Resistance of Rice Varieties to \u3ci\u3eSitophilus oryzae\u3c/i\u3e (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Abstract Rice, Oryza sativa L. (Poaceae), is one of the world’s most important food crops. Among the insects that damage rice grains, the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is the most important species. The objective of this study was to identify rice varieties with resistance to S. oryzae as measured by grain feeding damage and S. oryzae reproduction. The rice varieties evaluated were obtained from the germplasm bank of the National Center of Research Rice and Beans, Embrapa, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized with 3 replications and 22 treatments (varieties). The varieties Bonança, Esmeralda, and Rio Verde had the antibiosis and/or antixenosis type of resistance, providing high rates of mortality, low rates of adult emergence, and low rates of grain consumption by S. oryzae. The varieties Pepita and Progresso were susceptible, with a high rate of S. oryzae adult emergence and grain consumption. The presence or absence of a fissure in the grain was a major morphological characteristic determining susceptibility or resistance to S. oryzae in rice varieties. Resumo O arroz (Oryza sativa L.; Poaceae) é uma das culturas alimentares mais importantes do mundo. Entre os insetos que danificam os grãos de arroz, o gorgulho do arroz Sitophylus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) é a espécia mais importante. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar variedades de arroz com resistência a S. oryzae. As variedades de arroz avaliadas foram obtidas do banco de germoplasma do Centro Nacional de Pesquisas em Arroz e Feijão, EMBRAPA, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com 3 repetições e 22 tratamentos (variedades). As variedades Bonança, Esmeralda e Rio Verde apresentaram resistência do tipo antibiose e/ou antixenose, tendo altas taxas de mortalidade, baixas taxas de emergência de adultos e baixo consumo de grãos por S. oryzae. As variedades Pepita e Progresso são suscetíveis com alta emergência de adultos e consumo de grãos por S. oryzae. A presença ou ausência de fissuras no grão é uma importante característica morfológica para determinar a susceptibilidade ou resistência a S. oryzae em variedades de arroz

Major Actions of Preventive Measures on Sars-Cov-2: An Updated Vision for Emergency Physicians

Introduction: The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has infected more than 23 million individuals to date and has resulted in more than 800,000 deaths worldwide. The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants requires the urgent development of accurate diagnostic methods, effective treatments, and vaccines. The recommendations are also related to the Expert Consensus for Clinical Management of Covid-19, at the headquarters of the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization (PAHO / WHO) in Brasilia (Brazil). Objective: To gather the main pathophysiological considerations of COVID-19, as well as the actions of investigation, management, and adoption of preventive measures against the complications caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the emergency of hospitals. Methods: This study followed an integrative review model based on the systematic review model. The search for the articles occurred in the databases WHO, PAHO, Ministry of Health, PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument. The risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 58 clinical studies were recruited and submitted to eligibility analysis and, after that, 26 studies were selected, including official public health guidelines and regulations. To the published articles, studies of high to medium quality and with risks of bias were selected that do not compromise the scientific basis of the studies. Based on the main literary findings, as well as the main public health guidelines published in the world, patients with COVID-19 may present respiratory syndromes very similar to the common influenza virus (influenza), being a challenge for early detection during screening. in emergency departments. According to the official health agencies of Brazil (Ministry of Health) and the world (WHO/PAHO) and their regulations, it was defined that the clinical criteria for hospital discharge should take into account the improvement of the clinical picture, the absence of tachydyspnea and hypoxia, the absence of O2 supplementation for at least 24 hours, hemodynamic stability, good oral acceptance and absence of fever

Influência do ponto de contato proximal na crista óssea alveolar em dentes movidos pala locais de extrações dentárias: um estudo piloto

Introduction: The opening of the contact point can happen after orthodontic closure of the site of dental extraction and opened interproximal contacts are considered potential factors for periodontal diseases. Objective: To evaluate the condition of the alveolar bone crest of the interdental site between canines and upper premolars with or without contact points in individuals submitted to orthodontics associated with the extraction of the first premolars. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study selected upper canines and premolars of individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment without extractions (12 hemiarches – control group), or with extraction of the upper first premolars and whose canines and second premolars had interproximal contact (11 hemiarches – group 1) or diastema (15 hemiarches – group 2). The height and the presence of lamina dura in the interproximal bone crest of the distal surfaces of canines and mesial surfaces of premolars were evaluated. Results: Groups 1 and 2 demonstrated the higher and smallest prevailing of the presence of lamina dura, respectively. The control group presented the bone crest positioned more crownly in relation to the others groups. Experimental groups did not present significant differences to the height of bone crest. Conclusion: The orthodontic allocation of teeth to extraction sites was associated with the significant reduction of the height of the marginal bone crest, regardless of the presence or absence of contact point between the teeth. The lack of contact point resulted in a minor prevalence of the continuity of the lamina dura of the alveolar bone crest in these regions.Introdução: A abertura do ponto de contato pode ocorrer após o fechamento ortodôntico do sítio de extração dentária e os contatos interproximais abertos são considerados fatores potenciais para as doenças periodontais. Objetivo: Avaliar a condição da crista óssea alveolar do espaço interdentário entre caninos e pré-molares superiores com ou sem pontos de contato em indivíduos submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico associado à exodontia dos primeiros pré-molares. Material e Métodos: Este estudo transversal observacional selecionou caninos e pré-molares superiores de indivíduos submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico sem extrações (12 hemiarcos – grupo controle), ou com exodontia dos primeiros pré-molares superiores e cujos caninos e segundos pré-molares tiveram contato interproximal (11 hemiarcos – grupo 1) ou diastemas (15 hemiarcos – grupo 2). Foram avaliadas a altura e a presença da lâmina dura na crista óssea interproximal das superfícies distais dos caninos e mesiais dos pré-molares. Resultados: Os grupos 1 e 2 demonstraram a maior e a menor prevalência da presença de lâmina dura, respectivamente. O grupo controle apresentou a crista óssea posicionada mais coronalmente em relação aos demais grupos. Entre os grupos experimentais, não houve diferença significativa para a altura da crista óssea. Conclusão: Neste estudo preliminar, a movimentação ortodôntica dos dentes para os locais de exodontia foi associada à redução significativa da altura da crista óssea marginal, independentemente da presença ou ausência de ponto de contato entre os dentes. A falta de ponto de contato resultou em menor prevalência de continuidade da lâmina dura da crista óssea alveolar nessas regiões

Fratura de agulha - relato de caso

The dental treatment it is not risk free, accidents and complications may be related to several kinds of procedures done by the dentist. Among the specialties the oral and maxillofacial surgery is the one by which the professional is more exposed to find complications. The dental needle conducts the anesthetic solution from the bottle to the surrounding tissue, making a temporary interruption at the transmission of pain impulses. At the first decades of the twentieth century, were used for local anesthesia, rigid and non disposable needle, therefore the incidence of needle fracture were very high during anesthetic block, however with the technological evolution disposable needle made with flexible metal alloy were developed allowing that this kind of complication become rare nowadays, the reasons for this accident vary, may be associated to failures during the industrial fabrication of the needle, to a sudden movement of the patient during the anesthetic puncture, due to professional mistakes, like the insertion of the hole needle into the target tissue, bending of the needle, or the excessive reuse of the needle that cause stress to the metal. This article has the aim of presenting a case of anesthetic needle fracture treated at the service of oral and maxillofacial surgery of the San Antony Hospital from the social works Irmã Dulce.O tratamento odontológico não está isento de riscos. Acidentes e complicações podem estar associados aos vários tipos de procedimentos realizados pelo cirurgião dentista. Dentre as especialidades, a cirurgia bucomaxilofacial é aquela em que o profissional está mais exposto a encontrar complicações. As agulhas anestésicas conduzem a solução anestésica do tubete aos tecidos, levando à interrupção temporária na condução dos impulsos dolorosos. Nas primeiras décadas do século 20, eram utilizadas, para anestesia local, agulhas rígidas e não descartáveis, o que proporcionava uma incidência muito grande de fraturas de agulha durante bloqueios anestésicos. Com a evolução tecnológica, foram desenvolvidas as agulhas descartáveis, fabricadas com aço inoxidável flexível, permitindo, assim, que esse tipo de complicação se tornasse rara. Atualmente, as razões para esse acidente são variadas e podem estar associadas a falhas na fabricação da agulha, a movimentação súbita do paciente durante a punção, ou a erros de técnica profissional, como a inserção de toda a haste da agulha no tecido-alvo, dobra da haste da agulha ou a sua reutilização excessiva, o que provoca a fadiga do metal. Este artigo se propõe a apresentar um relato de caso de fratura de agulha anestésica tratado no serviço de cirurgia e traumatologia bucomaxilofacial do Hospital Santo Antônio das Obras Sociais Irmã Dulce

Sensory and physicochemical characteristics of low sodium salami

The aim of the present study was to develop low sodium salami prepared with pork, low-fat beef and a small quantity of pork back fat (150 g kg−1). Sodium chloride (NaCl) was replaced by potassium chloride (KCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2), and salamis were tasted to obtain low-salt salami with sensory characteristics similar to those found in commercial ones. Salamis were prepared following seven different treatments. Treatments included five different combinations of KCl and CaCl2 which varied from 5 g kg−1 to 10 g kg−1 and two controls containing high (25 g kg−1) and low (10 g kg−1) concentrations of NaCl. The right level of saltiness of each treatment was evaluated on “just-about-right” (JAR) scales and analyzed by Penalty Analysis. The results showed differences in pH and Aw (water activity) due to NaCl reduction. Salt replacement mixtures of KCl/CaCl2 in salamis did not affect this process technologically (slicing, appearance and texture), and the decrease in Na content was approximately 55 %. Although no significant differences were observed in appearance, treatments differed (p ≤ 0.05) in flavor, texture, and overall liking. As regards salt content of salami, consumers considered treatments with low NaCl content and replacers KCl and CaCl2 (% Na) as having an acceptable level of saltiness. However, this replacement produced a strange taste. Thus, the production of low sodium salamis using salt replacers (KCl and CaCl2) or salamis without replacers with a value higher than 1 % of NaCl can be used effectively without compromising major sensorial attributes

Optical mouse acting as biospeckle sensor

In this work we propose some experiments with the use of optical computer mouse, associated to low cost lasers that can be used to perform several measurements with applications in industry and in human health monitoring. The mouse was used to grab the movements produced by speckle pattern changes and to get information through the adaptation of its structure. We measured displacements in wood samples under strain, variations of the diameter of an artery due to heart beat and, through a hardware simulation, the movement of an eye, an experiment that could be of low cost help for communication to severely handicapped motor patients. Those measurements were done in spite of the fact that the CCD sensor of the mice is monolithically included into an integrated circuit so that the raw image cannot be accessed. If, as was the case with primitive optical mouse, that signal could be accessed, the quality and usefulness of the measurements could be significantly increased. As it was not possible, a webcam sensor was used for measuring the drying of paint, a standard phenomenon for testing biospeckle techniques, in order to prove the usefulness of the mouse design. The results showed that the use of the mouse associated to a laser pointer could be the way to get metrological information from many phenomena involving the whole field spatial displacement, as well as the use of the mouse as in its prime version allowed to get images of the speckle patterns and to analyze them.Centro de Investigaciones Óptica

Resistance in Rice to \u3ci\u3eTibraca limbativentris\u3c/i\u3e (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Influenced by Plant Silicon Content

Tibraca limbativentris Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a major pest causing economic losses to rice cultivation in Brazil. The objectives of this work were to assess different sources of silicon in the induction of plant resistance, to examine the interaction of rice varieties with silicon-based resistance, and to determine the effects of varieties and silicon on stink bug biology. The interaction of rice cultivars BRS Esmeralda, IRGA 429 (widely cultivated in Brazil), and Canela de Ferro (a resistant cultivar), and 2 sources of silicon (K silicate, and Ca + Mg silicate) were studied. Plant parameters measured were percentage of damaged stems, chlorophyll content at 50 and 65 d after emergence, and silicon content. Insect biological parameters measured were the number of live insects, total dry mass, individual insect dry mass, total body surface area, and individual insect body surface area. The interaction between BRS Esmeralda with K silicate and Ca + Mg silicate provided greater plant silicon content and resulted in a lower level of stink bug–damaged stems. These results show that it is possible to increase resistance in rice plants susceptible to T. limbativentris by increasing silicon content. Tibraca limbativentris Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) es una plaga importante que causa pérdidas económicas al cultivo de arroz en Brasil. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la interacción de variedades de arroz con diferentes niveles de resistencia y fuentes de silicio en la inducción de la resistencia de las plantas y el efecto sobre la biología de los chinches. Se estudió la interacción de los cultivares de arroz BRS Esmeralda, IRGA 429 (ampliamente cultivado en Brasil), y Canela de Ferro (Resistente), y 2 fuentes de silicio (silicato de K y silicato de Ca + Mg). Los parámetros de la planta medidos fueron: el porcentaje de tallos dañados, el contenido de clorofila a los 50 y 65 días después de la emergencia y el contenido de Si. Los parámetros biológicos de insectos medidos fueron: el número de insectos vivos, la masa seca total, la masa seca de insecto individual, la superficie corporal total y la superficie corporal de insectos individual. La interacción entre BRS Esmeralda con silicato K y silicato de Ca + Mg proporcionó más contenido de silicio vegetal y resultó en un menor porcentaje de tallos dañados por el chinche hedionda. Las variedades de arroz con diferentes niveles de resistencia y el aumento del contenido de silicio en la planta es una opción prometedora en el control de T. limbativentris. Estos resultados muestran que es posible aumentar la resistencia en las plantas de arroz susceptibles a T. limbativentris al aumentar el contenido de silicio

FHP NURSES AND THE PREVENTION OF CERVIX CANCER

ABSTRACT: Objective: To describe actuation of nurses in prevent cancer of the cervix. Methods: search descriptive, with exploratory qualitative approach, held through bibliographic survey in the VHL, with the data base: LILACS, BDENF and SciELO, also in Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia and a Monograph. They were selected 10 bibliographies, that after reading and analysis emerged 03 categories. Results: We noticed that in practice it is important to educational participation across multidisciplinary team, and is aiming to jointly work to prevent, which is the foundation of the family health program. The consultation of nursing provides the nurse condition to act in a direct and independent with user facilitating accession therapy, featuring their professional autonomy. The difficulties were reported. Conclusion: the nurse depends not only on itself to meet the programs of health, must be supported by a multidisciplinary team, government and society, and they try dribbler difficulties, upgrading, is approaching the user, seeking perform an education will preventive in its UBS. In regard to relation nurse / client, based on dialogue, orientation, planning actions, nurturing health Descriptors: Nurse, FHP, Prevention, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms and Vaginal Smears.RESUMO: Objetivo: descrever atuação dos enfermeiros na prevenção do câncer do colo do útero. Metodologia: pesquisa descritiva, exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, realizada através de levantamento bibliográfico na BVS, tendo como base de dados: LILACS, BDENF e SciELO e também na Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia. Foram selecionadas 09 bibliografias, que após a leitura e análise emergiram 03 categorias. Resultados: Observamos que, na prática educativa é importante a participação de toda equipe multidisciplinar, e que esteja voltada conjuntamente para trabalhar em prol da prevenção, que é a base do programa saúde da família. A consulta de enfermagem proporciona ao enfermeiro condições para atuar de forma direta e independente com o usuário facilitando a adesão terapêutica, caracterizando sua autonomia profissional. As dificuldades existentes foram relatadas. Conclusão: o enfermeiro não depende apenas de si mesmo para cumprir os programas de saúde, tem que existir apoio de uma equipe multidisciplinar, Governo e sociedade, cabendo aos mesmos tentar driblar as dificuldades, atualizando, se aproximando do usuário, buscando realizar uma educação preventiva na sua UBS. Já no que diz respeito à relação enfermeiro/cliente, baseia-se no diálogo, orientação, planejando ações visando promover saúde. Descritores: Enfermeira, PSF, Prevenção, Neoplasia de colo de uterino e Papanicolaou

Uma investigação sobre a percepção de professores com relação ao ensino remoto emergencial de Matemática

Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de identificar aspectos das práticas de ensino de professores que lecionaram Matemática durante certo período da pandemia da COVID-19, particularmente os recursos e as dinâmicas utilizados no ensino remoto emergencial, bem como investigar as percepções desses professores sobre os aspectos positivos e negativos dessa utilização. Para isso, elaborou-se um questionário online que foi respondido por cem professores. A partir da análise qualitativa dos dados, inspirada na análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin, concluiu-se, dentre outros, que: os professores utilizaram diferentes estratégias para se aproximar dos alunos, mesmo que remotamente; o acesso às atividades e aulas não foi uniforme pelos alunos; metodologias próprias do ensino híbrido foram utilizadas e houve a percepção, por parte dos docentes, da necessidade de formação continuada referente a tecnologias digitais. Dessa forma, a maioria dos participantes reconheceu a importância do uso de recursos e dinâmicas do ensino remoto emergencial no retorno do ensino presencial