemical behavior (pKa, cmc, conductivity) as well as in the structural parameters of the spherical micelles formed. Although both diastereoisomers form fibers that evolve with time from the spherical micelles, they display markedly different morphology and kinetics of formation. In the lyotropic liquid crystal domain, the greatest differences are observed at the highest concentrations and can be ascribed to different hydrogen-bonding and molecular packing imposed by the stereochemical constraints. Remarkably, the spherical micelles of the two anionic surfactants show dramatically diverse enantioselection ability for bilirubin enantiomers. In addition, both the surfactants form heteroaggregates with bilirubin at submicellar concentrations but with a different expression of supramolecular chirality. This points out that the unlike relative configuration of the two surfactants influences their chiral recognition ability as well as the fashion in which chirality is expressed at the supramolecular level by controlling the molecular organization in both micellar aggregates and surfactant/bilirubin heteroaggregates. All these differential features can be appropriate and useful for the design and development of new soft materials with predictable and tunable properties and reveal the cyclobutane motif as a valuable scaffold for the preparation of new amphiphiles.We thank Jaume Caelles, in the SAXS-WAXS service at IQAC, for X-Ray measurements, and Imma Carrera for technical assistance in the surface tension measurements. Financial support from MINECO (grants CTQ2010-15408/BQU, CTQ2013-41514-P, and CTQ2013-43754-P) is gratefully acknowledged. Authors also thank the support from Generalitat de Catalunya (2014SGR358 and 2014SGR836).Peer reviewe

Estudi de les unitats fraseológiques de la tercera esfera des d'una perspectiva diacrònica

Fins ara, les unitats fraseològiques havien estat tradicionalment estudiades en sincronia o, a tot estirar, tenint en consideració un punt concret en el passat. Amb aquest estudi, pretenem fer una anàlisi diacrònica —de l’evolució— d’algunes UFs que considerem especialment representatives, com ho són les de la tercera esfera, que, segons Corpas, són els enunciats fraseològics. Iniciarem l’article amb una breu descripció del concepte d’unitat fraseològica i, posteriorment, ens centrarem en les unitats que conformen la tercera esfera. Tractarem amb més profunditat la definició, l’origen i el tipus d’unitats que s’apleguen sota aquest terme. A continuació, analitzarem amb més aprofundiment un parell d’exemples representatius, com són una oronella no fa estiu i fer orelles sordes. Aquests exemples ens permetran observar les característiques generals del processos de fraseologització i canvi fraseològic

Fen and bog plant communities in the Aran valley, in the central Pyrenees

La Vall d’Aran està situada al vessant nord dels Pirineus, on el clima de tipus medioeuropeu i de muntanya amb una marcada influència atlàntica propicia una gran diversitat de molleres. En aquest treball presentem els resultats de l’estudi fitosociològic d’aquestes molleres, especialment d’aquelles que formen part de sistemes complexos (que n’inclouen d’ombrògenes, topògenes, solígenes i limnògenes). Hem seguit la metodologia de Braun-Blanquet per a l’aixecament dels inventaris i hem mesurat també alguns factors ambientals (pH i conductivitat de l’aigua lliure del sòl, profunditat de l’aigua freàtica i gruix de la capa de torba) a part de les variables topogràfiques bàsiques. Presentem 144 inventaris de 22 associacions (una d’elles diversificada en 4 subassociacions), 2 de les quals són noves descripcions, i 8 es documenten per primer cop dels Pirineus. La majoria d’associacions corresponen a la classe Scheuchzerio-Caricetea fuscae (molleres i torberes minerogèniques) i força menys es refereixen a torberes ombrogèniques de la classe Oxycocco-Sphagnetea o a la vegetació lacustre associada de les aliances Magnocaricion, Phragmition i Scorpidio-Utricularion minoris. Valorem la diversitat de torberes en forma de bony de la classe Oxycocco-Sphagnetea i la presència de molleres tremoloses del Caricion lasiocarpae, que constitueixen l’única representació dels Scheuchzerietalia a Catalunya. Reinterpretem les formacions dominades per Scirpus cespitosus, i proposem el nom Vaccinio microphylli-Sphagnetum capillifolii per al que fins ara s’ha anomenat Calluno-Sphagnetum subnitentis Casanovas 1992 (nom. inval.) Com a conclusió general, destaquem la singularitat de la Vall d’Aran per la diversitat i excepcionalitat de les comunitats de molleres que s’hi donen. A més, aquestes formen sistemes molt particulars pel que fa a la hidrologia i al mosaic de comunitats que acullen; en són exemples destacats els de bassa Nera, Planhòla d’Aiguamòg i pla de Tor.Given the topographic situation of the Aran valley, on the north side of the Pyrenees, the climate regimes (from medio-European to high mountain types) have a strong Atlantic influence. This, and the complex relief and bedrock assemblage of the area, enable the formation of great diversity of fens and bogs, covering from mediumsized to small areas. Here we present a phytosociological study of these vegetation units, and especially of those found in the complex systems, where ombrogenous, topogenous, soligenous and limnogenous mires may occur. We obtained field relevés according to the Braun-Blanquet approach, and recorded various associated environmental parameters (pH and conductivity of the soil water, depth of the phreatic water table, peat thickness), as well as topographic descriptors. By means of 144 relevés we discuss 22 associations (one of these split in 4 subassociations), from which 2 are new descriptions and 8 are firstly documented from the Pyrenees. Most of the associations treated are included in the vegetation class Scheuchzerio-Caricetea fuscae (fens), whereas few are referred to the Oxycocco-Sphagnetea ombrogenic bogs or to the neighbouring lacustrine alliances Magnocaricion, Phragmition and Scorpidio-Utricularion minoris. We discuss the diversity of the Oxycocco-Sphagnetea bog hummocks, and the occurrence of the Caricion lasiocarpae floating carpets, which are the sole Scheuchzerietalia representation in Catalonia. Other novelties are the reinterpretation of the Scirpus cespitosus communities, and the new name Vaccinio microphylli-Sphagnetum capillifolii, which properly refers to the Calluno- Sphagnetum subnitentis Casanovas 1992 (nom. inval.). As a general conclusion, we point out the singularity of the Aran valley, referred to the diversity and particularity of the fen and bog communities found. Moreover, these communities are combined into particular systems according to hydrologic aspects, which are especially diverse and outstanding at Bassa Nera, Planhòla d’Aiguamòg and Plan de Tor

Flora del Massís de la Fembra Morta

Aquest treball va guanyar "ex-aequo" el VI Premi Jaume Caresmar i Alemany, atorgat l'any 1998 i convocat conjuntament per l'Ajuntament d'Igualada i el Centre d'Estudis Comarcals d'Igualad

New chiral polyfunctional cyclobutane derivatives from (-)-verbenone: Possible surfactant behaviour

New enantiopure cyclobutane derivatives have been synthesized from a chiral precursor derived from (-)-verbenone. The cyclobutane moiety acts as a chiral platform to afford a γ-amino acid function in a branched side-chain containing an additional stereogenic centre as well as additional C6 or C16-alkyl chains linked to the ring by means of an amine or an amide function. One of these compounds, obtained as a 1:2 mixture with its TFA salt has been investigated, suggesting behaviour as a good surfactant and its critical micellar concentration has been determined. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Imma Carrera is acknowledged for help in the measurement of surface tensions. Jaume Caelles from the SAXS-WAXS service at IQAC is acknowledged for the SAXS measurements. The authors thank financial support from Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grant CTQ2010-15408/BQU and CTQ2010-14897) and Generalitat de Catalunya (grant 2009SGR-733 and 2009SGR-1331).Peer reviewe

Tourism and Exports as a means of Growth

This study expands existing research by considering both exports and tourism as potential influencing factors for economic growth. While trade of goods has been proven as a means of growth for countries, inbound tourism as non-traditional exports, has been scarcely examined in the literature. Using data for Italy and Spain over the period 1954-2000 and 1964-2000 respectively, both exports of goods and tourism exports are included in the same model. Standard cointegration and Granger causality techniques are applied. The main results reveal the significance of both exports and tourism towards longterm growth with some peculiarities for each country

Noves aportacions a la flora de les comarques meridionals de Catalunya

Es comenten un total de 89 tàxons. Arabis nova Vill. subsp. iberica Rivas Mart. ex Talavera, Cistus × nigricans Pourr. i Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. constitueixen novetats per a la flora de Catalunya, i 15 tàxons (Allium oporinanthum Brullo & al., Apera interrupta (L.) Beauv., Asplenium trichomanes L. subsp. trichomanes, Campanula affinis Schult., Carex sylvatica Huds. subsp. paui (Sennen) A. & O. Bolòs, Epilobium angustifolium L., Limonium hibericum Erben, Melilotus messanensis (L.) All, Minuartia funkii (Jord.) Graebner, Onosma tricerosperma subsp. catalaunica (Sennen) O. Bolòs & Vigo, Orchis palustris Jacq., Orchis simia Lam., Selaginella denticulata (L.) Spring, Stellaria neglecta Weihle in Bluff & Fingerh. i Vaccinium myrtillus L. suposen novetats per a les comarques meridionals de CatalunyaData about 89 taxa are presented. Arabis nova Vill. subsp. iberica Rivas Mart. ex Talavera, Cistus × nigricans Pourr. and Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. are new records for the Catalan flora, and 15 taxa (Allium oporinanthum Brullo & al., Apera interrupta (L.) Beauv., Asplenium trichomanes L. subsp. trichomanes, Campanula affinis Schult., Carex sylvatica Huds. subsp. paui (Sennen) A. & O. Bolòs, Epilobium angustifolium L., Limonium hibericum Erben, Melilotus messanensis (L.) All., Minuartia funkii (Jord.) Graebner, Onosma triceros-perma subsp. catalaunica (Sennen) O. Bolòs & Vigo, Orchis palustris Jacq., Orchis simia Lam., Selaginella denticulata (L.) Spring, Stellaria neglecta Weihle in Bluff & Fingerh. and Vaccinium myrtillus L. are new records for Southern Cataloni