A snapshot of noncommunicable disease profiles and their prescription costs at ten primary healthcare facilities in the in the western half of the Cape Town Metropole

Objectives: There has been a rapid increase in the prevalence of  noncommunicable diseases globally. It is thought that this increase will have the greatest impact on developing countries, such as South Africa, where it will adversely affect quality of life and increase healthcare costs. This research was conducted to determine the disease profile and cost of treating patients at 10 facilities in the western half of the Cape Town Metropole.Design: An analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out in order to interpret the cost of the medication in relation to the patient disease profile.Setting and subjects: Data were collected from 10 facilities in the western half of the Cape Town Metropole over a threemonth period.Outcome measure: The outcome measure was the disease profile of  patients attending the facilities and the cost of prescriptions for these patients.Results: Most patient visits to the community health centres were to treat chronic diseases (82%). The disease profile of patients was as follows: 58.96% had hypertension, 19.67% diabetes, 12.14% asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 21.80% arthritis. It was found that 65% of patients with a chronic condition had co-morbidities. The cost ofprescriptions was significantly higher (p-value < 0.001) for chronic  conditions than for acute conditions. The number of comorbidities per patient also influenced the cost of the prescriptions.Conclusion: The results indicated that most of the adults attending public sector facilities in the western half of the Cape Town Metropole have  chronic diseases and that the cost of treating these conditions is  significantly greater than that of treating acute conditions. An integrated approach to the management of chronic diseases is important in  low-resource settings for the efficient utilisation of limited resources

Atomic absorbers for controlling pulse propagation in resonators

We consider pulse propagation through a Fabry-Perot cavity with silver mirrors that contain macroscopic samples of resonant absorbers. We show that the pulse velocity can be tuned from subluminal to superluminal in a strongly coupled atom-cavity system. We delineate the effects of the interplay of cavity and absorbers. We demonstrate the saturation effects of pulse advancement with increasing mirror thickness and atomic damping

O PROFESSOR DE EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL, SUA FORMAÇÃO E A INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR DO ALUNO CEGO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO.

Esta tese versa acerca da compreensão dos aspectos concernentes à formação docente continuada da professora de Educação Especial e a situação de inclusão escolar e social do aluno cego, regularmente matriculado no 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental. A escola campo onde se deu o estudo pertence ao sistema municipal de ensino de Vila Velha, no Estado do Espírito Santo. A pesquisa realizada é de natureza qualitativa e seu delineamento está fundamentado em um estudo de caso. Os procedimentos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram entrevistas semiestruturadas (com captação de áudio), observações espontâneas (com escrita de diário pela pesquisadora e registros fotográficos), levantamento bibliográfico e documental compatível com a temática estudada. Os sujeitos participantes deste estudo foram: a professora de Educação Especial (sujeito principal), o aluno cego, a pedagoga e a diretora. A pesquisa avançou no intuito de permear as questões referentes ao processo de formação continuada da professora de Educação Especial e suas possíveis implicações para a escolarização do aluno cego, na perspectiva de identificação e análise da rotina de aulas (principalmente no âmbito do atendimento educacional especializado), das metodologias aplicadas para o ensino do aluno, assim como sobre as relações interpessoais vivenciadas no ambiente escolar; além de questões acerca do processo avaliativo ao qual o educando é submetido e a respeito de sua orientação e mobilidade. As análises desenvolvidas pautaram-se na perspectiva sócio-histórica, essencialmente vigotskiana, na tentativa de compreender, à guisa das experiências sociais, a percepção dos sujeitos deste estudo acerca da formação docente continuada e a escolarização do aluno cego, na perspectiva da inclusão, o que propiciou a constituição de reflexões que corroboram a importância da formação docente (inicial e continuada) para o processo instrucional de crianças cegas, compreendendo-se a indissociação dos perfis pessoal-profissional

Modelos de control quimioterapéutico contra Fasciola hepatica en ganado bovino en pastoreo en clima cálido húmedo

2 páginas.-- Trabajo presentado al XIII Congreso Latinoamericano de Parasitología ( La Habana, Cuba, 11 al 23 de Noviembre, 1997).La fasciolosis en bovinos en el estado de Veracruz, México, tiene una alta prevalencia, por lo que se considera una necesidad generar información sobre modelos de control. Con el objetivo de evaluar 3 modelos de tratamientos fasciolicidas aplicados de manera estratégica en base a las condiciones climatológicas locales, se emplearon 3 grupos de 23 vacunos cada uno, hembras cruces de cebú con suizo pardo, homogéneos en las cantidades de huevos de 5 g de heces. Se utilizó el triclabendazol a dosis de 12 mg/kg. El grupo 1 fue tratado en enero, el 2 en enero y junio, y el 3 en enero, junio y octubre. Cada 45 días se les practicaron exámenes coprológicos cuantitativos (hpg) por la técnica de sedimentación durante un año. Los bovinos se encontraban localizados en una finca situada en el municipio de Nautla, Estado de Veracruz. Se encontró en el grupo 1 la prevalencia al inicio de 100%, en los siguientes 5 muestreos fue de 21.7 a 91.3 % y en el resto de 100%, mientras que el x de hpg al inicio fue de 13.23.14 se redujo en 5 muestreos de 0.560.26 a 12.12.02 mientras que en 4 se incrementó de 14.63.87 a 21.1 3.06 con diferencia (P0.01) entre el primer muestreo y los siguientes. En el grupo 2 la prevalencia al inicio fue de 100%, posteriormente se redujo en 8 muestreos de 8.6% a 95.6%, mientras que el último muestreo fue de 100%, el x de hpg al inicio fue de 15.043.62 se redujo en 8 muestreos de 0.170.13 a 14.102.13 mientras que el penúltimo muestreo fue de 15.733.07 con diferencia entre el primer muestreo hasta el 8, pero sin diferencia con el 9 y el 10 (P0.01). En el grupo 3 la prevalencia al inicio fue de 100% en los siguientes muestreos se redujo de 15.07% a 94.4%, mientras el x de hpg al inicio fue de 13.132.24 disminuyó en los subsecuentes muestreos 0.270.13 a 11.554.56 se encontró que hubo diferencia entre el primer muestreo con todos los subsecuentes (P0.01). Al comparar entre grupos mediante la prueba de Kruskall-Wallis se encontró que hay diferencia (P0.01) del muestreo 8 al 10.Peer reviewe

Control of superluminal transit through a heterogeneous medium

We consider pulse propagation through a two component composite medium (metal inclusions in a dielectric host) with or without cavity mirrors. We show that a very thin slab of such a medium, under conditions of localized plasmon resonance, can lead to significant superluminality with detectable levels of transmitted pulse. A cavity containing the heterogeneous medium is shown to lead to subluminal-to-superluminal transmission depending on the volume fraction of the metal inclusions. The predictions of phase time calculations are verified by explicit calculations of the transmitted pulse shapes. We also demonstrate the independence of the phase time on system width and the volume fraction under specific conditions.Comment: 21 Pages,5 Figures (Published in Journal of Modern Optics

A snapshot of noncommunicable disease profiles and their prescription costs at ten primary healthcare facilities in the in the western half of the Cape Town metropole

Objectives: There has been a rapid increase in the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases globally. It is thought that this increase will have the greatest impact on developing countries, such as South Africa, where it will adversely affect quality of life and increase healthcare costs. This research was conducted to determine the disease profile and cost of treating patients at 10 facilities in the western half of the Cape Town Metropole. Design: An analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out in order to interpret the cost of the medication in relation to the patient disease profile. Setting and subjects: Data were collected from 10 facilities in the western half of the Cape Town Metropole over a three-month period. Outcome measure: The outcome measure was the disease profile of patients attending the facilities and the cost of prescriptions for these patients. Results: Most patient visits to the community health centres were to treat chronic diseases (82%). The disease profile of patients was as follows: 58.96% had hypertension, 19.67% diabetes, 12.14% asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 21.80% arthritis. It was found that 65% of patients with a chronic condition had co-morbidities. The cost of prescriptions was significantly higher (p-value < 0.001) for chronic conditions than for acute conditions. The number of comorbidities per patient also influenced the cost of the prescriptions. Conclusion: The results indicated that most of the adults attending public sector facilities in the western half of the Cape Town Metropole have chronic diseases and that the cost of treating these conditions is significantly greater than that of treating acute conditions. An integrated approach to the management of chronic diseases is important in low-resource settings for the efficient utilisation of limited resources

The triennial International Pigment Cell Conference (IPCC)

The International Federation of Pigment Cell Societies (IFPCS) held its XXIII triennial International Pigment Cell Conference (IPCC) in Denver, Colorado in August 2017. The goal of the summit was to provide a venue promoting a vibrant interchange among leading basic and clinical researchers working on leading-edge aspects of melanocyte biology and disease. The philosophy of the meeting, entitled Breakthroughs in Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research, was to deliver a comprehensive program in an inclusive environment fostering scientific exchange and building new academic bridges. This document provides an outlook on the history, accomplishments, and sustainability of the pigment cell and melanoma research community. Shared progress in the understanding of cellular homeostasis of pigment cells but also clinical successes and hurdles in the treatment of melanoma and dermatological disorders continue to drive future research activities. A sustainable direction of the societies creates an international forum identifying key areas of imminent needs in laboratory research and clinical care and ensures the future of this vibrant, diverse and unique research community at the same time. Important advances showcase wealth and breadth of the field in melanocyte and melanoma research and include emerging frontiers in melanoma immunotherapy, medical and surgical oncology, dermatology, vitiligo, albinism, genomics and systems biology, precision bench-to-bedside approaches, epidemiology, pigment biophysics and chemistry, and evolution. This report recapitulates highlights of the federate meeting agenda designed to advance clinical and basic research frontiers from melanoma and dermatological sciences followed by a historical perspective of the associated societies and conferences

Electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) funding protocol

No Abstrac

Performance Improvement of IUPQC in Distribution System under Abnormal Conditions Using PID

To improve the performance of feeders in the distribution system a new topology is introduced in this paper based on the interline unified power quality conditioner (IUPQC). This IUPQC consists of both series and shunt voltage source converters and these to are connected together to form a common bus which is placed in between the 2 different feeders to compensate the bus voltage in one feeder while controlling the voltage across the non-linear load in the other feeder. In the earlier stage the IUPQC is operated with VSC’S with PI controller to mitigate the harmonics and sags, but in this paper by using of PID controller the faults in the feeders like sags and swells are reduced and efficiency of the feeder are also improved and it is observed and simulated using of MATLAB/ SIMULINK