Mining Induced Ground Motions in a Tailings Dam

Mining induced seismicity can expose tailings dams to ground motions with potential to trigger a failure, if the structure reaches a certain level of vibrations that could exceed the seismic coefficient design criteria from pseudostatic analysis. Despite the cited risk, mainly for dams that are closer to open pits, few dams in Brazil are monitored by microseismic systems, and there are no references in the literature about continuous seismic monitoring both in open pit (source) and tailings dam, which represents the motivation of this paper. A microseismic system was commissioned in Cajati Mine, São Paulo, to record seismic events continuously in an array of 16 geophones (14 Hz and 4.5 Hz), installed in boreholes near the open pit (12 sensors) and in the dam (4 sensors), has measured values of PGA (Peak Ground Acceleration) and PGV (Peak Ground Velocity) related to 2,972 induced events from rock removal in the open pit. During the period monitored, the total of 109 events have triggered sensors in both structures, producing 920 seismograms, with the highest values of PGA and PGV of 0.0135 m/s2 (0.1358% of g) and 0.0892 mm/s. The highest PGA value is 36 times lower than the vertical coefficient of 3% of g defined by Brazilian technical standard to dam design criteria, normally used in common pseudostatic analysis from geotechnical engineers. A routine microseismic monitoring brings a new set of valuable actionable data and information to support the management of geotechnical tailings dams’ risks, under the conditions of vibrations induced by mining production

Different Teaching Approaches and Use of Active Learning Strategies as Tools for Inter- and Transdisciplinary Education

This work reports a review on some of the ways in which education and research can be used to solve today’s complex problems by taking into account teaching and learning strategies that go beyond traditional teaching strategies. It revisits different teaching approaches and connects them directly to uni-, pluri-, multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinary attitudes, and how educational professionals think of the subject of teaching. This discussion reflects on how teachers tend to reproduce procedures they observed in their own graduation programs and why experienced teachers opt for inter- and transdisciplinary attitudes. Using a qualitative approach, this work illustrates the results from a Project-Based Learning strategy applied to a group of Major Engineering students to solve problems at the University’s Campus. Participants included 25 students engaged to Physics Engineering program supervised by different faculty members, experienced undergraduate and graduate students, and technicians, who had mentored the undergraduate students’ teams, all working in subjects closely related to the projects. The products developed by the teams show evidence that the students were motivated and engaged in the projects; this supports the premise that inter- and transdisciplinary approaches drive collaboration in the execution of projects, develop soft skills and permit knowledge development in an articulate and complex way thereby leading to a broader education of the students

The prevalence of mental disorders in suicide attempts, HPS - Porto Alegre, RS

O suicídio é um risco presente nos pacientes com transtornos psiquiátricos e, através da prática desempenhada no Serviço de Saúde Mental do Hospital de Pronto Socorro de Porto Alegre/RS, notase que a ocorrência de tentativas de suicídio tem-se evidenciado com índices elevados. O presente trabalho aborda aspectos sobre as tentativas de suicídio enquanto fenômeno social, tema pouco discutido e divulgado. Objetivos: estimar a prevalência de transtornos mentais e descrever o perfil sociodemográfico nas tentativas de suicídio. Método: estudo de caso não controlado, sendo incluídos pacientes que realizaram uma tentativa de suicídio e foram avaliados pelo Serviço de Psicologia deste Hospital. Resultados: evidenciou-se que os pacientes que tentaram suicídio por intoxicação exógena eram na maioria do sexo feminino, sem companheiro fixo, encontrando-se na fase jovem adulto. Os achados tiveram alto grau de risco de suicídio (83%), portanto, considera-se que a maior parte dos sujeitos tem maior predisposição para realizar nova tentativa de suicídio. Conclusões: a relevância desta discussão encontra-se associada à importância de uma melhor compreensão a respeito dos pacientes que realizaram uma tentativa de suicídio associada à prevalência de transtornos mentais, podendo-se desta forma compreender os motivos/efeitos da ocorrência e tomar as decisões mais adequadas sobre intervenções e encaminhamentos.Suicide is a risk present in patients with psychiatric disorders and, through the practice performed in the Mental Health Department of the Hospital de Pronto Socorro de Porto Alegre/RS, it is noted that the occurrence of suicide attempts has been quite high. This paper will address aspects of suicide attempts as a social phenomenon, little discussed and disclosed theme. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of mental disorders and describe the sociodemographic in attempted suicides. Methods: Case study uncontrolled and included patients who had attempted suicide and were evaluated by the psychology of the Hospital Service. Results: It was observed that patients who attempted suicide by exogenous intoxication, most female without fixed companions, finding themselves in adult young stage. The findings had a high degree of suicide risk (83%), so it is considered that most subjects have a greater predisposition to perform a new suicide attempt. Conclusions: The relevance of this discussion is linked to the importance of a better understanding of the patients who underwent an attempt of suicide associated with the prevalence of mental disorders, therefore you can understand the reason/purpose of the event and make the most appropriate decisions about referrals interventions

PRESENÇA DE AMIDO NOS ALIMENTOS

O amido é um carboidrato do tipo polissacarídeo e é a principalsubstância de reserva energética (de glicose) de plantas e algas. Dessa forma,não o encontramos em alimentos de origem animal. Para testar essaafirmação, realizou-se um experimento prático de identificação do amido emalimentos. Em cada recipiente, colocar uma pequena quantidade de cadaalimento, tais como batata crua, farinha, arroz cru, arroz cozido, pão, frutas,leite e café. Assim, foi comparada a coloração de cada uma das amostras coma de sal e a de amido de milho. Como o primeiro não contém amido e,obviamente, o segundo contém, ambos serviram de parâmetros indicativos depresença/ausência dessa molécula. Conclui-se que as práticas experimentaissão metodologias que auxiliam no processo de ensino aprendizagem ecomplementam o trabalho que se desenvolve em sala de aula tornando oensino das ciências mais dinâmico, divertido e mais fácil de assimilar

Influence of radiopacifying agents on the solubility, pH and antimicrobial activity of portland cement

The aim of this study was to evaluate the interference of the radiopacifiers bismuth oxide (BO), bismuth carbonate (BC), bismuth subnitrate (BS), and zirconiun oxide (ZO) on the solubility, alkalinity and antimicrobial properties of white Portland cement (WPC). The substances were incorporated to PC, at a ratio of 1:4 (v/v) and subjected to a solubility test. To evaluate the pH, the cements were inserted into retrograde cavities prepared in simulated acrylic teeth and immediately immersed in deionized water. The pH of the solution was measured at 3, 24, 72 and 168 h. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by a radial diffusion method against the microorganisms S. aureus (ATCC 25923), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and C. albicans (ATCC 10231). The zone of microbial growth inhibition was measured after 24 h. The addition of BS and BC increased the solubility of the cement. The pH values demonstrated that all materials produced alkaline levels. At 3 h, BS showed lower pH than WPC (p<0.05). At 168 h, all materials showed similar pHs (p&gt;0.05). The materials did not present antimicrobial activity for S. aureus, P. aeruginosas and E. faecalis (p&gt;0.05). With regards to C. albicans, all materials formed an inhibition zone, mainly the mixture of WPC with ZO (p<0.05). The type of radiopacifier incorporated into WPC interfered with its physical and antimicrobial properties. ZO was found to be a viable radiopacifier that can be used with WPC

Reporting an experience : recovering and recording residues of teaching laboratories of Chemical Institute of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul.

An experience aiming to promote a residue interchange and recovery between the teaching laboratories of the Chemistry Institute of this University is described. At the present, several residues interchange have already appeared as advantageous. To make the work easier, a software has been developed in order to keep a record of all the residues generated by the teaching laboratories. Standard labels have been developed for the residues in order to organize them. The software and the label design are described

EMPREGO DA ABRAÇADEIRA DE NÁILON, DO CATEGUTE E DO EMASCULADOR NA HEMOSTASIA PREVENTIVA DE OVARIECTOMIA EM ÉGUAS

A ovariectomia é empregada na espécie eqüina para incluir o estro, tratar de cistos e tumores ovarianos, melhorar o desempenho do animal e favorecer o convívio em grupo. Nesse procedimento é fundamental realizar a hemostasia preventiva dos vasos que compõem o pedículo ovariano para se evitar o óbito do animal por hemorragia. Avaliou-se, neste estudo, a eficácia da abraçadeira de náilon como método hemostático na ovariectomia em éguas e estimou-se o custo do procedimento, comparado ao uso do categute e do emasculador. Utilizaram-se dezoito fêmeas eqüinas, sem raça definida, clinicamente saudável, com peso variando entre 300 kg a 400 kg e na faixa etária entre três a oito anos. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos de seis animais cada (Fab, Fcg, Fem). No grupo Fab, para realizar a hemostasia do pedículo ovariano, empregou-se a abraçadeira de náilon, no grupo Fcg o fio categute e no grupo Fem o emasculador. Avaliaram-se os resultados através de exames clínicos, hematológicos e possível ocorrência de complicações trans e pós-operatórias. Os três métodos utilizados promoveram hemostasia preventiva satisfatória. No entanto, a abraçadeira de náilon apresentou menor custo, diminuiu o tempo do procedimento cirúrgico e permitiu o não-registro de intercorrências no pós-operatório. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Abraçadeira de náilon, eqüino, hemostasia, ovariectomia, ovário

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