Fibrinógeno, Factor VII, hematocrito y riesgo cardiovascular en la población de Madrid

En los últimos años se ha establecido la importancia de los factores de riesgo trombótico en la génesis de la enfermedad cardiovascular. Por ello se han realizado diversos trabajos a establecer la posible relación entre los factores hemostásicos (sobre todo las proteínas de la coagulación, fibrinogeno y factor VIIc) y hemorreológicos (viscosidad sanguínea, cuyo mayor determinante es el hematocrito) y otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular o la enfermedad cardiovascular. En un estudio transversal realizado sobre la población del municipio de Madrid, he determinado los valores de fibrinogeno, factor VII y hematocrito, y su relación con otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular ya establecido (edad, sexo, menopausia, índice de masa corporal, niveles de glucemia y lípidos plasmáticos y consumo de alcohol y tabaco) y con el antecedente de enfermedad cardiovascular (cardiopatía isquémica, accidente cerebrovascular o vasculopatía periférica)

Los desafíos ambientales de las poblaciones indígenas en el Ártico

The special vulnerability of indigenous peoples in the Arctic has increased in recent decades due to various environmental challenges. On the one hand, global warming is causing the melting of this region and the lack of important natural resources for these peoples. These changes will not only affect their quality of life, but also to their cultural identity, since climatic conditions in which its existence has developed over the centuries are changing very rapidly. On the other hand, the European Union has adopted a series of trade measures prohibiting the importation and marketing of seal products in its territory, although it allows the trade of seal products when captured by Inuit communities. The exception was introduced to protect them since seal hunting is an important element of their culture and their survival, but its compatibility with the law of the World Trade Organization has been challengedLa especial vulnerabilidad de los pueblos indígenas del Ártico se ha visto acrecentada en las últimas décadas debido a distintos desafíos medioambientales. Por un lado, el calentamiento global es causante del deshielo de esta región y la carencia de recursos naturales importantes para estas poblaciones. Estos cambios no solo afectan su calidad de vida, sino también su identidad cultural, ya que las condiciones climáticas en las que su existencia se ha desarrollado durante siglos están cambiando muy rápidamente. Por otro lado, la Unión Europea ha adoptado una serie de medidas comerciales que prohíben la importación y comercialización de los productos de focas en su territorio, aunque se permite el comercio de los productos de focas capturadas por las comunidades Inuit. La excepción fue introducida para protegerlos, ya que la caza de focas es un elemento importante de su cultura y supervivencia, pero su compatibilidad con el Derecho de la Organización Mundial de Comercio ha sido cuestionad

Ostracods from the global stratotype section for de base of the Aalenian stage, Jurassic, at Fuentelsaz section (Cordillera Ibérica, Spain)

The Toarcian/Aalenian Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) have been recently placed in the Fuentelsaz section, northeastern Spain. This paper is part of a long-term project that attempts to describe for the first time the fossil ostracod assemblages present in the Toarcian-Aalenian boundary GSSP, and to assess their palaeobiogeographical significance. The study of the Late Toarcian-Early Aalenian Turmiel and Casinos formations at the Fuentelsaz section has produced a detailed stratigraphy and a large collection of stratigraphically constrained ostracod faunas. Twenty benthic ostracod species have been identified and for the first time described in Spain. Higher part of the Mactra Subzone, Late Toarcian, have yielded abundant ostracod faunas, including mostly species of the genera Praeschuleridea, Cytherelloidea and Kinkelinella; fossiliferous marls of the Late Toarcian and part of the Early Aalenian and poorly fossiliferous marls at the beginning of the Opalinum Zone are dominated by Praeschuleridea and Cytherelloidea. The boundary between the Toarcian and Aalenian is not characterized by any radical change in the ostracod faunal composition. The Fuentelsaz sequence exhibits ostracod assemblages comparable to those recorded in western Europe, with many of their species having similar stratigraphical distributions

Assessment of Digital Teaching Competence: Instruments, results and proposals. Systematic literature review

RESUMEN: La competencia digital docente (CDD) es un reto en la práctica profesional del profesorado y un problema identificado en la investigación al que dar respuestas. En concreto, la evaluación de la CDD es un elemento clave para tomar decisiones respecto a la formación de los docentes y a futuras líneas de investigación. Tomando este reto como foco, el objetivo de este artículo es proporcionar un panorama actualizado sobre las herramientas utilizadas en los procesos de evaluación de la competencia digital de los docentes, indagando en el tipo de diseño de investigación, instrumentos y análisis utilizados, así como los resultados obtenidos tras su aplicación y sus implicaciones. El estudio realizado se aborda desde una revisión sistemática de la literatura, siguiendo las directrices marcadas en la declaración PRISMA, con una muestra de 66 artículos publicados entre 2017 y febrero de 2022 en revistas indexadas en la Web of Science y Scopus, en los que se evalúa la CDD. Los resultados obtenidos muestran niveles medios y bajos de CDD diagnosticados y ofrecen evidencias de la relevancia de la evaluación de la CDD para su mejora. Así mismo evidencian que el marco europeo DIGCOMPEDU y el español propuesto por el INTEF, son seguidos por investigadores de todo el mundo. Sin embargo, es una práctica habitual que los investigadores elaboren su propio instrumento para evaluar la CDD, siendo el cuestionario de autoevaluación el utilizado en la mayor parte de los estudios, al tiempo que se recomienda complementarlo con otras herramientas cualitativas para evaluar el nivel real adquirido. Las conclusiones ponen de manifiesto que los investigadores coinciden en reclamar dos aspectos fundamentales: aumentar la formación docente en competencia digital y avanzar en diseños de investigación que permitan comprobar cómo mejora el nivel CDD a través de propuestas formativas contextualizadas a la etapa educativa o tipo de enseñanza.ABSTRACT: Teaching digital competence is a challenge in the professional field of teachers. It also is an identified problem in the research to which answers can be given. Specifically, the evaluation of CDD is a key element for making decisions regarding teacher training and future lines of research. Taking this challenge as a focus, the objective of this article is to provide an updated overview of the tools used in the processes of evaluation of the digital competence of teachers. For that, an investigation has been done focusing on the type of research design, instruments and analysis used, as well as the results obtained after its application and its implications. The study carried out has been approached from a systematic review of the literature, following the guidelines set out in the PRISMA declaration, with a sample of 66 articles published between 2017 and February 2022 in journals indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus, in which the CDD was evaluated. The results obtained show médium and low levels of diagnosed CDD and offer evidence of the relevance of CDD evaluation in its improvement. Likewise, these show that the European framework DIGCOMPEDU and the Spanish framework proposed by INTEF are followed by researchers from all over the world. However, it is a common practice for researchers to develop their own instrument to assess DDC, with the self-assessment questionnaire used in most studies, while it is recommended to complement it with other qualitative tools to assess the actual level acquired. The conclusions show that researchers agree on two fundamental aspects: to increase teacher training in digital competence and to progress in research designs that allow us to verify how the CDD level improves through training proposals contextualized in the educational stage or type of teaching.Este trabajo se enmarca en “ALFAMED” (Red Euroamericana de Investigadores), con el apoyo del Proyecto I+D “Alfabetización mediática y digital en jóvenes y adolescentes: diagnóstico y estrategias de innovación educativa para prevenir riesgos y fomentar buenas prácticas en la Red-EDUCAMED”, financiado por la Consejería de Universidades, Igualdad, Cultura y Deporte del Gobierno de Cantabria; el Proyecto “Contribución a la alfabetización mediática en el Caribe”, financiado por la Unión Europea (Ventana Adelante-ICT385-22). También en el marco del Proyecto “NOVUS OpenResearchLab: innovación con inteligencia artificial y robótica para escalar niveles de dominio de razonamiento para la complejidad”, financiado por el TEC de Monterrey (México)

Metacognitive Knowledge and Skills in Students with Deep Approach to Learning. Evidence from Mathematical Problem Solving

Student approaches to learning and metacognitive strategies are two important conditioning factors in solving mathematical problems. The evidence suggests that it is the deep approach to learning which leads to student success in such tasks. The present study focused on analyzing the differences in metacognitive knowledge and skills in a sample of 524 fifth and sixth grade students divided into three groups based on their different levels of use of a deep a pproach (241 = low; 152 = medium; and 131 = high). Metacognitive knowledge was assessed using the Learning Strategies Knowledge Questionnaire, while evidence about metacognitive skills was gathered by means of process measures (Triple Tasks Procedure) during students’ solving of two mathematical word problems. Statistically significant differences in metacognitive knowledge were found among groups while differences in metacognitive skills were only found in the second task, with a low effect size.; El enfoque de aprendizaje y las estrategias metacognitivas son importantes condicionantes en la resolución de problemas matemáticos. La investigación ha puesto de relevancia que el enfoque profundo de aprendizaje dirige al estudiante al éxito en la ejecución de estas tareas. Este trabajo ha pretendido analizar las diferencias en el conocimiento y habilidades metacognitivas de 524 estudiantes de quinto y sexto de primaria clasificados en tres grupos en función del nivel de uso del enfoque profundo (241 = bajo; 152 = medio; 131 = alto). El conocimiento metacognitivo fue evaluado con el cuestionario de conocimiento de estrategias de aprendizaje, y las habilidades metacog nitivas con medidas del proceso (Triple Tarea) durante la resolución de dos problemas matemáticos. Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el conocimiento metacognitivo y, en las habilidades metacognitivas en la segunda tarea con un bajo tamaño del efecto

A Comparative study and evaluation of parallel programming models for shared-memory parallel architectures

Nowadays, shared-memory parallel architectures have evolved and new programming frameworks have appeared that exploit these architectures: OpenMP, TBB, Cilk Plus, ArBB and OpenCL. This article focuses on the most extended of these frameworks in commercial and scientific areas. This paper shows a comparative study of these frameworks and an evaluation. The study covers several capacities, such as task deployment, scheduling techniques, or programming language abstractions. The evaluation measures three dimensions: code development complexity, performance and efficiency, measure as speedup per watt. For this evaluation, several parallel benchmarks have been implemented with each framework. These benchmarks are created to cover certain scenarios, like regular memory access or irregular computation. The conclusions show some highlights, like the fact that some frameworks (OpenMP, Cilk Plus) are better for transforming quickly a sequential code, others (TBB) have a small footprint which is ideal for small problems, and others (OpenCL) are suited for heterogeneous architectures but they require a very complex development process. The conclusions also show that the vectorization support is more critical than multitasking to achieve efficiency for those problems where this approach fits.This work has been partially funded by the project “Input/Output Scalable Techniques for distributed and high-performance computing environments” of MINISTERIO DE CIENCIA E INNOVACIÓN, TIN2010-16497. The work of J. Daniel García has been funded by "FUNDACIÓN CAJAMADRID" through a grant for Mobility of Madrid Public Universities Professors

AW-Isobioclimas: aplicación web para consultar los Isobioclimas de la España Peninsular y Balear

Para este trabajo se ha preparado una página web, y también un archivo en formato KML, compartido en la misma página web, con la información de los Isobioclimas de la España Peninsular y Balear, publicada en 2015. Para su realización se ha utilizado HTML5, estándar de la W3C para la geolocalización, y Open Layers para generación de mapas web de código abierto. Este formato permite ser leído por múltiples aplicaciones en diferentes sistemas operativos y tanto en dispositivos fijos (ordenadores) como portátiles (móviles y tablets). Así el usuario puede consultar, “in situ”, la información del Isobioclima sobre el que se encuentra en el campo. Haciendo un clic de ratón sobre la mancha de Isobioclima, se obtiene más información sobre el mismo. Los Isobioclimas están definidos por todos los factores bioclimáticos jerarquizados de un área y se expresan con una frase que incluye Macrobioclima, Bioclima, Variante Bioclimática (si la hubiere) y Piso Bioclimático –Termotipo y Ombrotipo- y permiten reconocer las áreas de igual potencialidad biológica. Los geodatos preparados contienen la información de los 72 Isobioclimas encontrados en el territorio de la España Peninsular y Balear.For this work a web page has been prepared, as well as a file in KML format, shared on the same web page, both with information on Isobioclimates of Peninsular Spain and the Balearic Islands, published in 2015. HTML5, W3C standard for geolocation, and Open Layers for generation of open source web mapping, have been used. This format can be read by multiple applications on different operating systems and in both fixed and devices (computers) and portable (mobile and tablets). So the user can consult, “in situ”, information about the Isobioclimate of its present position in the field. The Isobioclimates are defined by all hierarchized bioclimatic factors of an area, and are named with a phrase which includes Macrobioclimate, Bioclimate, Biioclimatic Variant (if any) and Bioclimatic Belt -Thermotype and Ombrotype-. The Isobioclimates allow to recognize he areas with equal biological potentiality. The prepared geodata contain the information on the 72 Isobioclimates found in the territory of Peninsular Spain and the Balearic Islands

Inmigración y prejuicio: actitudes de una muestra de adolescentes almerienses

The aim of this research is to know the concept a sample of adolescents living in an area with many foreign workers have about two immigrant groups (Black africans and Moroccans). A sample of 712 adolescents aged 13 to 18 filled up a version of the Modern Racism Scale (McConahay et al., 1981) and an Emotion Scale. Results show low prejudice levels towards both groups. Likewise, evoked emotions, either positive or negative, are low in intensity. There are no differences between subsamples, neither in Modern Racism nor in Emotions. However, some differences are found in some variables, sex and age, which establish different prejudice levels between groups. Traditional negative emotions are positively related to Modern Racism whereas positive emotions are negatively related to it. Results are discussed in relation to the literature and previous research carried out in the same region.ResumenEl objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer la imagen que los adolescentes de una zona con alta recepción de trabajadores extranjeros tienen acerca de dos grupos de inmigrantes: subsaharianos y marroquíes. Se empleó una muestra de 712 sujetos de entre 13 y 18 años, que respondían a una versión de la Escala de Racismo Moderno (McConahay y cols., 1981) y a una escala de emociones. Los resultados muestran un bajo índice de prejuicio hacia ambos grupos. Así mismo, las emociones evocadas por los inmigrantes, tanto positivas como negativas, tienen baja intensidad. No se aprecian diferencias entre las submuestras que evaluaban a cada grupo de inmigrantes, ni en racismo moderno ni en emociones, aunque sí en ciertas variables que establecen diferencias entre los grupos en los niveles de prejuicio (sexo y edad). Las emociones negativas tradicionales se relacionan positivamente con el racismo moderno, y las emociones positivas lo hacen de forma negativa. Los resultados se discuten en relación con la literatura y con resultados obtenidos previamente en la misma zona con otras muestras.AbstractThe aim of this research is to know the concept a sample of adolescents living in an area with many foreign workers have about two immigrant groups (Black africans and Moroccans). A sample of 712 adolescents aged 13 to 18 filled up a version of the Modern Racism Scale (McConahay et al., 1981) and an Emotion Scale. Results show low prejudice levels towards both groups. Likewise, evoked emotions, either positive or negative, are low in intensity. There are no differences between subsamples, neither in Modern Racism nor in Emotions. However, some differences are found in some variables, sex and age, which establish different prejudice levels between groups. Traditional negative emotions are positively related to Modern Racism whereas positive emotions are negatively related to it. Results are discussed in relation to the literature and previous research carried out in the same region

Biomarkers for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients

Blood culture methods show low sensitivity, so reliable non-culture diagnostic tests are needed to help clinicians with the introduction, de-escalation, and discontinuation of antifungal therapy in patients with suspected invasive candidiasis (IC). We evaluated different biomarkers for the diagnosis of IC in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients at risk for developing invasive fungal diseases. The specificity of Candida albicans germ-tube antibodies (CAGTA) detection was high (89%-100%), but sensitivity did not exceed 61% even after raising the cut-off from 1/160 to 1/80. We developed enzyme-linked immunoassays detecting antibodies against C. albicans proteins (Als3-N, Hwp1-N, or Met6) that resulted more sensitive (66%-92%) but less specific than CAGTA assay. The combination of 1,3-beta-D-glucan (BDG) detection and CAGTA results provided the highest diagnostic usefulness in immunocompetent patients. However, in immunocompromised patients, anti-Met6 antibodies was the best biomarker, both, alone or in combination with BDGThis work was supported by the Basque Government (Groups of Research IT913-16; GIC15/103). Marta Bregón-Villahoz received a grant from the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU (PIF19/316)