MOCVD and electrochemical polymeric thin films : elaboration, characterization, properties ans applications

Ce mémoire traite de deux types de polymères en films minces: le poly (méthacrylate de méthyle) (PMMA) et le polypyrrole (PPy). Ces films minces ont été déposés par voie sèche et par voie humide. La voie sèche consiste à faire croitre les films polymères par un procédé original de dépôt chimique en phase vapeur assisté par photons (Chemical Vapor Deposition, CVD). La croissance implique l'activation UV des espèces monomères dans la phase gazeuse. Les deux polymères PMMA et PPy ont été obtenus pour la première fois par ce procédé de photo-CVD. La caractérisation des propriétés a mis en évidence des applications possibles en microélectronique, micro-optique et les dispositifs générant de la chaleur. La voie humide mise en œuvre pour déposer des films minces de polymères et d’hybrides organiques/inorganiques est une méthode électrochimique. Des films de PPy (organique) et de TiO2 nanostructuré (inorganique) ont été obtenus et caractérisés par différentes techniques électrochimiques. Des aspects supplémentaires de la croissance de PPy ont été mis en évidence par la résonance des plasmons de surface. ABSTRACT : The thesis deals with two types of polymeric thin films: poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polypyrrole (PPy). The thin films were grown by a dry and a wet route. The dry route involved the growth of the polymeric films by an original process of Chemical Vapor Deposition, namely Photo-CVD. The growth involves the UV activation of the monomer species in the gas phase. Both PMMA and PPy were obtained for the first time by this Photo-CVD. The characterization highlighted properties with possible applications in microelectronics, micro-optics and as heat generating devices. The wet route involved the growth of polymeric and hybrid organic/inorganic thin films by an electrochemical approach. Organic PPy and inorganic TiO2 nanostructures were obtained and characterized by various electrochemical techniques. The growth aspects of PPy were supplementary highlighted by the Surface Plasmon Resonance

Patterned PPy Polymer and PPy/Ag Nanocomposites Thin Films by Photo-DLICVD

This work deals with the deposition of both undoped (insulator) and extrinsically Ag-doped (conductive) polypyrrole (PPy) coatings by an original Photo-DLICVD process. The uniform and conformal coverage of PPy thin films on both Si(100) wafer and liquid micro-droplets forming blisters is investigated. A self-ordered surface patterning of the blisters is achieved and discussed in relation with the substrate nature. By changing the precursor chemistry in this CVD process, conductive PPy/Ag nanocomposite films are grown. First evidence for conductive behavior of these Ag-doped PPy coatings was found. The Ag nanoparticles (NPs) reveal 1D assembly at the ledges of crystal-like facets of micron size nanocomposite particles leading to more complex arrangements of the metal NPs in the hybrid PPy/Ag coatings

Evidences for liquid encapsulation in PMMA ultra-thin film grown by liquid injection Photo-CVD

This paper deals with the characterization of ultra-thin films of PMMA grown by an original photoassisted Chemical Vapor Deposition process equipped with a pulsed liquid injection system to deliver the monomer. The nanometric thick films showed a good ability to encapsulate a liquid phase as microdroplets protected by a thin polymeric tight membrane in the form of blisters. Techniques that are capable to analyze these heterogeneous structures at micro- and nanoscopic scale such as Raman Confocal Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy were used to characterize these polymer films. The liquid droplets were found to be monomer encapsulated by a PMMA film. The specific properties of these ultra-thin films exhibit self-healing capabilities at microscopic scale making them attractive for functionalization of surfaces and interfaces

Novel Approach to Surface Plasmon Resonance: A Third Dimension in Data Interpretation Through Surface Roughness Changes

In a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) experiment two key parameters are classically recorded: the time and the angle of SPR reflectivity. This paper brings into focus a third key parameter: SPR reflectivity. The SPR reflectivity is proved to be related to surface roughness changes. Practical investigations on i) gold anodizing and ii) polypyrrole film growth in presence of oxalic acid is detailed under potentiostatic conditions. These experimental results reveal the potential of using the SPR technique to investigate real-time changes both on the gold surface, but also in the gold film itself. This extends the versatility of the technique in particular as sensitive in-situ diagnostic tool

Research and Science Today No.3

Research and Science Today Journal is a publication founded in 2011 and it is dedicated to the students of all levels (license, master and doctoral) of faculties in the country and abroad. We want to offer the participants the opportunity to present their scientific works in the following areas: Social Sciences, Economic Sciences, Legal Sciences, Humanities, Education Sciences, Engineering, Medicine and Sport. This journal provides students the opportunity to create and / or to improve their abilities to write scientific papers. So each appearance (two appearances per year at which we can add supplements) contains a number of papers written by students, masters and doctoral from the faculties from the country or / and abroad. The journal promotes original studies contributing to the progress of knowledge and it is motivated by the need to address issues of theory and practice in the areas mentioned above. The Journal is a training means of the factors involved in the conceptualization, development, implementation and evaluation , aiming the formation of creative personalities who could be able to adapt through the changing conditions of life. Journal wants to be a forum for debates disciplinaries and interdisciplinaries theoretical topics, to become a research support, to leverage this work at regional, national and international levels. We believe that this gathering will enjoy the support from both parts of the researchers and of the practitioners, and will provide appropriate training sources held professional through the current problems

Research and Science Today No.3

Research and Science Today Journal is a publication founded in 2011 and it is dedicated to the students of all levels (license, master and doctoral) of faculties in the country and abroad. We want to offer the participants the opportunity to present their scientific works in the following areas: Social Sciences, Economic Sciences, Legal Sciences, Humanities, Education Sciences, Engineering, Medicine and Sport. This journal provides students the opportunity to create and / or to improve their abilities to write scientific papers. So each appearance (two appearances per year at which we can add supplements) contains a number of papers written by students, masters and doctoral from the faculties from the country or / and abroad. The journal promotes original studies contributing to the progress of knowledge and it is motivated by the need to address issues of theory and practice in the areas mentioned above. The Journal is a training means of the factors involved in the conceptualization, development, implementation and evaluation , aiming the formation of creative personalities who could be able to adapt through the changing conditions of life. Journal wants to be a forum for debates disciplinaries and interdisciplinaries theoretical topics, to become a research support, to leverage this work at regional, national and international levels. We believe that this gathering will enjoy the support from both parts of the researchers and of the practitioners, and will provide appropriate training sources held professional through the current problems

FIlms minces polymères par CVD et électrodeposition : élaboration, caractérisation, propriétes et applications

Ce mémoire traite de deux types de polymères en films minces: le poly (méthacrylate de méthyle) (PMMA) et le polypyrrole (PPy). Ces films minces ont été déposés par voie sèche et par voie humide. La voie sèche consiste à faire croitre les films polymères par un procédé original de dépôt chimique en phase vapeur assisté par photons (Chemical Vapor Deposition, CVD). La croissance implique l'activation UV des espèces monomères dans la phase gazeuse. Les deux polymères PMMA et PPy ont été obtenus pour la première fois par ce procédé de photo-CVD. La caractérisation des propriétés a mis en évidence des applications possibles en microélectronique, micro-optique et les dispositifs générant de la chaleur. La voie humide mise en œuvre pour déposer des films minces de polymères et d’hybrides organiques/inorganiques est une méthode électrochimique. Des films de PPy (organique) et de TiO2 nanostructuré (inorganique) ont été obtenus et caractérisés par différentes techniques électrochimiques. Des aspects supplémentaires de la croissance de PPy ont été mis en évidence par la résonance des plasmons de surface.The thesis deals with two types of polymeric thin films: poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polypyrrole (PPy). The thin films were grown by a dry and a wet route. The dry route involved the growth of the polymeric films by an original process of Chemical Vapor Deposition, namely Photo-CVD. The growth involves the UV activation of the monomer species in the gas phase. Both PMMA and PPy were obtained for the first time by this Photo-CVD. The characterization highlighted properties with possible applications in microelectronics, micro-optics and as heat generating devices. The wet route involved the growth of polymeric and hybrid organic/inorganic thin films by an electrochemical approach. Organic PPy and inorganic TiO2 nanostructures were obtained and characterized by various electrochemical techniques. The growth aspects of PPy were supplementary highlighted by the Surface Plasmon Resonance

FIlms minces polymères par CVD et électrodeposition : élaboration, caractérisation, propriétes et applications

Ce mémoire traite de deux types de polymères en films minces: le poly (méthacrylate de méthyle) (PMMA) et le polypyrrole (PPy). Ces films minces ont été déposés par voie sèche et par voie humide. La voie sèche consiste à faire croitre les films polymères par un procédé original de dépôt chimique en phase vapeur assisté par photons (Chemical Vapor Deposition, CVD). La croissance implique l'activation UV des espèces monomères dans la phase gazeuse. Les deux polymères PMMA et PPy ont été obtenus pour la première fois par ce procédé de photo-CVD. La caractérisation des propriétés a mis en évidence des applications possibles en microélectronique, micro-optique et les dispositifs générant de la chaleur. La voie humide mise en œuvre pour déposer des films minces de polymères et d’hybrides organiques/inorganiques est une méthode électrochimique. Des films de PPy (organique) et de TiO2 nanostructuré (inorganique) ont été obtenus et caractérisés par différentes techniques électrochimiques. Des aspects supplémentaires de la croissance de PPy ont été mis en évidence par la résonance des plasmons de surface.The thesis deals with two types of polymeric thin films: poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polypyrrole (PPy). The thin films were grown by a dry and a wet route. The dry route involved the growth of the polymeric films by an original process of Chemical Vapor Deposition, namely Photo-CVD. The growth involves the UV activation of the monomer species in the gas phase. Both PMMA and PPy were obtained for the first time by this Photo-CVD. The characterization highlighted properties with possible applications in microelectronics, micro-optics and as heat generating devices. The wet route involved the growth of polymeric and hybrid organic/inorganic thin films by an electrochemical approach. Organic PPy and inorganic TiO2 nanostructures were obtained and characterized by various electrochemical techniques. The growth aspects of PPy were supplementary highlighted by the Surface Plasmon Resonance

Surface Features Changes and Corrosion Stability of Titanium Surfaces by Suitable Treatments

Keywords: titanium, TiO 2 film, surface treatments, corrosion stability Titanium is the ninth of the most common elements in the Earth's crust, with a crustal abundance of 0.5% (or 0.8% as titanium dioxide) The exposed surface of the titanium is however attacked by corrosion in the first part of the exposure at environment, but the growth of a naturally protective oxide layer (less than 10 nm thick) can prevent its degradation. When titanium is in a fully passive state, the corrosion rates in aqueous media are typically below 40 μm/year, a value much lowered as compared to the value of 130 μm/ year that is generally accepted by designers as standard for general corrosion The oxide layer occurred in direct contact with the Ti surface consists of TiO; the intermediate layer is composed of Ti 2 O 3 and the outer layer is TiO 2 To improve the stability and other functional properties of the oxide protective layer, and to change the surface morphology for various applications, the oxide layer is grown by different techniques leading to different morphologies and surface characteristics. For Depending on the preparation method, experimental conditions, and target applications, TiO 2 has a large variety of presentation forms: nanoparticles, nanorods, nanowires, nanotubes, under columnar or compact films and can be obtained in amorphous form or in three crystalline phases: anatase, rutile, and brookite. For each type of application there are some important properties for TiO 2 that are essential. As the most promising photocatalyst, TiO 2 materials have already an important role in solving many serious environmental and pollution challenges In medical applications, TiO 2 is used firstly as coating for Ti and Ti alloys to assure the protection against corrosion and secondly, a tissue-friendly nanostructure is designed in order to facilitate the integration of material in body In this work, three different techniques will be presented that deal with the formation of a thin layer of TiO 2 , which beside the protective aspects will be followed by properties that are valuable in the context of today's self-renewing energy or that responding to modern biomedical needs. These techniques (Chemical Vapour Deposition, anodic oxidation and laser treatment) have some advantages in the growth stages, and produce films with different properties which recommend them for specific applications