141 research outputs found
Studio della rete viaria della citta' di Livorno in previsione del Nuovo Polo Ospedaliero
La realizzazione del Nuovo Polo Ospedaliero di Livorno rientra all’interno del “Piano Sanitario Regionale 2002-2004: programma pluriennale di interventi sanitari strategici” che prevede una semplificazione della rete ospedaliera mediante una drastica riduzione del numero di ospedali ed un’importante riduzione del numero di posti letto; tale Piano prevede, inoltre, un riordino della rete ospedaliera mediante una suddivisione in “Ospedali di primo livello” (23), “Ospedali portanti” (14) e “Ospedali di riferimento regionale” (4).
La scelta univoca fatta in Regione Toscana prevede che gli Ospedali presenti nei Capoluoghi di Provincia, quando non sono più in grado di rispondere alle moderne esigenze di assistenza ospedaliera, non si riqualifichino ma si realizzino ex novo delocalizzandoli.
I nuovi Ospedali saranno “Strutture orientate ad interventi rapidi e di grande complessità e specialità, riservati a pazienti con forme acute, caratterizzate da numero di letti e tempi di degenza sempre più contenuti” (Fonte: “Deliberazione Consiglio R.T. n°31 del 12/2/2003”)
Left ventricular cavity obliteration during dobutamine stress echocardiography in diabetic patients
Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Urachal Anomalies in Cats and Dogs: Retrospective Study of 98 Cases (2009–2019)
This retrospective study investigated the prevalence of different urachal anomalies (UA) in cats (n = 60) and dogs (n = 38) and their association with clinical symptoms and urinalysis alterations. Among UA, the vesicourachal diverticulum was the most prevalent UA diagnosed in both cats (96.7%) and dogs (89.5%): the intramural vesicourachal diverticulum was diagnosed in 76.7% of cats and 71.1% of dogs, followed by extramural vesicourachal diverticulum (20.0% and 18.4% respectively). In both cats and dogs, bladder wall diffuse or regional thickening was the most prevalent alteration. The most common alterations of the urinary bladder content were urolithiasis sediment in cats (33.3%) and in dogs (31.6%). Dogs with UA were more often asymptomatic (p = 0.01). No difference was found in cats. Stranguria, hematuria, and urethral obstruction were the most frequently reported clinical signs, while hematuria and leukocyturia were the most prevalent abnormalities at urinalysis. In conclusion, our study confirmed UA as uncommon, and often incidental findings, with a high prevalence of animals without clinical signs
Direct‐acting antivirals for HCV treatment in older patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
n/
The timescales of chemical enrichment in the Galaxy
The time-scales of chemical enrichment are fundamental to understand the
evolution of abundances and abundance ratios in galaxies. In particular, the
time-scales for the enrichment by SNe II and SNe Ia are crucial in interpreting
the evolution of abundance ratios such as [alpha/Fe]. In fact, the
alpha-elements are produced mainly by SNe II on time-scales of the order of 3
to 30 Myr, whereas the Fe is mainly produced by SNe Ia on a larger range of
time-scales, going from 30 Myr to a Hubble time. This produces differences in
the [alpha/Fe] ratios at high and low redshift and it is known as "time-delay"
model. In this talk we review the most common progenitor models for SNe Ia and
the derived rates together with the effect of the star formation history on the
[alpha/Fe] versus [Fe/H] diagram in the Galaxy. From these diagrams we can
derive the timescale for the formation of the inner halo (roughly 2 Gyr), the
timescale for the formation of the local disk (roughly 7-8 Gyr) as well the
time-scales for the formation of the whole disk. These are functions of the
galactocentric distance and vary from 2-3 Gyr in the inner disk up to a Hubble
time in the outer disk (inside-out formation). Finally, the timescale for the
formation of the bulge is found to be no longer than 0.3 Gyr, similar to the
timescale for the formation of larger spheroids such as elliptical galaxies. We
show the time-delay model applied to galaxies of different morphological type,
identified by different star formation histories, and how it constrains
differing galaxy formation models.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure, invited talk at IAU Symposim 258 "Ages of Stars
The role of massive stars in galactic chemical evolution
I will review the role of massive stars in galactic evolution both from the
nucleosynthesis and energetics point of view. In particular, I will highlight
some important observational facts explained by means of massive stars in
galaxies of different morphological type: the Milky Way, ellipticals and dwarf
spheroidals. I will describe first the time-delay model and its interpretation
in terms of abundance ratios in galaxies, then I will discuss the importance of
mass loss in massive stars to reproduce the data in the Galactic bulge and
disk. I will discuss also how massive stars can be important producers of
primary nitrogen if rotation in stellar models is taken into account.
Concerning elliptical galaxies, I will show that to reproduce the observed
[Mg/Fe] versus Mass relation in these galaxies it is necessary to assume a more
important role of massive stars in more massive galaxies and that this can be
achieved by means of downsizing in star formation. I will discuss how massive
stars are responsible in triggering galactic winds both in ellipticals and
dwarf spheroidals. These latter systems show a low overabundance of
alpha-elements relative to Fe with respect to Galactic stars of the same
[Fe/H]: this is interpreted as due to a slow star formation coupled with very
efficient galactic winds. Finally, I will show a comparison between the
predicted Type Ib/c rates in galaxies and the observed GRB rate and how we can
impose constraints on the mechanism of galaxy formation by studying the GRB
rate at high redshift.Comment: 12 pages, 6 Figures. To appear on the Proceedings of the IAUS 25
Cosmic Supernova Rates and the Hubble Sequence
We compute the type Ia, Ib/c and II supernova (SN) rates as functions of the
cosmic time for galaxies of different morphological types. We use four
different chemical evolution models, each one reproducing the features of a
particular morphological type: E/S0, S0a/b, Sbc/d and Irr galaxies. We
essentially describe the Hubble sequence by means of decreasing efficiency of
star formation and increasing infall timescale. These models are used to study
the evolution of the SN rates per unit luminosity and per unit mass as
functions of cosmic time and as functions of the Hubble type. Our results
indicate that: (i) the observed increase of the SN rate per unit luminosity and
unit mass from early to late galaxy types is accounted for by our models. Our
explanation of this effect is related to the fact that the latest Hubble types
have the highest star formation rate per unit mass; (ii) By adopting a Scalo
(1986) initial mass function in spiral disks, we find that massive single stars
ending their lives as Wolf-Rayet objects are not sufficient to account for the
observed type Ib/c SN rate per unit mass. Less massive stars in close binary
systems can give instead a significant contribution to the local Ib/c SN rates.
On the other hand, with the assumption of a Salpeter (1955) IMF for all galaxy
types, single massive WR stars are sufficient to account for the observed type
Ib/c SN rate. (iii) Our models allow us to reproduce the observed type Ia SN
rate density up to redshift z~1. We predict an increasing type Ia SN rate
density with redshift, reaching a peak at redshift z >= 3, because of the
contribution of massive spheroids.Comment: ApJ, accepted for publication. 17 pages, 11 figure
Adiponectin, diabetes and ischemic heart failure: a challenging relationship
Abstract Background Several peptides, named adipokines, are produced by the adipose tissue. Among those, adiponectin (AD) is the most abundant. AD promotes peripheral insulin sensitivity, inhibits liver gluconeogenesis and displays anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. Lower levels of AD are related to a higher risk of myocardial infarction and a worse prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease. However, despite a favorable clinical profile, AD increases in relation to worsening heart failure (HF); in this context, higher adiponectinemia is reliably related to poor prognosis. There is still little knowledge about how certain metabolic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, modulate the relationship between AD and HF. We evaluated the level of adiponectin in patients with ischemic HF, with and without type 2 diabetes, to elucidate whether the metabolic syndrome was able to influence the relationship between AD and HF. Results We demonstrated that AD rises in patients with advanced HF, but to a lesser extent in diabetics than in non-diabetics. Diabetic patients with reduced systolic performance orchestrated a slower rise of AD which began only in face of overt HF. The different behavior of AD in the presence of diabetes was not entirely explained by differences in body mass index. In addition, NT-proBNP, the second strongest predictor of AD, did not differ significantly between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. These data indicate that some other mechanisms are involved in the regulation of AD in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. Conclusions AD rises across chronic heart failure stages but this phenomenon is less evident in type 2 diabetic patients. In the presence of diabetes, the progressive increase of AD in relation to the severity of LV dysfunction is hampered and becomes evident only in overt HF.</p
Resistin level in coronary artery disease and heart failure: the central role of kidney function
Androgen receptor regulation of the seladin-1/DHCR24 gene: altered expression in prostate cancer.
- …