Decision-making in the management of an incomplete urethral duplication in a young male

This is a case report of a 27-year-old Mexican man complaining of a double urethral meatus located at the tip of the glans. Material and methods: An exhaustive physical examination was performed together with an intravenous excretory urography and retrograde urethrogram in order to evaluate the case properly. Results: The patient presented an incomplete urethral duplication type 1B according to Effmann’s classification. Conclusion: The lack of symptoms as well as the absence of significant clinical or functional repercussion in the patient led us to recommend therapeutic abstention for the time being

Social and economic factors of chile de agua (Capsicum Annum L.) in three municipalities of the Central Valley in Oaxaca

This issue was carried out in the municipalities of San Pablo Huixtepec, San Sebastián Abasolo and Culiapan of Guerrero as part of the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. We studied the production system of Agua Chile, using the technique of structured interview,information was obtained that allowed us to determine and meet the current models of socio-economic benefits in the form of productionof this vegetable. The importance of this study is that the chile de agua despite being a highly profitable crop has been little studied, so it is not known the extent that can have, there are markets that offer potentially greater benefits to farmers, therefore it is important to know the current situation of farmers in order to provide alternatives to improve their economic situation. The results indicate that according to the practices of peasant production and the low level of technology that includes the type of fertilizers, agrochemicals to combat pests and diseases and low use of agricultural machinery, yields of 3.97 t ha-1 allow total revenues are higher than the costs of production. Besides the existence of limited marketing networks (primarily in local markets and in the Oaxaca city), is a competitive crop in terms of profitability for finance of small production units and furthermore, it is growing factor relevant food security of farming families

Cuarentena por COVID-19, factor asociado al consumo de drogas legales en estudiantes de enfermería

Introducción: en la pandemia por COVID-19 se han implementado políticas de salud poco usuales como la cuarentena en la población, modificando entornos sociales, laborales y escolares siendo los jóvenes los más afectados ya que no todos estaban preparados para acatar esas indicaciones, generando estrés o ansiedad, afecciones que generalmente son remediadas por el consumo de drogas psicoactivas como alcohol y tabaco. Objetivo: determinar si la cuarentena por COVID-19, es un factor de consumo de drogas legales en estudiantes de Enfermería. Método: investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva, correlacional, prospectiva y trasversal, en una muestra de 266 estudiantes de la Licenciatura de Enfermería de la Región Orizaba de la Universidad Veracruzana, con muestreo no probabilístico por cuota. Se aplicó el AUDIT y ASSIST de la OMS. Resultados: 86.1% posee conocimiento alto sobre COVID-19, 63.5% ingirió alcohol en la vida, 30.8% toma de 1 a 2 copas y 93.3% nunca perdió la noción de lo que sucedía. Por otro lado, 59.0% probó tabaco, 16.2% consumieron 1 o 2 veces en tres meses y 100% negó padecer problemas por este hábito. Conclusión: 20.4% son hombres y 79.6% mujeres de distintas edades y semestres, 92.5% no tuvo COVID-19, 53.0% son consumidores ocasionales de alcohol y 29.5% fuman con riesgo bajo, en aquellas personas que tuvieron resultados bajos de conocimiento de COVID-19, aumentó el uso de alcohol (rs= -.121, p <0.05), para el uso de tabaco no hubo cambios; los resultados se contraponen con otros autores.   Introduction: during the COVID-19 pandemic, unusual health policies such as quarantine have been implemented in the population, modifying social, work and school environments, with young people being the most affected since not all of them were prepared to comply with these indications, generating stress or anxiety, conditions that are generally remedied by the consumption of psychoactive drugs such as alcohol and tobacco. Objective: to determine whether COVID-19 quarantine is a factor in the consumption of legal drugs in nursing students. Method: quantitative, descriptive, correlational, prospective and transversal research, in a sample of 266 students of the Nursing Degree of the Orizaba Region of the Universidad Veracruzana, with non-probabilistic sampling by quota. The AUDIT and ASSIST of the WHO were applied. Results: 86.1% had a high knowledge of COVID-19, 63.5% had ingested alcohol in their lifetime, 30.8% had 1 to 2 drinks and 93.3% had never lost track of what was happening. On the other hand, 59.0% tried tobacco, 16.2% consumed 1 or 2 times in three months and 100% denied suffering problems due to this habit. Conclusion: 20.4% are men and 79.6% women of different ages and semesters, 92.5% did not have COVID-19, 53.0% are occasional alcohol consumers and 29.5% smoke with low risk, in those people who had low COVID-19 knowledge results, alcohol use increased (rs= -.121, p <0.05), for tobacco use there were no changes; the results are in contrast with other authors

The upshot of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on nursing assistants: evaluating mental health indicators in Huelva

Healthcare professionals who work in front-line situations are among those under the highest risk of presenting negative mental health indicators. We sought to assess the prevalence of low personal realization, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization as well as probable non-psychotic psychiatric pathologies during the pandemic in nursing assistants in the city of Huelva (Spain), and to study the association between these mental health indicators and sociodemographic and professional variables. A cross-sectional descriptive investigation with a quantitative approach was used. A representative sample of these professionals, consisting of 29 men and 284 women, completed the GHQ-12 questionnaire, including sociodemographic data and the MBI-HSS questionnaire, collecting information on situations of contact with SARS-CoV-2. Data analysis was conducted, and correlations were established. We found that emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and probable non-psychotic, psychiatric pathologies were related to contact with SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, personal realization, depersonalization and emotional exhaustion were related to just gender. We conclude that nursing assistants from public hospitals in the city of Huelva who had contact with patients with SARS-CoV-2 in the workplace, showed poor mental health indicators than those who did not come into contact with infected individuals.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ansiedad, depresión y estrés en prestadores de servicios de salud ante el COVID-19

Introduction: in December 2019, in the province of Wuhan China, the outbreak of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus causing COVID-19 infection started. Europe and the United States presented an excessive demand in health services, putting at risk the physical and mental health of health care providers, based on this background, before the registration of cases in Mexico, it is necessary to evaluate the possible presence of anxiety, depression and stress in health care providers of the first level of care, which is the first line in the face of COVID-19. Objective: to determine the level of anxiety, depression and stress in health personnel of the Sanitary Jurisdiction VII of Orizaba during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study applying the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 survey to 234 participants, respecting the national healthy distance day, recommended by the authorities, Google Forms was used to collect the information, in a stratified probabilistic sample of the first level of care personnel, doctor, nurse, dentist and health promoter in the period October-December 2020. Results: the population consisted of 59.8% women and 40.2% men, 34.6% of whom were physicians, nursing staff (47.9%), dentistry (9.4%) and health promoters (8.1%). The 76.5% did not present anxiety, while 80.3% were classified without depression and 82.5% without stress. Conclusion: The health professionals of Health Jurisdiction VII of Orizaba showed extremely severe and moderate anxiety in small percentages, as well as mild and moderate levels of depression. Regarding stress, it was concluded that the most frequent levels presented were mild and moderate. Therefore, although the majority expressed not having severe symptoms, it is necessary to intervene in the population to maintain the levels and to work on the areas of opportunity to constantly evaluate the health care providers.Introducción: En diciembre del año 2019 inició el brote por el nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causante de la infección COVID-19. Europa y Estados Unidos presentaron una demanda excesiva en los servicios de salud, poniendo en riesgo la salud física y mental del personal médico, con base en esos antecedentes en México, es necesario evaluar la posible presencia de ansiedad, depresión y estrés en los prestadores de servicios de salud de primer nivel de atención. Objetivo: determinar el nivel de ansiedad, depresión y estrés en el personal de salud de la Jurisdicción Sanitaria VII de Orizaba en el periodo de pandemia por COVID-19. Método: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, con una muestra probabilística estratificada del personal de primer nivel de atención, médico, enfermera, odontólogo y promotor de salud de 234 participantes, se utilizó la encuesta Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 en el período de octubre-diciembre 2020. Resultados: La población estuvo conformada por el 59.8% mujeres y 40.2%, hombres, el 34.6% con categoría de médicos, personal de enfermería (47.9%), odontología (9.4%) y promotores de salud (8.1%). El 76.5%, no presentó ansiedad, mientras que el 80.3% clasificó sin depresión y 82.5% sin estrés. Conclusión: Los profesionales de salud demostraron tener ansiedad extremadamente severa y moderada en pequeños porcentajes al igual que la depresión que la padecen en niveles leve y moderado. Respecto a el estrés se concluyó que los niveles presentados más frecuentes fueron leve y moderado

Self-perception of self-care capabilities for the prevention of noncommunicable diseases in university students

Introducción: actualmente las enfermedades no transmisibles son una de las principales problemáticas de salud de América Latina debido a su alta tasa de mortalidad, en México, la morbilidad de éstas va en aumento en la población más joven, por esta razón la autopercepción de autocuidado juega un papel importante en la prevención puesto que, los universitarios tienden a cambiar sus hábitos diarios al ingresar a la universidad. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de autopercepción de la capacidad de autocuidado para la prevención de las enfermedades no transmisibles en estudiantes de la facultad de enfermería de la Universidad Veracruzana. Estrategias metodológicas: investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva, prospectiva, transversal y no experimental en una muestra de 195 estudiantes, con muestreo no probabilístico por cuota, utilizando el cuestionario conductas de autocuidado, el análisis de datos se realizó a través del paquete estadístico SPSS. Resultados: la autopercepción de autocuidado en el 95.9% fue muy buena y buena, el 85.6% tuvo un nivel de conocimiento bueno de exámenes de salud preventivos. Conclusión: el 56.9% posee un peso normal, respecto a la actividad física el 43.6% no la realiza por falta de tiempo, un 93.8% no consume drogas, en cuanto a exámenes preventivos el 62.6% los lleva a cabo.Introduction: currently, non-communicable diseases are one of the main health problems in Latin America due to their high mortality rate; in Mexico, morbidity of these diseases is increasing in the younger population. For this reason, self-care self-perception plays an important role in prevention since university students tend to change their daily habits when they enter university. Objective: To determine the level of self-perception of self-care capacity for the prevention of non-communicable diseases in students of the nursing faculty of the Universidad Veracruzana. Methodological strategies: quantitative, descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional, and non-experimental research in a sample of 195 students, with non-probabilistic sampling by quota, using the self-care behaviors questionnaire; data analysis was performed through the SPSS statistical package. Results: the self-perception of self-care in 95.9% was very good and good, 85.6% had a good level of knowledge of preventive health examinations. Conclusion: 56.9% had a normal weight, 43.6% did not engage in physical activity due to lack of time, 93.8% did not use drugs, and 62.6% underwent preventive examinations

Causas de extracción dental en un centro de salud de la sierra de Zongolica

Introduction: the extraction of dental organs is one of the procedures that is most frequently performed in a dentistry office, several factors influence this to happen, it has been shown that tooth decay and periodontal diseases are the main causes of tooth loss. The procedure consists of separating the dental alveolus joint, which is made up of the gum, bone, tooth and periodontium, tearing the periodontium in its entirety. Objective: determine the causes of extraction of dental organs in the Dentistry service of a Health Center of the Sierra de Zongolica, in the period January 2015 to December 2019. Methodological strategies: descriptive and cross-sectional quantitative study, which included the extractions of dental organs that were carried out by the Dentistry service in a Health Center of the Sierra de Zongolica that belongs to the municipality of Astacinga. Results. 599 extractions were performed, 236 primary and 363 permanent in 483 users of which 305 were women, which represented 63.1%. Discussion: oral health as an integral part of general health is still far away, curative activity continues to be prioritized in the place of preventive activities, in the results it can be observed that people arrive late to a dental consultation with the diagnosis of retained tooth root. Conclusion: the first lower molars in the permanent dentition were the most affected while the upper anterior central incisors in the primary organs.Introducción: la extracción de órganos dentarios es uno de los procedimientos que se realiza con mayor frecuencia en un consultorio de Odontología, varios factores influyen en que esto suceda, se ha demostrado que la caries dental y enfermedades periodontales son las principales causas de pérdida de dientes. El procedimiento consiste en separar la articulación alveolo dentaria que está formada por encía, hueso, diente y periodonto desgarrando el periodonto en su totalidad. Objetivo: determinar las causas de extracción de órganos dentales en el servicio de Odontología de un Centro de Salud de la Sierra de Zongolica, en el periodo enero 2015 diciembre 2019. Estrategias metodológicas: estudio cuantitativo descriptivo y trasversal, que incluyó las extracciones de órganos dentales que se realizaron por el servicio de Odontología en un Centro de Salud de la Sierra de Zongolica que pertenece al municipio de Astacinga. Resultados: se realizaron 599 extracciones, 236 primarios y 363 permanentes en 483 usuarios de las que 305 fueron mujeres lo que representó el 63.1%. Discusión: la salud bucal como parte integral de la salud general aún se encuentra lejos, se sigue priorizando la actividad curativa en lugar de actividades preventivas, en los resultados se puede observar que las personas llegan tardíamente a consulta odontológica con el diagnóstico de raíz dental retenida. Conclusión: los primeros molares inferiores en la dentición permanente fueron los más afectado mientras que los incisivos centrales anteriores superiores en los órganos primarios

Pros percibidos, creencias y conocimientos del consumo de alcohol en estudiantes de enfermería: enfoque cualitativo

Introduction: The pros are considered as the value that an individual gives to beliefs, perceptions or positive consequences about the benefits of developing a behavior, in this case, alcohol consumption, especially if the individual's knowledge about this action is deficient. Objective: To analyze the perceived pros, beliefs and knowledge of alcohol consumption in nursing students. Methods: Qualitative study of focused ethnographic type; it was carried out from May to June 2022; with simple random probabilistic sampling. Ten undergraduate nursing students were recruited to analyze the perceived pros, beliefs and knowledge of alcohol consumption; interviews were conducted with prior informed consent and attention to ethical considerations. The data were analyzed in the qualitative data package ATLAS.ti, constructing codes, categories and semantic networks. Results: 90% were women and 10% men, with an average age of 21 years. In relation to the perceived pros, it was identified that "I think it is not necessary to drink" and "I think it influences, at least in my case, I feel that I am a very introverted person and somehow alcohol consumption helps me to loosen up better and live together more". In terms of beliefs, the population considers that "it is not unpleasant to work with drinkers because the patient should be cared for regardless of their condition, but it is more difficult because they are ruder or more complicated to handle". Regarding knowledge, it was found that "I consider that my education on substance use has been thanks to school", "I have not fallen thanks to God into any addiction". Conclusions: Analyzing the perceived pros, beliefs and knowledge of alcohol consumption in nursing students allows us to make a series of recommendations for practice, public policies and future research and intervention projects, since although the sample is aware of the effects of alcohol consumption on the body, their pros and beliefs lead them to adopt a risk pattern, which if not intervened will expose them to greater problems.Introducción: Los pros, son considerados como el valor que un individuo otorga a las creencias, percepciones o consecuencias positivas sobre los beneficios de desarrollar una conducta, en este caso, el consumo de alcohol, máxime si los conocimientos del individuo sobre esa acción son deficientes. Objetivo: Analizar los pros percibidos, creencias y conocimientos del consumo de alcohol en estudiantes de enfermería. Material y métodos: Estudio cualitativo de tipo etnográfico focalizado; se realizó en los meses de mayo a junio de 2022; con muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple. Se reclutaron a 10 estudiantes de la licenciatura en enfermería a fin de analizar los pros percibidos, creencias y conocimientos del consumo de alcohol.; se realizaron entrevistas con previo consentimiento informado y atención a las consideraciones éticas. Los datos se analizaron en el paquete de datos cualitativos ATLAS.ti, construyendo códigos, categorías y redes semánticas. Resultados: el 90% son mujeres y el 10% hombres y con media de edad de 21 años. Con relación a los pros percibidos se identificó que “pienso que no es necesario beber” y “creo que influye, por lo menos en mi caso, siento que soy una persona muy introvertida y de alguna manera el consumo del alcohol ayuda a soltarme mejor y convivir más”. Para las creencias la población considera que “no es desagradable trabajar con bebedores porque se debe dar atención al paciente independientemente de cómo esté su condición, sí es más dificultoso porque son más groseros o complicados de manejar”. Respecto a los conocimientos se encontró que “considero que mi educación sobre el uso de sustancias ha sido gracias a la escuela”, “no he caído gracias a Dios en ninguna adicción”. Conclusiones: Analizar los pros percibidos, creencias y conocimientos del consumo de alcohol en estudiantes de enfermería permite realizar una serie de recomendaciones a la práctica, políticas públicas y futuros proyectos de investigación e intervención, ya que la muestra aunque conoce los efectos en el organismo por el consumo de alcohol, sus pros y creencias los lleva a adoptar un patrón de riesgo, que de no ser intervenido estarán expuestos a problemas mayores

Sensibilidad ética, conocimientos y su relación con el consumo del alcohol en estudiantes universitarios

Introduction: care is an element influenced by multiple factors, among them, the axiological approach and ethical sensitivity, acting as a determinant in the quality of care provided to the patient. On the other hand, health problems related to alcohol consumption are becoming more and more frequent, giving way to the creation of moral dilemmas, in which the question arises whether an individual who affects his human responses by choice deserves the same level of care as those without control over his disease. Objective: to determine the relationship between ethical sensitivity, knowledge and alcohol consumption in university students. Methods: quantitative, descriptive, correlational, prospective and cross-sectional study, applying the Ethical Sensitivity, NEADA and AUDIT instruments to a group of nursing students belonging to a public university and selected by stratified probabilistic sampling. Results and discussion: ethical sensitivity scored at medium levels (52.3%), knowledge about alcohol was medium (81.7%) and consumption was characterized as risky (58.0%). Conclusions: The aim is for students to promote ethical and healthy behaviors through participation in social groups and workshops on didactic techniques that address addiction issues.Introducción: el cuidado es un elemento influenciado por múltiples factores, entre ellos, el enfoque axiológico y sensibilidad ética, fungiendo como un determinante en la calidad de la atención que se brinda al paciente. Por otro lado, los problemas de salud relacionados con el consumo de alcohol son cada vez más más frecuentes, dando paso a la creación de dilemas morales, en ellos plantea si un individuo que afecta sus respuestas humas por elección propia merece el mismo nivel de atención que aquellos sin control sobre su enfermedad. Objetivo: determinar la relación que existe en sensibilidad ética, conocimientos y consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios. Material y métodos: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional, prospectivo y transversal, aplicando los instrumentos Sensibilidad ética, NEADA y AUDIT a un grupo de estudiantes de Enfermería pertenecientes a Universidad pública y seleccionados mediante un muestreo probabilístico estratificado. Resultados y discusión: la sensibilidad ética puntuó en niveles medios (52.3%), el conocimiento sobre el alcohol en medio (81.7%) y el consumo se caracterizó como riesgoso (58.0%). Conclusiones: se busca que el estudiante en promueva conductas éticas y saludables mediante la participación en grupos sociales y talleres sobre técnicas didácticas que aborden de temas de adicciones

La criminalística, como técnica en la investigación de los delitos de asesinato, homicidio y sexuales, en el Municipio de León

Tesis (Lic. en Derecho)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, LeónUNAN-Leó