Characteristics and Lifestyle Related to Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Type 2 diabetes mellitus has been a prominent public health issue today. Globally, an estimated 462 million people are affected by type 2 diabetes, equivalent to 6.28% of the world's population. Globally, an estimated 462 million people are affected by type 2 diabetes, equivalent to 6.28% of the world's population. In Asia, especially Indonesia, the number of cases is expected to increase to 21.3 by 2030 in Indonesia. Type 2 diabetes is determined by blood sugar level, which affected by many factors including patients’ characteristics and lifestyle habits such as physical activity and diet. The Purpose of this research is to find the association between age, sex, education level, employment status, duration of disease, obesity, hypertension, diet, and physical activity with the blood glucose level of type 2 diabetic patients.  This research used cross-sectional study design. The population is type 2 diabetes mellitus patients The population is type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who are spread over three areas of the city of Makassar, at the city center, suburban health center and coastal health center, total sample size of 273 patients The research was conducted sampling for 2 months via interview. The research instruments used were IPAQ and FFQ. The data analysis technique used is univariate and bivariate analysis,  using chi-square. The results of this study indicate that found correlation between the variables. Lifestyle were found associated most with blood sugar level. Findings of the research found association between duration (p=0.003), obesity (p=0.000), hypertension (p=0.048), diet (p=0.000), and physical activity (p=0.000) with blood sugar levels. Meanwhile, age (p=0.461), gender (p=0.431), education level (p=0.357), working status (p=0.522), found not associated with blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. The conclusion is duration Obesity, hypertension, diet, and physical activity were found associated with blood glucose level in type 2 diabetic patients. Patients with type 2 diabetes are expected to maintain blood sugar level by implementing healthy lifestyle. This includes regular physical activity and balanced diet

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AUDIO VISUAL MEDIA INTERVENTION AKU BANGGA AKU TAHU (ABAT) ON KNOWLEDGE OF STREET CHILDREN IN PREVENTION OF HIV & AIDS TRANSMISSION IN MAKASSAR CITY

Transmission of HIV & AIDS generally starts from risky behaviors such as free sex. Free sex is closely related to premarital relationships that are often found in groups of teenagers to young adults including street children. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of ABAT audio visual media interventions on the knowledge of street children in the prevention of HIV & AIDS transmission in Makassar City. The study design uses a quasy experimental approach with the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Sampling using non probability sampling by purposive sampling. The research sample consisted of 48 intervention groups and 47 controls. Bivariate data analysis using SPSS statistical applications, using the non parametric two related sample (Wilcoxon) test and Mann Whitney. The results showed that the average knowledge score before and after the intervention, where the mean value ± SD was 11,25 ± 1,952 to 19,17 ± 1,894 with a p value (p = 0,001) in the intervention group, and at the mean value ± SD in the control group was 12,17 ± 2,729 to 18.02 ± 1,882 with a p value (p = 0,001) which meant that there were significant differences in knowledge before and after the ABAT audio-visual media intervention. The results of the mann whitney test showed that there was a difference in knowledge after the intervention of ABAT audio-visual media playback three times and once with p value (p = 0,003). It can be concluded that ABAT's audio-visual media interventions are three times more effective than just once. Provision of health information can then be emphasized on aspects that are not yet properly understood such as lifestyle choices and the use of condoms for the prevention of STIs and HIV & AIDS

Effectiveness of Audio Visual Media Intervention Aku Bangga Aku Tahu (ABAT) towards Attitude of Street Children in Prevention of HIV & AIDS Transmission in Makassar City

Street children are one of the populations that are vulnerable to HIV transmission and the use of drugs, psychotropic substances, and addictive substances (drugs) because they are in a social, economic and psychological situation that allows such deviant behavior to occur. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of ABAT audio visual media interventions on the attitudes of street children in the prevention of HIV & AIDS transmission in Makassar City. This study uses an experimental quasy with the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Sampling using non probability sampling by purposive sampling. The research sample consisted of 48 intervention groups and 47 controls. Data collection took place from June to July 2019. Quantitative data analysis with statistical application of SPSS, using paired T test, Wilcoxon test and mann whitney. The results showed that the average attitude score before and after the intervention, where the mean value ± SD was 36.81 ± 4.489 to 42.27 ± 3.174 with a p value (p = 0.000) <0.05 in the intervention group, and at the mean ± SD value in the control group was 38.06 ± 4.570 to 44.77 ± 2.830 with a p value (p = 0.000) <0.05) which means that there were significant differences in attitude before and after the ABAT audio-visual media intervention. The results of the mann whitney test show that the ABAT intervention is three times better than just one time with a p value (p = 0,000 and 0.007) <0.05). It can be concluded that the ABAT audio-visual media is effective in improving the attitude of street children in preventing the transmission of HIV & AIDS. ABAT needs to be recommended as a counseling media for the prevention of HIV & AIDS transmission among adolescents, especially street children in Makassar

The Effectiveness of Audio Visual Media Intervention Aku Bangga Aku Tahu (ABAT) toward Adolescent Attitude as a Practice of Prevention of HIV and AIDS Transmission

Learning media have an important role in supporting the delivery of information, one of the learning media that is currently developing is audio visual media. Recognizing the problems faced in efforts to prevent and control HIV and AIDS among adolescent groups, then through audio-visual media, I am Proud I Know (ABAT) as an education to spread true and comprehensive knowledge about HIV and AIDS. This study aims to determine the effect of ABAT audio-visual media on attitudes about HIV and AIDS at school adolescents in Makassar City. The research design uses quasy experiment with The Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling, as many as 96 adolescents. The results showed that most respondents were in the age group of 17 years (49%), female sex (52%), grade 12 level (51%). Based on the results of the Mann-Whitney U Test, there were differences in attitude before and after the intervention of ABAT audio-visual media playback with a frequency of playback three times and once in the intervention group and the control group (p = 0.036). Conclusion: there are significant differences in adolescent attitudes about HIV and AIDS before and after the intervention. Some comparison of counseling media is needed in order to better know the effectiveness of a media

FAKTOR RISIKO YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN MALARIA PADA IBU HAMIL DI PUSKESMAS TAWIRI KECAMATAN BAGUALA KOTA AMBON PROVINSI MALUKU PERIODE 2009-2011

Malaria menyerang individu tanpa membedakan umur dan jenis kelamin, tidak terkecuali wanita hamil merupakan golongan yang rentan. Malaria pada kehamilan dapat disebabkan oleh keempat spesies plasmodium di atas, tetapi Plasmodium falciparum merupakan parasit yang dominan dan mempunyai dampak paling berat terhadap morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu dan janinnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian malaria pada ibu hamil. Jenis penelitian adalah ???case control???. Populasinya adalah ibu hamil yang terdaftar di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tawiri tahun 2009 - 2011. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara purposive sampling. Data primer dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara menggunakan kuesioner sedangkan data sekunder menggunakan data dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Ambon dan Puskesmas Tawiri untuk mengetahui jumlah penderita. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendidikan (OR=2.78), pengetahuan (OR=2.66), tempat perindukan nyamuk (OR=3.556), dan tempat pemeliharaan ternak (OR=2.69) merupakan faktor risiko penyakit malaria pada ibu hamil sedangkan sikap merupakan faktor protektif (OR=0.12). Saran yang diberikan adalah hendaknya petugas kesehatan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tawiri meningkatkan penyuluhan kemasyarakat, perlunya masyarakat menimbun genangan air, pembersihan semak-semak, dan membersihkan kandang ternak sehingga pengetahuan masyarakat tentang malaria meningkat serta diharapkan kepada warga masyarakat sekitar untuk tetap menjaga kebersihan lingkungan

Effectiveness of Audiovisual Media Intervention Aku Bangga Aku Tahu on Knowledge in Practices in Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Transmission in Adolescents

BACKGROUND: Educational media is a very important component as a means of interaction, one of which is audiovisual media. Health education through audiovisual media, I am proud I know (ABAT) is expected to be able to increase knowledge comprehensively about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIM: This study aimed to determine the effect of ABAT audiovisual media on HIV and AIDS knowledge of school adolescents in Makassar City. METOHDS: The research design uses quasi experimental approach with the design of the nonequivalent control group design. Sampling using a random sampling technique, as many as 96 adolescents. RESULTS: The results showed that the majority of respondents were in the age group of 17 years (49%), female sex (52%), and grade 12 level (51%). Based on the results of the Mann–Whitney U Test, there were differences in knowledge before and after the intervention of ABAT audiovisual media playback with a frequency of playback three times and once in the intervention group and the control group (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in adolescent knowledge about HIV and AIDS before and after the intervention. ABAT audiovisual media with playback frequency 3 times are more effective than once. Some comparison of counseling media is needed in order to better know the effectiveness of a media. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of ABAT audiovisual media on the knowledge of school adolescents can significantly improve HIV and AIDS before and after the intervention is given three times and one in Makassar City

RISIKO GAYA HIDUP TERHADAP KEJADIAN KANKER PAYUDARA PADA WANITA

Kanker payudara merupakan keganasan umum pertama pada wanita di seluruh dunia dan menjadi pembunuh nomor dua dari keseluruhan kanker di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor risikogaya hidup yaitu konsumsi lemak, obesitas, merokok dan stres pada wanita yang menderita kanker payudara di rumah sakit Kota Makassar tahun 2016. Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangancase control study, pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, uji statistik bivariat menggunakan odds ratio dengan α=0,05 dan multivariat menggunakan analisis regresi berganda logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan hasil uji statistik dengan menggunakan OR, diketahui bahwa faktor risiko yang signifikan terhadap kejadian kanker payudara adalah konsumsi lemak ≥ nilai rata-rata seluruh penderita/responden (≥97) (p=0,005, OR=2,872;CI 95%:1,410-5,849), obesitas (IMT≥25 kg/m²) (p=0,069,OR=1,942,CI 95%:1,006-3,749), merokok (p=0,063,OR=2,002;CI 95%:1,020-3,930), dan stres (p=0,012,OR=2,698;CI 95%:1,294-5,624). Stres merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian kanker payudara (p=0,020,OR=2,657;CI 95%:1,166-6,054). Kesimpulannya adalah faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian kanker payudara pada wanita di Rumah Sakit Kota Makassar adalah konsumsi lemak, obesitas, merokok dan stres. Faktor risiko yang paling perpengaruh terhadap kejadian kanker payudara adalah stres

Water, Sanitation Dan Hygiene Analysis, and Individual Factors for Stunting among Children Under Two Years in Ambon

BACKGROUND: Nutrition problem is a problem that is still a threat in various countries around the world, one of which is stunting that occurs since the baby is in the womb and in the early period after the baby is born, but only appears after the child is 2 years old. AIM: This study aimed to analyze the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), and individual factors for the incidence of stunting in children aged 7–24 months in the slums of Ambon City. METHODS: The research was an analytical observational study using a case control study design. The population in this study was all children aged 7–24 months who suffered from stunting in Ambon. The samples were 150 child with a ratio of 1:1 for the case and control groups. RESULTS: The results showed that WASH (OR=2.7, CI 95%: 1.379–5.566) dan status Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (OR=5.1; CI 95%: 2.279–11.445) was a stunting risk factor. Meanwhile, diarrhea status (OR=2.4; CI 95%: 0.793–7.302), immunization (OR=1.4; CI 95%:0.622–3.260), and smoking history of household members (OR=1.1; CI 95%: 0.540–2.086) are risk factors, but statistically not significant. Maternal education (OR=1.0) is not a risk factor for stunting in children aged 7–24 months. CONCLUSION: The conclusion of this study is that the WASH condition and low birth weight status are risk factors for stunting in children aged 7–24 months in Ambon

Interprofessional Collaboration Practices: Case Study of the Handling of Malnutrition in Three Public Health Centers in South Sulawesi

The results of this research revealed various definitions of malnutrition by the health officials, including the characteristics and causes of malnutrition. Various actual activities were performed as joint efforts in handling nutrition problems and a good understanding of interprofessional collaborations was indicated by the health officers. Many activities showed a form of interprofessional collaboration in the daily healthcare services. One of these activities was the integrated health center activity. However, at the time of implementation of the activities, there was not yet an interprofessional collaboration as a whole. Supporting documents showed that the implementation of interprofessional collaborations in the form of written rules was also not available. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the implementation of interprofessional collaborations in South Sulawesi has not been optimize

Determinants of Hypertension Incidence in the Work Areas of the Bone and Barru District Health Centers in 2022

Hypertension is often called the silent killer because it does not show any symptoms. Hence, not all people with hypertension are aware that they suffer from a chronic condition that can cause degenerative diseases, to death. Hypertension is a problem that is often found in society, both in developed and developing countries, especially in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension in the work area of Dua Boccoe Health Center and Blue Health Center of Bone Regency and Padongko Health Center and Palakka Health Center of Barru Regency, with a high prevalence of hypertension cases in Bone Regency (29.33%) and Barru Regency (33.59%). The type of research used is observational with cross-sectional design with a total of 356 respondents. Data were processed using the SPSS program with chi-square analysis and logistic regression. The results of the study based on the chi-square test showed that there was a relationship between the variables of age, education level, family history of hypertension, smoking, and stress with the incidence of hypertension (p&lt;0.05) and there was no relationship between the variables of sex and physical activity with the incidence of hypertension (p&gt;0.05). Furthermore, based on the logistic regression test, respondents were at a 6.5 times greater risk of developing hypertension if they had stress risk factors. Therefore, respondents are expected to carry out regular health checks and maintain a healthy lifestyle to control risk factors for hypertension