CH2D+, the Search for the Holy Grail

CH2D+, the singly deuterated counterpart of CH3+, offers an alternative way to mediate formation of deuterated species at temperatures of several tens of K, as compared to the release of deuterated species from grains. We report a longstanding observational search for this molecular ion, whose rotational spectroscopy is not yet completely secure. We summarize the main spectroscopic properties of this molecule and discuss the chemical network leading to the formation of CH2D+, with explicit account of the ortho/para forms of H2, H3+ and CH3+. Astrochemical models support the presence of this molecular ion in moderately warm environments at a marginal level.Comment: 25 pages, 6 Figures Accepted in Journal of Physical Chemistry A. "Oka Festschrift: Celebrating 45 years of Astrochemistry

Nitrogen isotopic ratios in Barnard 1: a consistent study of the N2H+, NH3, CN, HCN and HNC isotopologues

The 15N isotopologue abundance ratio measured today in different bodies of the solar system is thought to be connected to 15N-fractionation effects that would have occured in the protosolar nebula. The present study aims at putting constraints on the degree of 15N-fractionation that occurs during the prestellar phase, through observations of D, 13C and 15N-substituted isotopologues towards B1b. Both molecules from the nitrogen hydride family, i.e. N2H+ and NH3, and from the nitrile family, i.e. HCN, HNC and CN, are considered in the analysis. As a first step, we model the continuum emission in order to derive the physical structure of the cloud, i.e. gas temperature and H2 density. These parameters are subsequently used as an input in a non-local radiative transfer model to infer the radial abundances profiles of the various molecules. Our modeling shows that all the molecules are affected by depletion onto dust grains, in the region that encompasses the B1-bS and B1-bN cores. While high levels of deuterium fractionation are derived, we conclude that no fractionation occurs in the case of the nitrogen chemistry. Independently of the chemical family, the molecular abundances are consistent with 14N/15N~300, a value representative of the elemental atomic abundances of the parental gas. The inefficiency of the 15N-fractionation effects in the B1b region can be linked to the relatively high gas temperature ~17K which is representative of the innermost part of the cloud. Since this region shows signs of depletion onto dust grains, we can not exclude the possibility that the molecules were previously enriched in 15N, earlier in the B1b history, and that such an enrichment could have been incorporated into the ice mantles. It is thus necessary to repeat this kind of study in colder sources to test such a possibility.Comment: accepted in A&

Merging fragments of classical logic

We investigate the possibility of extending the non-functionally complete logic of a collection of Boolean connectives by the addition of further Boolean connectives that make the resulting set of connectives functionally complete. More precisely, we will be interested in checking whether an axiomatization for Classical Propositional Logic may be produced by merging Hilbert-style calculi for two disjoint incomplete fragments of it. We will prove that the answer to that problem is a negative one, unless one of the components includes only top-like connectives.Comment: submitted to FroCoS 201

Efektifitas Kirinyuh (Chromolaena Odorata L.) terhadap Keragaman Hama dan Musuh Alami pada Tumpangsari Tanaman Jagung dan Kedelai

Sistem tumpangsari telah banyak diketahui bahwa produksi tanaman secara keseluruhan memberikan hasil yang lebih tinggi apabila kombinasi tanaman yang diusahakan dilakukan dengan tepat. Tanaman Chromolaena odorata L. mempunyai senyawa metabolit sekunder, flavononas, flavonas, khalkones, tannin asam aromatik dan minyak esensial. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh kirinyuh sebagai tanaman sela terhadap perkembangan hama dan musuh alami kedelai dan jagung pada sistem tumpangsari. Percobaan yang digunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) satu faktor yaitu C0 (Kedelai X Jagung (kontrol); C1 (3 tanaman C. odorata X Kedelai X Jagung); C2 (6 tanaman C. odorata X Kedelai X Jagung); C3 (9 tanaman C. odorata X Kedelai X Jagung) dan C4 (12 tanaman C. odorata X Kedelai X Jagung), Semua perlakuan diulang tiga kali sehingga didapat 15 kombinasi perlakuan. Data dianalisa dengan sidik ragam (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian, Indeks keragaman tertinggi yaitu 2.50 terdapat di C0, dan indeks keragaman terendah yaitu 2.28 terdapat pada C1, penanaman tanaman kirinyuh di sela-sela tanaman jagung dan kedelai membuat agroekosistem sangat cocok bagi musuh alami untuk bernaung sehingga keberadaan musuh alami lebih meningkat bila dibandingkan dengan hama, C1 tingkat kerusakan tanaman jagung yang minimum yaitu 3.03 %, C1 menghasilkan jumlah polong kedelai maksimum 79.77 buah dan berat biji maksimum 20.21 g, C1 menghasilkan berat tongkol maksimum 753.3 g dan berat biji maksimum 586.7 g

Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Berbasis Economic Value Added (Eva) Pada PT. Bank Sulutgo

The purpose of this study is to find out how much Economic Value Addedgenerated by PT. Bank SULUTGO in 2014-2016. It is known that PT. Bank SULUTGOis a regional bank of North Sulawesi and Gorontalo which owns shares from variousregions and several companies. It is known that the capital annually PT. BankSULUTGO in 2014-2016 always increases. But with the increase in capital whether ithas made the company able to improve the performance of the company or increase therevenue of the company so as to be able to distribute the fair share of the results to theshareholders of the company. The purpose of this study is "Financial PerformanceAnalysis Based on Economic Value Added at PT. Bank SULUTGO". Financialperformance is needed by the company to evaluate the performance or as a foundationof the company to improve the company\u27s performance. Financial performanceaccording to Ikatan Akuntansi Indonesia (2007) is the determination of the company\u27sability to manage and control its own resources. While EVA is an effectivecommunication tool for value creation that can be reached by line managers thatultimately drive company performance and to connect with capital markets (Young andO\u27Bryne, 2001). The research method used is quantitative descriptive method by usinganalysis tools in the form of Economic Value added to calculate NOPAT, InvestedCapital, WACC, Capital Charges and EVA. Based on the results of research EVAanalysis at PT. Bank SULUTGO 2014-2016 year turned out to fluctuate because EVAcompanies every year down and up. Nevertheless PT. Bank SULUTGO turned out tohave created a positive value in the company in 2014-2016. In 2014 the company is ableto create EVA of Rp. 97,596 (in millions of rupiah), but in 2015 the company\u27s EVAdecreased by 26.08% to Rp. 72,140 (in millions of rupiah) and in 2016 again increasedby 34.01% to Rp. 96,680 (in millions of rupiah). Thus the management has been able tocreate a positive value on the company well and shareholders can entrust theirinvestment to the company

Cardiac Tamponade Secondary to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Pericarditis

As pericardites bacterianas, apesar da sua baixa incidência e das terapêuticas actuais, apresentam um prognóstico desfavorável, sobretudo quando causadas por Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente (MRSA). O Tamponamento cardíaco é uma complicação potencialmente letal nos doentes com pericardites por este agente. Numa Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos, para além da imunossupressão, constituem factores predisponentes para este tipo de infecção, a elevada taxa de colonização nasal e cutânea, assim como a utilização de técnicas invasivas (1) entre as quais a simples colocação de catéteres intravenosos. Relatam-se dois casos clínicos de tamponamento cardíaco em doentes jovens, no contexto de imunossupressão de diferentes etiologias (infecção HIV e pós transplante hepático). Os internamentos foram complicados de quadros sépticos importantes com isolamento de MRSA nos líquidos biológicos e desenvolvimento de pericardite bacteriana e subsequente tamponamento cardíaco. Os autores salientam a importância dos quadros clínicos infecciosos em doentes imunodeprimidos, que constituem uma população cada vez mais numerosa, e a importância da monitorização ecocardiográfica na evolução prognóstica das pericardites bacterianas no contexto de sépsis

Quantum Bose and Fermi gases with large negative scattering length in the 2-body S-matrix approximation

We study both Bose and Fermi gases at finite temperature and density in an approximation that sums an infinite number of many body processes that are reducible to 2-body scatterings. This is done for arbitrary negative scattering length, which interpolates between the ideal and unitary gas limits. In the unitary limit, we compute the first four virial coefficients within our approximation. The second virial coefficient is exact, and we extend the previously known result for fermions to bosons, and also for both bosons and fermions for the upper branch on the other side of unitarity (infinitely large positive scattering length). Assuming bosons can exist in a meta-stable state before undergoing mechanical collapse, we map out the critical temperatures for strongly coupled Bose-Einstein condensation as a function of scattering length.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures. Version 2: 1 additional reference (only change

Bleaching Response of Coral Species in the Context of Assemblage Response

Caribbean coral reefs are declining due to a mosaic of local and global stresses, including climate change-induced thermal stress. Species and assemblage responses differ due to factors that are not easily identifiable or quantifiable. We calculated a novel species-specific metric of coral bleaching response, taxon-α and -β, which relates the response of a species to that of its assemblages for 16 species over 18 assemblages. By contextualizing species responses within the response of their assemblages, the effects of environmental factors are removed and intrinsic differences among taxa are revealed. Most corals experience either a saturation response, overly sensitive to weak stress (α \u3e 0) but under-responsive compared to assemblage bleaching (β \u3c 1), or a threshold response, insensitive to weak stress (α \u3c 0) but over-responsive compared to assemblage bleaching (β \u3e 1). This metric may help reveal key factors of bleaching susceptibility and identify species as targets for conservation

Some inequalities for the Tutte polynomial

We prove that the Tutte polynomial of a coloopless paving matroid is convex along the portions of the line segments x+y=p lying in the positive quadrant. Every coloopless paving matroids is in the class of matroids which contain two disjoint bases or whose ground set is the union of two bases of M*. For this latter class we give a proof that T_M(a,a) <= max {T_M(2a,0), T_M(0,2a)} for a >= 2. We conjecture that T_M(1,1) <= max {T_M(2,0), T_M(0,2)} for the same class of matroids. We also prove this conjecture for some families of graphs and matroids.Comment: 17 page