PARA UMA ARQUEOLOGIA DO ESPAÇO PÚBLICO E DA SOCIEDADE CIVIL EM PORTUGAL (SÉCULO XVIII-1926)

Actualmente somos confrontados com mudanças nos conceitos de público e privado e com uma reconfiguração do espaço público, nomeadamente ao nível dos ‘fazedores’ de opinião e dos meios em que esta se produz e difunde. Realidade que reabriu o debate sobre as diferentes concepções de esfera pública, sobre o declínio ou a transformação do espaço público, sobre a construção de uma contra-esfera pública e de uma contra-sociedade civil alternativa, sobre o enfraquecimento ou a vitalidade da sociedade civil, sobre a relação dependente e constitutiva entre democracia e mass media. Quais serão as características da sociedade civil no futuro é uma questão em aberto. O conhecimento histórico não permite prever o futuro, mas permite saber que em certos momentos do passado estiveram em aberto hipóteses de diferentes  futuros. No texto que se segue traça-se uma breve síntese da construção da esfera pública e da sociedade civil em Portugal, desde as origens no século XVIII até ao golpe militar de 1926 e a constituição do Estado Novo que reprimiu o associativismo livre e censurou a imprensa livre. A  hipótese de uma sociedade liberal e democrática terminou aí, ou melhor, foi interrompida durante quatro décadas.Palavras-chave: Espaço público. Sociedade civil. Associações. Sociabilidades. Portugal. FOR AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF PUBLIC SPACE AND CIVIL SOCIETY IN PORTUGAL (18th CENTURY-1926)ABSTRACT:  Nowadays we are confronted by changes to the concepts of public and private and also by a reconfiguration of public space, namely by opinion makers and the means in which they produce and broadcast their views. Such has reopened the debate on the different conceptions of public sphere, the decline or transformation of public space, on the construction of a public counter-sphere and an counter civil society, about the weakening or vitality of civil society and the inherent dependence between democracy and mass-media. What will be the traits of future civil society remains an open question. Historical knowledge does not allow us to foresee the future, but it allows us to know that at certain moments of the past different futures were possible. The following text draws a brief synthesis of the construction of a public sphere and a civil society in Portugal, from its onset in the eighteenth century until the military coup of 1926 and the establishment of the Estado Novo regime, which repressed free association and censured the press. The possibility of a liberal and democratic society ended there,or else, it was interrupted/suspended for four decades. Keywords: Public Sphere. Civil Society. Associations. Sociability. Portugal

O neomalthusianismo na propaganda libertária

Investigação sobre os primórdios do auto-controlo dos nascimentos, o chamado neo-malthusianismo, em Portugal no primeiro terço do século XX, no quadro das correntes minoritárias existentes no interior do movimento anarquista

Literatura, viagens e turismo cultural no Brasil, em França e em Portugal

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When water meets tourism : an introduction

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Does selecting for improved growth affect wood quality of Pinus pinaster in Portugal ?

The selection criteria for the first generations in the Portuguese Pinus pinaster improvement program have been the growth rate and form traits. In this work we study the consequences of this selection on wood quality traits. This study assesses genetic and phenotypic correlation between growth, wood density components, lignin content and mechanical traits (radial modulus of elasticity and radial modulus of rupture) of 46 half sib families from a progeny trail located in Leiria, Portugal, originated from seed collected in a clonal seed orchard. A total of 552 seventeen-years-old trees (about half of full rotation age) were sampled at 2 m height. Height measured at 12 years old presented a higher genetic control (h2 = 0.34) relatively to DBH, measured at 12 and 17 years old respectively (h2 = 0.17 and h2 = 0.15). The results of this study also showed that DBH growth is more dependent on latewood components than earlywood components and that higher growth inMediterranean regions can be due to an increase of the period of latewood formation. Further, we can conclude genetic selection based on growth will not result in a decrease of wood density, will not affect the occurrence of spiral grain, and is possible to obtain an increase in the radialmodulus of elasticity. The present study also showed that it is possible to select for increased growth with lower lignin proportion. Results also suggest that selection for growth at 12 years will probably not affect negatively the wood properties at 17 year