SHORT TERM EFFECTS OF CANNABIS LEGALIZATION IN URUGUAY ON CRIME: AN ANALYSIS USING SYNTHETIC CONTROL

Uruguay is the only country in the world that has adhered to the legalization of marijuana production and distribution nationwide. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the short-term impacts of Uruguayan policy on crime (homicides and robberies) in that country, seeking to contribute to the literature by presenting the first results of this unique situation in the world. To do so, the paper employs the synthetic control methodology whose objective is to create a linear combination of the units of the donor pool, in this case the Brazilian states, mimicking the Uruguayan situation in the absence of the approved legislation. The results show that in spite of the fact that there has not been a trend break with regard to the two types of crime examined; a more exacerbated growth of both rates in the treated unit may have been avoided

THE IMPACT OF THE BOLSA FAMÍLIA PROGRAM ON GDP OF MUNICIPALITIES OF THE STATE OF SERGIPE (BRAZIL): 2004-2012

The objective of the present paper is to observe whether the Bolsa Familia Program (PBF) – a Brazilian conditioned cash transfer program had influence on GDP growth of the municipalities of the state of Sergipe during the years 2004-2012. Its innovative feature lies in the investigation of the macroeconomic impacts of PBF in the state of Sergipe. In this sense, the work is structured in four sections, besides the introduction: in the first one the origins, the contemporary design and the PBF macroeconomic as well as consumption impacts are presented. The second section briefly describes the focused region: the state of Sergipe, which is the smallest Brazilian state, meanwhile the third section presents the data and methodology employed as well as analyses the results of the experiment which does not prove the PBF influence on GDP of the investigated municipalities. Finally, the main conclusions are summarized

Obfuscation of Malicious Behaviors for Thwarting Masquerade Detection Systems Based on Locality Features

In recent years, dynamic user verification has become one of the basic pillars for insider threat detection. From these threats, the research presented in this paper focuses on masquerader attacks, a category of insiders characterized by being intentionally conducted by persons outside the organization that somehow were able to impersonate legitimate users. Consequently, it is assumed that masqueraders are unaware of the protected environment within the targeted organization, so it is expected that they move in a more erratic manner than legitimate users along the compromised systems. This feature makes them susceptible to being discovered by dynamic user verification methods based on user profiling and anomaly-based intrusion detection. However, these approaches are susceptible to evasion through the imitation of the normal legitimate usage of the protected system (mimicry), which is being widely exploited by intruders. In order to contribute to their understanding, as well as anticipating their evolution, the conducted research focuses on the study of mimicry from the standpoint of an uncharted terrain: the masquerade detection based on analyzing locality traits. With this purpose, the problem is widely stated, and a pair of novel obfuscation methods are introduced: locality-based mimicry by action pruning and locality-based mimicry by noise generation. Their modus operandi, effectiveness, and impact are evaluated by a collection of well-known classifiers typically implemented for masquerade detection. The simplicity and effectiveness demonstrated suggest that they entail attack vectors that should be taken into consideration for the proper hardening of real organizations

A mais pura verdade sobre a desonestidade

Dan Ariely é professor de Psicologia e Economia Comportamental na Duke University (Carolina do Norte), membro fundador e diretor do Center for Advanced Hindsight e autor dos livros Previsivelmente Irracional e The Upside of Irrationality, além de diversos artigos científicos publicados nos principais periódicos norte-americanos.Dan Ariely é professor de Psicologia e Economia Comportamental na Duke University (Carolina do Norte), membro fundador e diretor do Center for Advanced Hindsight e autor dos livros Previsivelmente Irracional e The Upside of Irrationality, além de diversos artigos científicos publicados nos principais periódicos norte-americanos

CRONOLOGIA DO HORROR

Cronologia do horror é a reunião de vários escritos, nunca publicados antes, feitos ao longo dos últimos anos a partir de eventos ocorridos no mundo e, em especial, em nosso país. Transmitem a necessidade de colocar palavras no horror quando este, apresentando-se nu e cru, dilacera nossa alma com uma dor insuportável

Libertad de religion en Chile : Colision de derechos en el ambito de su ejercicio.

89 p.El 14 de octubre de 1999 se publicó en el Diario Oficial la ley Nº 19.638, que situó a todas las confesiones religiosas en un plano de igualdad para el ejercicio de la libertad de religión. Según lo establecido en esta ley, todas las confesiones tienen las mismas prerrogativas. Un problema que surge, es la colisión de derechos en el ejercicio de la libertad de religión, en relación con el cual este trabajo pretende determinar la existencia de diferencias entre la legislación y jurisprudencia chilena y española, y si es así, señalar la respuesta dada por dicho ordenamiento jurídico a la problemática de la colisión de derechos en materia de la libertad de religión. Pretendemos vislumbrar las deficiencias y virtudes de la regulación nacional en esta materia

Mathematical equations in physics teaching: An analysis of physics textbooks contents

Neste trabalho se apresenta os resultados da análise dos conteúdos de livros didáticos de Física para o Ensino Médio, na qual se buscou conhecer o tratamento dispensado às equações matemáticas. Com esta finalidade, foram analisadas as obras de Física avaliadas e recomendadas pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) para o Ensino Médio. A Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa de Ausubel e a Teoria dos Campos Conceituais de Vergnaud constituíram os principais referenciais deste estudo. Com base na análise das evidências encontradas, se pode concluir que a maneira como são tratadas as equações matemáticas nos textos didáticos, pode se constituir em obstáculo pedagógico para o aprendizado significativo dos saberes físicos, uma vez que essas equações são de fundamental importância para o ensino da Física.This paper presents the findings of an analysis of physics textbooks contents, especially those recommended by the Brazilian National Textbook Program for secondary education, in which an attempt was made to identify how those textbooks deal with the role of mathematics equations in physics. Ausubel’s meaningful learning theory and Vergnaud’s conceptual fields theory were the main theoretical framework under which the study was carried out. Research findings suggest that the way the equations are dealt in the physics textbooks might work as a pedagogical obstacle to the meaningful learning of the physics knowledge since the equations are extremely important in the teaching of physics