El cuarto pleno casatorio y el vencimiento del contrato de arrendamiento como supuesto de ocupación precaria

El presente tema de investigación surge con la emisión del precedente judicial del Cuarto Pleno Casatorio Civil (en adelante Cuarto Pleno), respecto al caso del vencimiento de contrato de arrendamiento como supuesto de ocupación precaria. Anterior al Cuarto Pleno, han existido diversas posiciones, algunos juristas tenían posiciones similares a la adoptada en el Cuarto Pleno por la Corte Suprema, otros juristas mantenían la posición que el vencimiento del contrato de arrendamiento no convierte al arrendatario en ocupante precario, conforme lo señala el artículo 1700 del Código Civil, puesto que se entiende que existe una continuación del arrendamiento hasta que el arrendador solicite la devolución del bien. De ese modo, no existiendo un plazo fijo de término de arrendamiento, será el arrendador quien decide en que momento concluirlo y que puede hacerlo extrajudicial o judicialmente, y que una carta notarial no es previo requisito porque la normatividad no lo ha regulado expresamente, sino que podía poner a conocimiento al arrendatario de la solicitud de devolución del bien vía judicial a través de una demanda de desalojo por vencimiento de contrato. Ahora otra controversia que surgió, era si el arrendador solicitaba la devolución del bien a través de carta notarial, éste hecho convertiría en precario al arrendatario, lo que ocasionó posiciones opuestas en la doctrina, algunos juristas comentaban que no puede ser precario porque la relación jurídica entre ambas partes subsiste hasta que se hayan cumplido con todas las obligaciones derivadas del contrato como el pago de la renta si no hubiera cumplido con cancelar en el tiempo, correspondería pago de penalidad por el tiempo que demore en entregar el bien; si el arrendatario se convirtiera en precario, no habría razón de exigir el cumplimiento de obligaciones sobre una relación jurídica y título que ya no existe, puesto que la definición de precario que le otorga el artículo 911 del Código Civil, es que no debe existir título alguno que vincule a las partes, y en este caso no sucede así. Esta problemática ocasionada con el Cuarto Pleno, incentivó a que inicie la investigación sobre la presente tesis, teniendo como objetivo determinar si la regla establecida como precedente judicial vinculante en el IV Pleno Casatorio Civil respecto al vencimiento de un contrato de arrendamiento de duración indeterminada, que lo califica como precario afecta la tutela jurisdiccional efectiva del arrendador-demandante.This thesis stems from the controversy that was presented as a result of the issue of judicial precedent of the Fourth Plenum Civil casatorio, regarding the course of the maturity of squatting on which states will be a case of squatting. However, there have been positions on the issue, which some felt like the position taken by the Supreme Court, however other jurists mention that just because the end of the lease contract did not make the tenant occupying precarious, pursuant to Article 1700 of the Civil Code, was a continuation of the lease until the landlord want the return of the thing, Thus, he argued that the lease becomes one of indefinite duration. Since I had no fixed deadline to conclude the contract, the landlord will decide at what point to conclude the contract and can do extrajudicial or judicial pursuant to Article 1704 of the Civil Code, and a notarized letter was not a prerequisite that the regulations had not regulated well, but could directly bring an eviction lawsuit for expiry of contract. Now another controversy as to whether the application for refund of extrajudicial well become precarious tenant, what other group of lawyers complemented saying that can’t be precarious because the legal relationship between the two remains parts until they have complied with all obligations under the contract and the payment of rent if I had not met cancel in time payment penalty for the time it took delivery of the immovable property and the return of property, if the tenant became precarious, there is no reason to request fulfill the obligations of the contract and a title that no longer exists, since the definition given by Article 911 of the Civil Code precarious, is that there should be no title one that links to the other party, and in this case it does not. This problem encourage the development of this research issue, which I intended to determine whether the rule as binding legal precedent established in the Fourth Plenum Civil casatorio about the expiration of a lease contract of indefinite duration, which qualifies it as precarious affects effective judicial protection of the plaintiff the lessor. The thesis is divided into nine chapters, in which issues of effective judicial protection, the lease, the possession, the defenses of the possession, eviction and claims arising as eviction precarious occupation unfold and expiration of contract, full analysis of the national civil court 2010, cassations analysis using criteria for eviction for expiry of contract and analysis of judicial precedent of the Fourth Plenum casatorio on expiry of v contract as grounds for precarious occupation. Also, the damage caused against the plaintiff and to the civil courts and the Supreme Court. We have highlighted two relevant in these times opposing views on the subject of research and we refer to the thesis of Dr. Gunther Gonzales Barron and Hector Lama More theses, and one of them has been the basis for issuing the precedent of the Fourth Plenum . I have also tried as an end point, the need to vary the criteria and uniformizarlo so that it is a conviction in the courts over her treatment and no conflicts when applying. With this, we highlighting the important points of the development of our research topic, which we believe is the method adopted our thesis.Tesi

Predictive Model of The Factors Involved in Cyberbullying of Adolescent Victims

The development of Information and Communication Technologies has favored access to technological resources in adolescents. These tools provide access to information that can promote learning. However, they can also have a negative effect against people, as they can be used with other functionality, in which cyberbullying situations are caused during the interactions that arise when using social networks. The objective of this study was to determine the predictive value of the role of cyberbullying victims based on variables related to other roles involved in cyberbullying and bullying (aggressors and witnesses), as well as personal characteristics (sex and age), contextual characteristics (type of educational school in which they are attending) and positive teamwork habits. (cooperation, responsibility, dialogue, listening, respect). Information was collected from 227 students of the educational stages of Primary Education and Secondary Education, aged between 11 and 15 years, in a city with a high index of cultural diversity. The step-by-step technique was used to build the regression model. The results indicate that the model has a good goodness of fit coefficient (adjusted R2: 0.574; p < 0.001). The role of cyberbully is the most important predictive variable of the role of the victim in cyberbullying and, to a lesser extent, the role of the witness in cyberbullying, the role of the witness in bullying, and the role of the victim of bullying. The role of the bullying aggressor and the variables sex, age, type of educational center, and teamwork habits are excluded in the predictive model

Music as a Resource Against Bullying and Cyberbullying: Intervention in two Centers in Spain

Aggressive conflicts are quite frequent in schools, and all students take part in them. Bullying and cyberbullying are the most common methods used. The main objective of this work was to prevent and reduce aggressive behaviors among school children. In this study we present the results of an intervention that we have carried out in two education centers, one public and one semi-public, with students between the ages of 11 and 14. This intervention was done using music and was reinforced by a talk about human values. Two hundred adolescents from the autonomous city of Melilla, Spain, took part in this study. This was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test/post-test design and an equivalent randomized control group. The instrument used was the Garaigordóbil Cyberbullying Test. The musical intervention lasted for four months. The effect of the intervention program was checked through the t-test of related samples, checking the size of the effect through Cohen's d. The results showed a decrease in victims, aggressors and witnesses of cyberbullying in the semi-public education center and a decrease in victims of bullying in the public center. It is concluded that music can be a valid resource in making people aware of aggressive behaviors and in helping to reduce it

Sub-Saharan African immigrant women's experiences of (lack of) access to appropriate healthcare in the public health system in the Basque Country, Spain

BackgroundImmigrant populations face diverse barriers to accessing appropriate healthcare services on several levels. In the Basque Country, Sub-Saharan African women were identified as facing the largest barriers to access them. The aim of the study is to analyse Sub-Saharan African immigrant women's perceptions and experiences of access to appropriate healthcare in the public health system in the Basque Country, Spain.MethodsFourteen women from eight Sub-Saharan African countries who have used the Basque public healthcare services were interviewed. A qualitative content analysis was applied: meaning that units were identified, coded and the resulting codes were then organized into three categories.ResultsThe first category, Fearing to enter a health system perceived as not friendly for immigrants, included factors, mainly those related to legal conditions for accessing healthcare services and lack of lawful documentation, that made women avoid or discontinue seeking out healthcare.The second category, Being attended on professionals' own communication terms, comprised how the lack of effective communication compromised not only the access of the immigrant women to healthcare services, but also their health.Lastly, the third category, Is mistreatment based on racism or merely on bad luck? described how being an immigrant and black influenced the way they were (mis)treated in the health system.ConclusionFor Sub-Saharan African immigrant women, accessing appropriate healthcare in the Basque Country was perceived to be subject to institutional barriers. At the legal level, barriers included lack of entitlement, difficulties in fulfilling legal access conditions and lack of documentation. The lack of communication with health centre staff and their attitudes, guided by a stereotyped social image of immigrants and black people, also hindered their possibilities of receiving appropriate healthcare. Facilitators for accessing healthcare included strategies from individual professionals, personal networks and social actors to help them to cope with the barriers. There is a need of reinforcing inclusion values and rights-based approach to attention among staff at the health centres to have more non-discriminatory and culturally appropriate health systems.We thank the participants in this study who willingly shared their experiences. We also thank the NGO and social associations for their support in the recruitment of this study

Integració docent d'eines per al desenvolupament de les competències professionals

L'experiència està emmarcada dins d'una assignatura de segon cicle, de les titulacions de Psicologia i Criminologia, que pretén donar eines per a la intervenció en l'àmbit de les famílies en risc d'exclusió social i de la protecció de menors

Links between recent trends in airborne pollen concentration, meteorological parameters and air pollutants

[EN] Biogenic aerosols may play an active role in various diseases. Pollutant gases and bioaerosols coexist in the atmosphere with the possibility of interacting with each other increasing their adverse impacts on human health. The study of long-term trends and the correlation between the pollen concentration from selected taxa (especially those related to allergies) and both the main atmospheric pollutants and the meteorological parameters has enabled us to identify the main factors that affect pollen concentration in the atmosphere. This study analyzes the long-term trend in CO, NO, NO2, PM10, SO2 and O3 from 1997 to 2016 and Fraxinus, Poaceae and Populus pollen concentrations in the city of León from 1994 to 2016. In general, there is a significant decreasing trend in atmospheric pollutant concentrations and a significant increasing trend in Fraxinus pollen concentrations. In addition, the influence of air pollutants and climatic factors on pollen concentrations and pollination period duration was studied using the Spearman correlation, showing that the flowering and pollination periods depend largely of the weather conditions before these periods and are influenced by air pollutant concentrationsSISpanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Grant TEC2014-57821-R), the University of León (Programa Propio 2015/00054/001 and 2018/00203/001) and AERORAIN project (Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Grant CGL2014-52556-R, co-financed with FEDER funds). F. Oduber acknowledges the grant BES-2015-074473 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. C. Blanco-Alegre acknowledges the grant FPU16-05764 from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Spor

Enfoques feministas del uso del hiyab-velo. Herramientas para el profesorado

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es ofrecer al profesorado una herramienta de acercamiento y comprensión de los múltiples significados, contextos, sentimientos, tipos y usos del hiyab-velo, que le permita superar los prejuicios que resultan de la visión simplista, colonial y etnocéntrica dominante en nuestro entorno y, además, suplir la ausencia de un material educativo feminista que aporte una perspectiva de género. En un entorno cada vez más intercultural, es prioritaria la formación del personal docente sobre un tema tan confuso y polémico como el hiyab, aplicando las teorías pedagógicas en formación del profesorado y las competencias del tema en los centros escolares. Para la consecución de este fin, se recopila un abanico de informaciones y material que trata de mostrar una fotografía realista, práctica y útil, tanto del empoderamiento de muchas mujeres árabes y/o musulmanas con independencia del uso o no del velo, como de los enfoques feministas árabes y/o musulmanes sobre el uso del hiyab, esbozando un desarrollo de la historia del feminismo árabe y/o musulmán y sus activistas.Se pretende que, en manos del profesorado, constituya una herramienta válida de formación intelectual y, en consecuencia,repercuta en el aula