“DO CÉU AO INFERNO”: A HISTÓRIA DE BAIANO NO BOCA JUNIORS E OS RACISMOS NO FUTEBOL

Neste artigo, o tema do racismo no futebol é retomado à luz das experiências do futebolista Dermival Lima, conhecido como Baiano. Quando estava no Boca Juniors aconteceu o episódio de racismo no futebol sul-americano, envolvendo o jogador brasileiro Grafite e o argentino Desábato, o qual trouxe consequências para a vida profissional de Baiano na Argentina. Utilizamos como fontes tanto jornais da época quanto uma entrevista realizada com esse jogador brasileiro, bem como literatura acadêmica. Entende-se que a história de Baiano permite ver e analisar como o racismo se faz presente no futebol e como se manifesta nas relações entre os jogadores.

The Astropy Problem

The Astropy Project (http://astropy.org) is, in its own words, "a community effort to develop a single core package for Astronomy in Python and foster interoperability between Python astronomy packages." For five years this project has been managed, written, and operated as a grassroots, self-organized, almost entirely volunteer effort while the software is used by the majority of the astronomical community. Despite this, the project has always been and remains to this day effectively unfunded. Further, contributors receive little or no formal recognition for creating and supporting what is now critical software. This paper explores the problem in detail, outlines possible solutions to correct this, and presents a few suggestions on how to address the sustainability of general purpose astronomical software

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

On and off of foreign pitches: oral life stories of black Brazilian footballers in the European continent

Esta pesquisa propõe um estudo sobre o fenômeno do racismo e da xenofobia na Europa através de levantamento bibliográfico, fontes diversas e, principalmente, histórias orais de vida de alguns futebolistas brasileiros negros que atuaram no continente europeu a partir da década de 1960. O conjunto de procedimentos adotados é o da história oral, mais especificamente aquele praticado pelo Núcleo de Estudos em História Oral da Universidade de São Paulo. Constituí documentos inéditos, em cujos textos estão expressas as experiências e as memórias da comunidade de destino. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi relacionar o problema da negritude no futebol em vista de um contexto social mais amplo, o qual tem como pano de fundo a globalização e as migrações internacionais. A tese está dividida em três partes. Na primeira, intitulada de História do projeto, introduzo a pesquisa, apresento os conceitos fundamentais, coloco o tema em perspectiva histórica, justifico a escolha pela história oral, exponho os procedimentos adotados e relato as minhas experiências de entrevista com personalidades futebolísticas. Na segunda, Histórias orais de vida, apresento cinco histórias de vida que abrangem as décadas de 1980 a 2000 e narram as experiências vividas pelos futebolistas nas principais ligas europeias e na vida social nos respectivos países. Na terceira e última parte, Memória coletiva seleciono temas recorrentes nas narrativas, os quais dizem respeito à própria trajetória de vida e profissional, ao movimento migratório e, por fim, ao racismo e à xenofobia. Há um jeito brasileiro de lidar com a questão? Esta é a pergunta que procuro responder nas considerações finais.This research is a study of racism and xenophobia in the European society through literature review, various sources and, primarily, oral life stories from some black Brazilian footballers that played in the European continent from the 1960s onwards. The methodology used is oral history, more specificaly that which is practiced by the Centre for Studies in Oral History of the University of São Paulo (Núcleo de Estudos em História Oral da Universidade de São Paulo). I have composed unpublished documents in which experiences and memoirs of the destiny community are expressed. The researchs overall objective was to discuss the black footballers issue within a broader social context, having globalisation and international migration as background. The thesis consists of three parts. In the first one, entitled The projects history, I introduce the research, present the core concepts, put the theme in historical perspective, justify my choice for using oral history, explain the methodology and report on my experiences interviewing football personalities. In the second, Oral life stories, I present five life stories spanning from the 1980s to the 2000s and narrate the footballers experiences in the main European leagues and their social lives in their respective countries. In the third and last part, Collective memory, I pick up recurring themes in those narratives, which relate to the footballer\'s life and career, migration, racism and xenophobia. Is there a Brazilian way to deal with the issue? This is the question I try to answer in the final considerations

Beyond the fields: oral life history of black players in brazilian soccer (1970-2010)

Esta dissertação propõe um estudo sobre a questão racial no futebol brasileiro atual a partir das histórias orais de vida de alguns negros que atuaram entre 1970 e 2010. O texto é dividido em três partes: na primeira, é apresentada a história do projeto, com destaque para as discussões teóricas e metodológicas; na segunda, são expostas sete narrativas correspondentes às redes de jogadores, treinadores, árbitros, dirigentes, torcedores, jornalistas e intelectuais; na terceira, são encaminhadas interpretações levando-se em consideração o conjunto dos documentos orais constituídos. Nesta última parte, são explicitados eixos temáticos que buscam articular as experiências individuais com as coletivas e traçar as especificidades de cada profissão abordada. Almeja-se, desta maneira, contribuir para o debate acadêmico com a incorporação dos discursos destes negros e a reflexão sobre as relações raciais no Brasil tomando por base as experiências e as memórias destas pessoas em nosso futebol.This thesis proposes a study on the racial issues within the current Brazilian football scene from the oral life stories of some black men that played between 1970 and 2010. The text is composed of three parts: the first one presents the history of the project, highlighting theoretical and methodological discussions; the second one shows seven narratives corresponding to the webs of: football players, coaches, referees, directors of football clubs, fans, journalists and intellectuals; the third one develops interpretations taking into account the set of oral documents obtained. This last part reveals thematic axes that seek to articulate individual experiences with the collective ones and to delineate the specifics of each considered occupation. The aim is to contribute to the academic debate by absorbing these black men speeches and by reflecting on the racial relations in Brazil, having as a starting point the experiences and memories of such people in our football

Pancreatic surgery outcomes: multicentre prospective snapshot study in 67 countries

Background: Pancreatic surgery remains associated with high morbidity rates. Although postoperative mortality appears to have improved with specialization, the outcomes reported in the literature reflect the activity of highly specialized centres. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes following pancreatic surgery worldwide.Methods: This was an international, prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional snapshot study of consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic operations worldwide in a 3-month interval in 2021. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality within 90 days of surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships with Human Development Index (HDI) and other parameters.Results: A total of 4223 patients from 67 countries were analysed. A complication of any severity was detected in 68.7 percent of patients (2901 of 4223). Major complication rates (Clavien-Dindo grade at least IIIa) were 24, 18, and 27 percent, and mortality rates were 10, 5, and 5 per cent in low-to-middle-, high-, and very high-HDI countries respectively. The 90-day postoperative mortality rate was 5.4 per cent (229 of 4223) overall, but was significantly higher in the low-to-middle-HDI group (adjusted OR 2.88, 95 per cent c.i. 1.80 to 4.48). The overall failure-to-rescue rate was 21 percent; however, it was 41 per cent in low-to-middle-compared with 19 per cent in very high-HDI countries.Conclusion: Excess mortality in low-to-middle-HDI countries could be attributable to failure to rescue of patients from severe complications. The authors call for a collaborative response from international and regional associations of pancreatic surgeons to address management related to death from postoperative complications to tackle the global disparities in the outcomes of pancreatic surgery (NCT04652271; ISRCTN95140761)