A spring case of heavy rainfall in the Balearics: a preliminary study

Comunicación presentada en: 4th Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms celebrada del 2 al 4 de octubre de 2002 en Palma de Mallorca.From the 6th to the 8th of May 2002, an episode of heavy rainfall occurred in the West Mediterranean area, strongly affecting the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands (especially Ibiza). Extremely high precipitations for this month were registered. Both a synoptic and a mesoscale study of the situation are presented and the role of an intense Mediterranean cyclone on the generation of large maxima of moisture convergence is explored. In this case, deep convection is not present as it usually is in autumn heavy rainfall Mediterranean episodes

Determination of synthetic opioids in oral fluid samples using fabric phase sorptive extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

New psychoactive substances (NPS) continue to emerge in the drug market every year, becoming a global threat to public health and safety. These compounds are mostly synthetic cannabinoids and designer cathinones. However, synthetic opioids have appeared on the recreational drug markets in recent years, particularly fentanyl and its derivatives (“fentanyls”). Fentanyl and its analogs are related to harmful intoxications and an increase in opioid-related mortality in many countries, such as in the United States and Europe in the last years. Taking the drug related global crisis into consideration, this work developed and validated an effective and sensitive method based on fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the simultaneous determination of 11 fentanyl analogs in oral fluid samples. The extraction was carried out using a sol-gel Carbowax 20 M sorbent immobilized on 100% cellulose fabric substrate and using ethyl acetate as the desorption solvent. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) ranged from 1 to 15 ng mL−1 and 5 to 50 ng mL−1, respectively. Intra-day and inter-day precision were found within 8.2% and 8.6%, respectively, while accuracy ranged from -5.5 to 9.1%, in accordance with the established criteria. The absolute recovery values were in the range of 94.5%–109.1%. The validated method demonstrated its great potential to detect and quantify fentanyl analogs in possible forensic work and off-site analysis in road traffic casesThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (Project RTI2018‐096450‐B‐I00) and FEDER fundsS

Maladaptive facet trait profiles and psychopathology: a person‑centered assessment approach

Person-centered approaches in personality allow greater understanding of how different subpopulations with specific person- ality profiles are linked with relevant outcomes. Studies under the Five Factor Model agree on the observation of a Resilient, an Undercontrolled and an Overcontrolled profile. However, studies using maladaptive traits are much more limited. The present research identify personality profiles based on the 25 maladaptative facet and examined the relationships with per- sonality dysfunctioning, internalizing and externalizing symptoms. A mixed sample composed of community adults (n = 742) and patients (n = 312) completed the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form, the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms-II, Externalizing Spectrum Inventory–Brief From, the 12 items Spanish version of the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule II and Level of Personality Functioning Scale- Brief Form 2.0. Latent profile analysis was performed on PID-5-SF score. The scores on internalizing, externalizing and functioning were compared across the profiles. Four profiles emerged: Resilient, Undercontrolled, Overcontrolled, and Ordinary type. The Overcontrolled and Undercon- trolled types showed higher scores on pathology scales. While the Overcontrolled profile appeared more related to inter- nalizing symptoms and impairment in self-functioning, the Undercontrolled profile was more linked to higher scores on externalizing symptoms and interpersonal dysfunctioning.Funding for open access publishing: Universidad de Huelva/ CBUA This work was supported by the grant “Reliable and clinical relevant change of Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms II – IDAS-II: a longitudinal clinical utility study (RELY-IDAS-II)”, project PID2020-116187RB-I00 on Proyectos I + D + i 2020 “Retos del Conocimiento” provided by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain)

The role of serum biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of oral cancer: a systematic review

Introduction: Oral cancer is one of the causes of major morbidity and mortality in the world although incidence varies in the different geographical locations and races. Advances in molecular biology and cancer research have allowed elucidating serum biomarkers to improve diagnostic methods. The aim of this article systematic review is to highlight the utility and clinical value of serum biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of oral cancer. Material and Methods: A systematic literature review using PubMed (MEDLINE databases) revealed a total of 140 articles related to this topic. Of those articles, 29 were included in the final review. We included articles published in English in the last five years, developed in human as cases and controls studies, retrospective or prospective studies and specific studies that analyzed a certain biomarker in serum. Results: All of the studies include in this systematic review found significant differences in patients. Of those articles included, 2 used biomarkers to determinate cancerous phenotype, 11 mentioned their results were associated with worse prognosis and overall survival, 4 correlated biomarker concentration to clinical stages, 4 concluded it could be a helpful in diagnosis and 8 studies did not find a clear utility of the analysed biomarker. Due to differences in the presentation of data, meta-analysis was not possible. Conclusions: Biomarker use for diagnosis and prognosis is supported by clinical and scientific evidence is relevant. Nevertheless, after selecting a certain biomarker, monitoring protocols should be established in oral and maxillofacial surgeons teams so as we have a correct understanding of biological values

Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown measures in Southern Spain on PM10 trace element and gaseous pollutant concentrations

Trace element concentrations within PM10, gaseous pollutants (NO2 and SO2), and PM10 levels were studied during the Covid-19 lockdown at a regional level in Southern Spain (Andalusia). Pollutant concentrations were compared considering different mobility periods (pre-lockdown, lockdown, and relaxation) in 2020 and previous years (2013–2016). An acute decrease in NO2 levels (<50%) was observed as a consequence of traffic diminution during the confinement period. Moreover, a lower reduction in PM10 levels and a non-clear pattern for SO2 levels were observed. During the lockdown period, PM10 elements released from traffic emissions (Sn and Sb) showed the highest concentration diminution in the study area. Regarding the primary industrial sites, there were no significant differences in V, Ni, La, and Cr concentration reduction during 2020 associated with industrial activity (stainless steel and oil refinery) in Algeciras Bay. Similarly, concentrations of Zn showed the same behaviour at Cordoba, indicating that the Zn-smelter activity was not affected by the lockdown. Nevertheless, stronger reductions of Cu, Zn, and As in Huelva during the confinement period indicated a decrease in the nearby Cu-smelter emissions. Brick factories in Bailen were also influenced by the confinement measures, as corroborated by the marked decrease in concentrations of Ni, V, Cu, and Zn during the lockdown compared to that from previous years. This work has shown the baseline concentrations of trace elements of PM10, which is of great value to air quality managers in order to minimise pollution levels by applying the confinement of the population, affecting both traffic and industrial anthropogenic activities.We would like to acknowledge the project of the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain (Project RTI2018-095937-B-I00), the co-financed project by the Andalusian Government and the EU (PY18-2332), and the Environmental Agency of Andalusia for financial and technical support. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva / CBUA

Contribution of anthropogenic and natural sources in PM10 during North African dust events in Southern Europe

The influence of North African (NAF) dust events on the air quality at the regional level (12 representative monitoring stations) in Southern Europe during a long time series (2007–2014) was studied. PM10 levels and chemical composition were separated by Atlantic (ATL) and NAF air masses. An increase in the average PM10 concentrations was observed on sampling days with NAF dust influence (42 µg m- 3 ) when compared to ATL air masses (29 µg m- 3 ). Major compounds such as crustal components and secondary inorganic compounds (SIC), as well as toxic trace elements derived from industrial emissions, also showed higher concentrations of NAF events. A source contribution analysis using positive matrix factorisation (PMF) 5.0 of the PM10 chemical data, discriminating ATL and NAF air mass origins, allowed the identification of five sources: crustal, sea salt, traffic, regional, and industrial. A higher contribution (74%) of the natural sources to PM10 concentrations was confirmed under NAF episodes compared with ATL. Furthermore, there was an increase in anthropogenic sources during these events (51%), indicating the important influence of the NAF air masses on these sources. The results of this study highlight that environmental managers should take appropriate actions to reduce local emissions during NAF events to ensure good air quality

Reflections concerning the French language in Castilla y León: bilingual sections and trainig of teachers of not linguistic disciplines (NLD)

[ES] Este trabajo presenta un recorrido a través del panorama de la enseñanza de las lenguas extranjeras y sus resultados de aprendizaje, centrado especialmente en la lengua francesa. Iniciaremos este estudio partiendo de un plano general, analizando la situación en la que se encuentra nuestro país, España, para finalmente abordar, de manera más concreta, el caso particular que presenta nuestra Comunidad autónoma, Castilla y León. Durante este proceso, iremos desvelando diversos datos que nos servirán de apoyo, correspondientes a diferentes estudios realizados en Europa, que ponen en relieve cuáles son las lenguas extranjeras predominantes en el ámbito educativo y el grado de consecución de los objetivos planteados. Como profesionales dedicados a la formación de futuros profesores de francés lengua extranjera, hemos sentido la necesidad de elaborar este trabajo en el que nos planteamos una revisión de la oferta educativa en lenguas extranjeras en Castilla y León y de las condiciones en que ésta se desarrolla, centrando nuestra atención en la lengua francesa y más concretamente en las secciones bilingües de francés, considerando sus ventajas y objetivos, y en las necesidades de formación de su profesorado. A partir del análisis de la situación actual, llevaremos a cabo una reflexión para intentar mejorar la cuestión planteada al inicio, partiendo de la idea de que una oferta amplia de lenguas extranjeras no sólo es factible, sino imprescindible, y que la implantación de dos lenguas extranjeras en el curriculum escolar debiera tener carácter obligatorio, y no optativo.[EN] This study explores the panorama of foreign language teaching of and its learning outcomes, with a special emphasis on the French language. We will start by analyzing the situation in our country, Spain, before moving on to tackle, more specifically, the particular case presented by our autonomous Community, Castilla y León. During this process, we will be divulging diverse supporting data and information gleaned from studies conducted in Europe that highlight the predominant foreign languages in the educational area and the degree of attainment of specific objectives. As professionals in the education of future teachers of French as a foreign language, we have felt the need to conduct this study in which we present a review of the educational offer in foreign languages in Castilla y León and of the conditions in which this develops, focussing on the French language and more concretely on the French bilingual sections, considering their advantages and aims, and the training needs of teachers. From the analysis of the current situation, we will reflect upon the need to try to improve the question raised at the beginning, starting from the idea that a wide offer of foreign languages is not only feasible, but indispensable, and that the incorporation of two foreign languages in the school curriculum should be mandatory, not optional.Cuervo Vázquez, AE.; Alonso Díaz, RM.; Sabadell González, M. (2013). Reflexiones en torno a la lengua francesa en Castilla y León: secciones bilingües y formación de los profesores de disciplinas no lingüísticas (DNL). REDU. Revista de Docencia Universitaria. 11(1):365-388. https://doi.org/10.4995/redu.2013.5605OJS365388111Bain, B. (1974). Bilingualism and cognition: Towards a general theory. En S.T. Carey (Ed.). Bilingualism, biculturalism and education (pp. 119-128). Edmonton, University of Alberta Press.Baker, C. (2001). Foundations of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism. (3a. ed.) Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.Bally, CH. (1965). Le langage et la vie. Génève: Droz.Canabal García, C.; García Campos, M.D. (2012). Profesorado universitario que indaga colaborativamente: una propuesta formativa para mejorar la práctica docente. Revista de Docencia Universitaria. REDU. Monográfico: Buenas prácticas docente en la enseñanza universitaria. 10 (1), 215-35. Recuperado el (25-06- 2012) en http://redaberta.usc.es/reduCavalli, M. (2005). Éducation bilingue et plurilinguisme. Le cas du Val d'Aoste. Paris: Didier.Cummins, J. (1976). The influence of bilingualism on cognitive growth: A synthesis of research findings and explanatory hypotheses. Working Papers on Bilingualism, 9, 1-43.Decreto 40/2007, de 3 de mayo, por el que se establece el Currículo de Educación Primaria en la Comunidad de Castilla y León. (BOCyL de 9 de mayo de 2007)Decreto 52/2007, de 17 de mayo, por el que se establece el currículo de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria en la Comunidad de Castilla y León. (BOCyL de 23 de mayo de 2007)De Houwer, A. (1995). Bilingual Language Acquisition. En P. Fletcher, y B. MacWhinney (Eds.). The handbook of child language, (pp. 219-250). Londres: Blackwell.Delors, J. (1998). La educación encierra un tesoro. Informe a la UNESCO de la Comisión Internacional sobre la educación para el siglo XXI. UNESCO: Santillana, S.A.Deshays, E. (1990). L'enfant bilingue. Paris: Robert Laffont.Duverger, J. (1995). Repères et enjeux. Revue Internationale d'Éducation de Sèvres, 7, 29-44. Enseignements bilingues.Duverger, J. (2005). L'enseignement en classe bilingue. Paris: Hachette.Hagège, C. (1996). L'enfant aux deux langues. Paris: Éditions Jacob.Junta de Castilla y León. Normativa reguladora sobre secciones bilingües. [En Línea: http://www.educa.jcyl.es/educacyl/cm/educacyl/tkContent?pgseed=126527584 9065&idContent=76049&locale=es_ES&textOnly=false]Ministerio de Educación. Secretaría de Estado de Educación y Formación Profesional (2011). Objetivos Educativos Europeos y Españoles Estrategia Educación y Formación 2020. Informe español 2010-2011. Secretaría General Técnica. Subdirección General de Documentación y Publicaciones.Ministerio de Educación (2011). Programa integral de Aprendizaje de Lenguas Extranjeras. Conferencia de Educación, 23 de marzo de 2011.Nunan, D.y Lam, A. (1998): Teacher education for multilingual contexts: models and Issus. En J. Cenoz y F. Genessee (Eds). Beyond Bilingualism, Multilinguallism and multilingual educacion, (pp. 117-140). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.Orden ECI/1128/2006, de 6 de abril, por la que se desarrolla el Real Decreto 717/2005, de 20 de junio, por el que se regula la ordenación de las enseñanzas en los centros docentes acogidos al convenio entre el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia y The British Council. (BOE de 19 de abril de 2006)Orden EDU/2157/2010, de 30 de julio, por la que se regula el currículo mixto de las enseñanzas acogidas al Acuerdo entre el Gobierno de España y el Gobierno de Francia relativo a la doble titulación de Bachiller y de Baccalauréat en centros docentes españoles, así como los requisitos para su obtención. (BOE de 7 de agosto de 2010)Siguan, M. (Comp.) (1996). La enseñanza precoz de una segunda lengua en la escuela. Barcelona: Horsori.Snow, M., Met, M. y Genesee, F. (1989). A Conceptual Framework for the Integration of language and Content in Second/Foreign Language Instruction. En TESOL Quaterly 23/2, 201-217.Snow, C. (2001). Bilingüismo y Adquisición de una segunda lengua. En J. Berko. y N. Berstein (Eds.). Psicolingüística (pp.477-508). (2ª ed.). Madrid: McGraw Hill.Tunmer, E.E. y Myhill, M.E. (1984). Metalinguistic awereness and bilingualism. En W.E. Tunmer, C. Pratt y M. L. Herriman (Eds.). Metalinguistic awereness in children (pp. 169-87). Berlín: Springer Verlag

Ausentismo y desempeño laboral en profesionales de enfermería de áreas críticas

Introducción: Actualmente se considera una prioridad que los profesionales de enfermería mejoren su productividad mediante su asistencia regular y un buen desempeño profesional. Objetivo: Determinar los factores que condicionan el ausentismo y su relación con el desempeño laboral de los profesionales de enfermería que laboran en áreas críticas. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio correlacional, prospectivo, de corte transversal. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por los profesionales que laboran en áreas críticas y la muestra estuvo conformada por 65 enfermeras, mediante una muestra no probabilística. Para medir la variable ausentismo se elaboró un instrumento de 18 preguntas, dividido en cuatro dimensiones, con un índice de confiabilidad de 0,71. Asimismo, para la evaluación de desempeño, se elaboró un instrumento de 50 preguntas, dividido en 6 dimensiones, cuya aplicación se realizó mediante tres mediciones, con un índice de confiablidad de 0,93. Resultados: Resultados del ausentismo: 6.2% presentó un factor condicionante bajo en la dimensión factores individuales, 29.2% lograron un factor condicionante alto en la dimensión factores lugar de trabajo y 89.2% obtuvo un factor condicionante regular en la dimensión factores de contenido de trabajo. La evaluación de desempeño presentó que, en la autoevaluación, un 76.9% logró un nivel buen. En la evaluación de pares, el 16.9% logro un nivel deficiente, mientras que el 29.2% un nivel bueno. En la evaluación por el jefe, el 15.4% presentó un nivel deficiente, mientras que el 12.3% obtuvo un nivel bueno. Discusión y Conclusiones: El ausentismo presentó una relación directa y significativa con el desempeño laboral.Cómo citar este artículo: Díaz CR, Gutiérrez H, Amancio AM. Ausentismo y desempeño laboral en profesionales de enfermería de áreas críticas. Rev Cuid. 2018; 9(1): 1973-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v9i1.42

Establishment of callus from Opuntia robusta Wendl., a wild and medicinal cactus, for phenolic compounds production

In this work, a protocol for the establishment of callus cultures from Opuntia robusta, a wild and medicinal cactus, was developed. The effects of plant growth regulators and culture media composition on callus development were evaluated.The best response was observed on Murashige and Skoog medium added with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, benzyladenine, biotin, casein hydrolysate and proline. The exposure of O. robusta callus to jasmonic acid increased 1.3-fold and 3-fold total phenolic acids and flavonoids concentration, respectively. The in vitro culture from O. robusta could be a new approach for the obtainment of metabolites with pharmaceutical and/or nutraceutical value.Keywords: Callus, flavonoids, jasmonic acid, wild Opuntia, phenolsAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(21), pp. 3204-320