Statement of Second Brazilian Congress of Mechanical Ventilarion : part I

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Molecular characterisation of the emerging measles virus from Roraima state, Brazil, 2018

Measles is a human infectious disease of global concern that is caused by the measles virus. In this study, we report the complete genome sequencing of one measles virus isolate, genotype D8, that was obtained directly from a urine sample in Boa Vista city, the capital of Roraima state in Brazil. Phylogenetic reconstruction grouped the genome described in this study with that of samples from Australia, South Korea, and Italy. To our knowledge, this is the first complete genome sequence of a wild-type measles virus reported from Latin America. Therefore, the present data strengthen the current knowledge on the molecular epidemiology of measles worldwide

Policy forum: Shifting cultivation and agroforestry in the Amazon: Premises for REDD+

Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2020.102217.Evidence shows that there is a close link between the intensification of shifting cultivation (SC) and the Amazon forest resilience. However, SC, to this day, is a widely implemented agricultural practice around the Amazon region due to its cultural, social, and economic relevance. In pristine indigenous communities, which have not experienced Western influence, SC will continue to be the main livelihood as part of the conservation of a patrimony of the humanity. Nevertheless, the main adverse effects of SC on ecosystems (i.e. forest degradation), particularly on Amazon forests, are our grounds to justify the implementation of public policies aiming to the substitution by agroforestry systems (AFS) as a sustainable food system. In this context, we propose linking AFS to Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+ strategies) in shifting cultivation landscapes where there is high local-scale expansion and intensification of SC. AFS has higher potential as sustainable food systems for degraded forest rehabilitation and reduction of the expansion and intensification of SC. Consequently, AFS reduce deforestation of new forest areas for SC, meanwhile, sustainable management of second-growth forests could also be implemented through improved fallows, increasing the planting density of long-cycle agroforestry tree species. AFS should be implemented in local communities, in particular, those undergoing human-modified Amazon landscapes, where there is a high intensification of SC.The authors would like to thank the different indigenous communities who allowed and contributed to this research in its traditional area. We also thank the National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA-Amazonas) for research and logistics support. We are grateful to anonymous reviewer for important comments on this manuscript. This research was funded by the Global Environment Facility (GEF-grant VEN/SGP/2010-2015); implementing agent United Nations Development Program, and the National Science and Technology Fund (FONACIT project number 2011000540). The first author received scholarships from CNPq-Brazil.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio