A MARISCAGEM: A HERANÇA DOS MANGUEZAIS AMAZÔNICOS

Este vídeo faz parte da série “Vozes das mulheres do mangue” e é um dos produtos audiovisuais do projeto “Observatório do Mangue” que retrata os serviços ecossistêmicos de provisão utilizados por mulheres marisqueiras que residem na comunidade Vila do Bonifácio dentro da Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Caeté-Taperaçu no município de Bragança. Esta pesquisa foi realizada no âmbito de três projetos: “Redes de conhecimento socioecológico das florestas de mangue”, “Ciência cidadã e comunidades tradicionais do litoral na adaptação às mudanças climáticas: construindo uma rede brasileira de observação” e da equipe “Usos y Derechos” do projeto “Mangues da Amazônia”, realizados na região norte pelo Laboratório de Ecologia de Manguezal (LAMA) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Campus de Bragança.Assista aqui

Caco-2 cells cytotoxicity of nifuroxazide derivatives with potential activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

It is important to determine the toxicity of compounds and co-solvents that are used in cell monolayer permeability studies to increase confidence in the results obtained from these in vitro experiments. This study was designed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of new nifuroxazide derivatives with potential activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Caco-2 cells to select analogues for further in vitro permeability analyses. In this study, nitrofurantoin and nifuroxazide, in addition to 6 furanic and 6 thiophenic nifuroxazide derivatives were tested at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mu g/mL. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were performed according to the MTT (methyl tetrazolium) assay protocol described in ISO 10993-5. The viability of treated Caco-2 cells was greater than 83% for all tested nitrofurantoin concentrations, while those treated with nifuroxazide at 2, 4 and 6 mu g/mL had viabilities greater than 70%. Treatment with the nifuroxazide analogues resulted in viability values greater than 70% at 2 and 4 mu g/mL with the exception of the thiophenic methyl-substituted derivative, which resulted in cell viabilities below 70% at all tested concentrations. Caco-2 cells demonstrated reasonable viability for all nifuroxazide derivatives, except the thiophenic methyl-substituted compound. The former were selected for further permeability studies using Caco-2 cells. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.CNPqCNPqFAPESP [2010/07188-7]FAPES

DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DAS MACROALGAS ASSOCIADAS ÀS FLORESTAS DE MANGUE NA PENÍNSULA DE AJURUTEUA, BRAGANÇA-PARÁ

Este estudo objetivou caracterizar a comunidade de macroalgas presentes na península de Ajuruteua e na Ilha de Canelas, Bragança, Pará. As coletas foram realizadas nos seguintes substratos: tronco, pneumatóforo e rizóforo. Três réplicas por substrato foram coletadas em cada um dos nove pontos amostrais para a identificação das espécies. Foram registradas 11 espécies de macroalgas pertencentes a sete gêneros ao longo de um gradiente de salinidade, que variou de 16 a 42,  e cujo número de espécies não apresentou diferença significativa na sua distribuição espacial. As comunidades algais ao longo da península até a Ilha de Canelas mostraram alta similaridade entre si, com valores acima de 80%, com exceção do Furo do Taici (65%) e da Ilha de Canelas (60%). Além do mais, a flora algal registrada para o Estado do Pará mostrou-se mais similar à flora do litoral do Estado do Maranhão (~ 63%) do que àquela do Estado do Amapá (~ 48%). Embora alguns estudos já tenham caracterizado a comunidade de macroalgas em algumas áreas da costa norte, tais informações devem ainda ser consideradas como preliminares, haja vista a grande extensão dos manguezais amazônicos e o pequeno esforço amostral empregado para determinar a distribuição espacial dessa flora associada aos manguezais da Amazônia brasileira.   Abstract   Spatial distribution of macroalgae associated with mangrove forests in the ajuruteua peninsula, Bragança-Pará   This study aimed to characterize the macroalgae community in the Ajuruteua peninsula and on Canelas Island, Bragança, Pará. Macroalgae were collected from the following substrata: trunk, pneumatophore and rhizophore. Three replicates of each substratum were collected at nine sample stations for species identification. Twelve species from seven genera of macroalgae were recorded in a salinity gradient, ranging from 16 to 42, in which the number of species did not present any significant difference on its spatial distribution. Algae communities along the peninsula until Canelas Island showed high similarities with values over 80%, but Furo do Taici (65%) and Canelas Island (60%). In addition, algae flora recorded in the state of Pará showed to be more similar to that one on the coastline of the state of Maranhão (~ 63%) than the species found in the state of Amapá (~ 48%). Although some studies have already characterized the macroalgae community in some areas in the northern coast of Brazil, such information must be considered as preliminary ones, due to the large extension of the Amazon mangrove forests and the small sampling effort employed to determine the spatial distribution of this flora associated with mangals in the Brazilian Amazon. Key words - spatial distribution, macroalgae, mangal, Ajuruteua peninsula, Pará

“Vozes do Mangue”: promovendo sensibilização para a conservação dos manguezais amazônicos/ “Vozes do Mangue”: promoting awareness of the conservation of amazonian mangroves

Cerca de 80% dos manguezais brasileiros estão na costa amazônica, onde ocupam a maior faixa contínua de manguezal do mundo. A grande maioria desse ecossistema está abrigada em alguma unidade de conservação e, mesmo assim, a sua manutenção e sustentabilidade ainda é dependente do engajamento direto de projetos socioambientais. Mangues da Amazônia é um projeto socioambiental que incentiva a conservação e promove a sustentabilidade dos recursos dos manguezais amazônicos, através de ações e atividades estratégicas. Vozes do Mangue é um evento criado para se ajustar às condições pandêmicas da Covid-19, utilizando-se do universo virtual para dicutir temas inerentes aos manguezais através de webinários e rodas de conversa. O presente trabalho relata esse processo construtivo e o poder que a comunicação virtual tem para gerar produtos que democratizam o acesso à informação. Três edições desse evento foram realizadas em 2021 e trouxeram as mulheres do mangue (da ciência e das comunidades tracionais) e os manguezais como as principais temáticas. As edições contaram com 22 convidados(as), mais de 400 participantes (nacionais e internacionais) e mais de 2 mil visualizações nas redes sociais do projeto. Os resultados ressaltaram o Vozes do Mangue como uma ferramenta relevante para a popularização da ciência do manguezal e a criação de produtos, como a carta aberta, capazes de sensibilizar e facilitar o acesso à informação. As avaliações interativas identificaram falhas e preencheram lacunas para edições futuras, otimizando a gestão do tempo e potencializando a interação dos participantes

Selection of lettuce genotypes for protected cultivation: genetic divergence and importance of characters

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram selecionar gen?tipos de alface com potencial para cultivo em ambiente protegido; selecionar gen?tipos divergentes geneticamente para integrar programas de melhoramento; comparar t?cnicas multivariadas a fim de se ter uma interpreta??o mais precisa dos resultados; verificar a relev?ncia dos caracteres avaliados para a diverg?ncia gen?tica; e determinar os caracteres mais importantes na avalia??o de gen?tipos de alface. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com 15 gen?tipos, quatro repeti??es e 15 plantas por parcela. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido e avaliou-se a altura das plantas, di?metro da cabe?a, circunfer?ncia da cabe?a, mat?ria fresca da parte a?rea, mat?ria fresca comercial da parte a?rea, mat?ria fresca da raiz, mat?ria seca comercial da parte a?rea, mat?ria seca da raiz e n?mero de folhas comerciais. Os gen?tipos foram classificados em quatro grupos pelo m?todo Tocher. Foram indicados para uso em cultivo protegido e em programas de melhoramento para obten??o de cultivares adaptadas a essas condi??es, as cultivares 'Regina 500'e 'Vit?ria de S. Ant?o' (grupo I), 'Black Seed Simpson' e 'L?via' (grupo II), 'Branca Boston' (grupo III) e 'Romana Bal?o' (grupo IV). Embora a contribui??o relativa da circunfer?ncia para a diverg?ncia seja apenas 0,50%, todas as caracter?sticas avaliadas foram importantes no estudo da diverg?ncia gen?tica. De acordo com o estudo da correla??o genot?pica, a avalia??o da caracter?stica massa fresca da parte a?rea pode substituir a avalia??o das caracter?sticas massa fresca e massa seca comercial da parte a?rea em um processo de sele??o, reduzindo tempo e custo em um programa de melhoramento.Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu?ria de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)The objectives of this study were to select lettuce genotypes with potential for cultivation in protected environments; select genetically divergent genotypes to integrate breeding programs; compare multivariate analysis to have a more precise interpretation of the results; verify the relevance of evaluated traits to genetic divergence; and determine the most important characters in the evaluation of lettuce genotypes. Fifteen genotypes were studied in a randomized block design with four replications and 15 plants per plot. The experiment was carried out in protected environments and the following traits were evaluated: plant height, head diameter; head circumference; fresh matter of heads; marketable fresh matter of heads; root fresh matter; dry matter of commercial heads; dry matter of roots and number of commercial leaves. The genotypes were classified in four groups by Tocher's method. The genotypes that should preferably be used in protected environment and in breeding programs were 'Regina 500' and 'Vit?ria de S. Ant?o', from group I; 'Black Seed Simpson' and 'L?via' from group II; 'Branca Boston' from group III and 'Romana Bal?o' from group IV. Although the relative contribution of the head circumference is only 0.50%, all traits were important in the study of genetic diversity. According to the genotypic correlation study, the assessment of the fresh mass characteristic of the aerial part can substitute the evaluation of commercial fresh and dry mass of the aerial part in the selection process, reducing the time and cost in a breeding program

Assessment of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms where an undiagnosed neurological disease is suspected: A report from an International Continence Society consensus working group

Aim Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are a common urological referral, which sometimes can have a neurological basis in a patient with no formally diagnosed neurological disease (“occult neurology”). Early identification and specialist input is needed to avoid bad LUTS outcomes, and to initiate suitable neurological management. Methods The International Continence Society established a neurological working group to consider: Which neurological conditions may include LUTS as an early feature? What diagnostic evaluations should be undertaken in the LUTS clinic? A shortlist of conditions was drawn up by expert consensus and discussed at the annual congress of the International Neurourology Society. A multidisciplinary working group then generated recommendations for identifying clinical features and management. Results The relevant conditions are multiple sclerosis, multiple system atrophy, normal pressure hydrocephalus, early dementia, Parkinsonian syndromes (including early Parkinson's Disease and Multiple System Atrophy) and spinal cord disorders (including spina bifida occulta with tethered cord, and spinal stenosis). In LUTS clinics, the need is to identify additional atypical features; new onset severe LUTS (excluding infection), unusual aspects (eg, enuresis without chronic retention) or “suspicious” symptoms (eg, numbness, weakness, speech disturbance, gait disturbance, memory loss/cognitive impairment, and autonomic symptoms). Where occult neurology is suspected, healthcare professionals need to undertake early appropriate referral; central nervous system imaging booked from LUTS clinic is not recommended. Conclusions Occult neurology is an uncommon underlying cause of LUTS, but it is essential to intervene promptly if suspected, and to establish suitable management pathways

Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding $4{\times}10^{18}$ eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than $60^{\circ}$ detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above $5.3{\times}10^{18}$ eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law $E^{-\gamma}$ with index $\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)}$ followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy ($E_\text{s}$) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find $E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19}$ eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Phase 1 Trials of rVSV Ebola Vaccine in Africa and Europe.

BACKGROUND: The replication-competent recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV)-based vaccine expressing a Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) glycoprotein was selected for rapid safety and immunogenicity testing before its use in West Africa. METHODS: We performed three open-label, dose-escalation phase 1 trials and one randomized, double-blind, controlled phase 1 trial to assess the safety, side-effect profile, and immunogenicity of rVSV-ZEBOV at various doses in 158 healthy adults in Europe and Africa. All participants were injected with doses of vaccine ranging from 300,000 to 50 million plaque-forming units (PFU) or placebo. RESULTS: No serious vaccine-related adverse events were reported. Mild-to-moderate early-onset reactogenicity was frequent but transient (median, 1 day). Fever was observed in up to 30% of vaccinees. Vaccine viremia was detected within 3 days in 123 of the 130 participants (95%) receiving 3 million PFU or more; rVSV was not detected in saliva or urine. In the second week after injection, arthritis affecting one to four joints developed in 11 of 51 participants (22%) in Geneva, with pain lasting a median of 8 days (interquartile range, 4 to 87); 2 self-limited cases occurred in 60 participants (3%) in Hamburg, Germany, and Kilifi, Kenya. The virus was identified in one synovial-fluid aspirate and in skin vesicles of 2 other vaccinees, showing peripheral viral replication in the second week after immunization. ZEBOV-glycoprotein-specific antibody responses were detected in all the participants, with similar glycoprotein-binding antibody titers but significantly higher neutralizing antibody titers at higher doses. Glycoprotein-binding antibody titers were sustained through 180 days in all participants. CONCLUSIONS: In these studies, rVSV-ZEBOV was reactogenic but immunogenic after a single dose and warrants further evaluation for safety and efficacy. (Funded by the Wellcome Trust and others; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT02283099, NCT02287480, and NCT02296983; Pan African Clinical Trials Registry number, PACTR201411000919191.)