Cavernous haemangioma of the external auditory canal: clinical case and review of the literature

Although benign vascular lesions are frequent in the head and the neck region, clinical evidence of cavernous haemangioma of the external auditory canal is extremely rare; when present, the lesion invades the middle ear space. Herein, a rare case of a soft mass filling the external auditory canal, not involving the tympanic membrane, in a symptomatic 59-year-old male is described. Clinical and audiological characteristics, imaging studies and surgical treatment with histological evaluation are reported, which led to a diagnosis of a cavernous haemangioma. This is only the seventh case described in the literature, to date, not involving the tympanic membrane and the middle ear space. In addition, a review has been made of the relevant literature with respect to epidemiology, presentation, evaluation, pathology, and management options for haemangiomas arising in the external auditory canal

Demonstration of early functional compromise of bone marrow derived hematopoietic progenitor cells during bovine neonatal pancytopenia through in vitro culture of bone marrow biopsies

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Bovine neonatal pancytopenia (BNP) is a syndrome characterised by thrombocytopenia associated with marked bone marrow destruction in calves, widely reported since 2007 in several European countries and since 2011 in New Zealand. The disease is epidemiologically associated with the use of an inactivated bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) vaccine and is currently considered to be caused by absorption of colostral antibody produced by some vaccinated cows (“BNP dams”). Alloantibodies capable of binding to the leukocyte surface have been detected in BNP dams and antibodies recognising bovine MHC class I and β-2-microglobulin have been detected in vaccinated cattle. In this study, calves were challenged with pooled colostrum collected from BNP dams or from non-BNP dams and their bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) cultured <it>in vitro</it> from sternal biopsies taken at 24 hours and 6 days post-challenge.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Clonogenic assay demonstrated that CFU-GEMM (colony forming unit-granulocyte/erythroid/macrophage/megakaryocyte; pluripotential progenitor cell) colony development was compromised from HPCs harvested as early as 24 hour post-challenge. By 6 days post challenge, HPCs harvested from challenged calves failed to develop CFU-E (erythroid) colonies and the development of both CFU-GEMM and CFU-GM (granulocyte/macrophage) was markedly reduced.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study suggests that the bone marrow pathology and clinical signs associated with BNP are related to an insult which compromises the pluripotential progenitor cell within the first 24 hours of life but that this does not initially include all cell types.</p

The Bile Response Repressor BreR Regulates Expression of the Vibrio cholerae breAB Efflux System Operon

Enteric pathogens have developed several resistance mechanisms to survive the antimicrobial action of bile. We investigated the transcriptional profile of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor strain C6706 under virulence gene-inducing conditions in the presence and absence of bile. Microarray analysis revealed that the expression of 119 genes was affected by bile. The mRNA levels of genes encoding proteins involved in transport were increased in the presence of bile, whereas the mRNA levels of genes encoding proteins involved in pathogenesis and chemotaxis were decreased. This study identified genes encoding transcriptional regulators from the TetR family (vexR and breR) and multidrug efflux pumps from the resistance-nodulation-cell division superfamily (vexB and vexD [herein renamed breB]) that were induced in response to bile. Further analysis regarding vexAB and breABexpression in the presence of various antimicrobial compounds established that vexAB was induced in the presence of bile, sodium dodecyl sulfate, or novobiocin and that the induction of breAB was specific to bile. BreR is a direct repressor of the breAB promoter and is able to regulate its own expression, as demonstrated by transcriptional and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). The expression of breR and breAB is induced in the presence of the bile salts cholate, deoxycholate, and chenodeoxycholate, and EMSA showed that deoxycholate is able to abolish the formation of BreR-PbreR complexes. We propose that deoxycholate is able to interact with BreR and induce a conformational change that interferes with the DNA binding ability of BreR, resulting in breAB and breR expression. These results provide new insight into a transcriptional regulator and a transport system that likely play essential roles in the ability of V. cholerae to resist the action of bile in the host

The Associative Field Of The Lexemes "Work" In Russian And Tatar Language Consciousness

At present time, one of the most important directions in linguistics is the study of the linguistic consciousness of man, the tradition of research of which goes back to the ideas of W. von Humboldt about the link between the language and the spirit of the people. Among the methods of research of linguistic consciousness, one distinguishes an associative experiment, which is a survey of the informants united by some commonality (language, profession, territory of residence, etc.) for revealing their associations-reactions to a certain stimulus. The following methods of linguistic analysis were used in the paper: generalization and systematization, analytical method, descriptive, comparative methods, and also the method of association experiment, etc.The association experiments with 500 students of the city of Kazan, the native speakers of the Tatar language,were conductedIn the course of the research. The results were compared with the materials of the “The Slavic Associative Dictionary” (2004).This paper analyzes and identifies the general and specific features of the associative fields of the lexemes “Ñш”in the Tatar language and “работа”/“work” in the Russian language. An analysis of the responses received by the respondents showed that the associative fields of the lexemes “Ñш” in Tatar and“работа”/“work” in Russian coincided in general. However, Tatar native speakers have more associations with the components of the meaning “Ñ‚Ñжелый”/ “heavy”, “трудноÑÑ‚ÑŒ”/“difficulty”, etc., often characterizing physical labour. Russian-speaking young people more often associate their future with comfortable mental work indoors.The associations of Russian speakers are distinguished by a wide variety of associates with negative connotations, reduced stylistic characteristics, and the use of answers of paremiological origin.Thus, the association experiment allows of revealing the content systemacyof thetypeofconsciousness behind the word in different languages, and confirms the uniqueness, the inimitability of the image of the world of each culture. The research to have been carried out has practical significance, since the obtained results are a valuable and sufficiently reliable material for studying certain fragments of linguistic consciousness, national-specific phenomena, knowledge, value orientations, and so on.

Markers of masculinity in Khanty, Russian, Kazakh and Chinese folklore: Pragma-Cognitive aspect

The article is devoted to the analysis of the psycholinguistic features of the male portrait in fairy tales in the different structural linguistic cultures: Khanty, Russian, Kazakh and Chinese. The choice is determined by the belonging of these peoples to traditional cultures with varying degrees of transformation of behavioral stereotypes. Traditional culture considers a man as the head of a large family, a protector, a breadwinner, a landowner with the competencies of a fisherman and a hunter, so a woman with children needs his help and care. In this regard, the purpose of this study is the need, based on the psycholinguistic features of personal characteristics, to reveal the masculine image in the tales of Khanty, Russians, Kazakhs and Chinese. The authors analyze the psycholinguistic and stylistic means of representing masculine traits in the fairy tales of these peoples. Kazakh, Khanty, Russian and Chinese fairy tales for the first time become the object of psycholinguistic characterization of personal characteristics on the example of the image of masculinity. The course of reasoning on the topic of the study leads the authors to the conclusion that the analyzed original texts of fairy tales contrast with a reliable representation of the ethnic group.&nbsp; The traditional male portrait is shown from the position of describing the psycholinguistic features of personal characteristics, through the relationship of the main characters, through their external and internal speech. This approach makes it possible to identify a set of ethnic, social, historical and geographical factors inextricably linked with language, on the one hand, and on the other – caused by psychological manifestations

Organic Matter Sequestration Under Coffee Plantation Based on Slope and Crop Age in Sibarasok Maninjau, West Sumatra Indonesia

Organic matter is one parameter of soil properties which can be used as an indicator of soil physical quality and environmental sustainability. The objective of this research was to determine the amount of OM being sequestered under coffee plantation based on slope and crop age at the top 30 cm soil. The research took place in Sibarasok Maninjau, Agam Regency, West Sumatra Indonesia, on which the coffee plantation has been started since the Dutch colonial (in 1936). Based on the research conducted, it was found that the SOC content on the top 30 cm soil was quite high, it reached 4.44% to 7.39% while on the top 5 cm was 8.37%-12.58%. After being calculated with the bulk density of the soil, the stock of OM on the top 30 cm soil was 244 to 368 Mg/ha. Slope showed significant difference on the SOM content. The soil was dominated by loam texture with coarse (sand + silt) particles was >76%, therefore, it had high hydraulic conductivity (12.80 cm/h), but low bulk density (0.93 Mg/m3), medium total soil porosity(64.73%), and high aggregate stability (137.81) in average

Use of Drugs that Act on the Cytochrome P450 System in the Elderly

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to analyze medications that act on the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymatic system and are used daily by non-institutionalized elderly individuals. METHODS: A cross-sectional population-based study of elderly individuals (> 60 years old) was conducted. All continuously used medications with hepatic metabolism via CYP450 that are classified as substrates, inducers or inhibitors were considered. For the analysis, elderly individuals were stratified according to age groups, and hepatic metabolism activity due to daily alcohol consumption and smoking were considered. RESULTS: Elderly individuals (396 in total: 222 women and 174 men) between 60 and 95 years of age (mean: 72.1) were assessed. Use of drugs that act on CYP450 was identified in 61.6% of the subjects. Drug use was observed among 16.2% of the subjects: three drugs among 9.8% and four or more among 6.3% of the subjects. The metabolic activities of the drugs used were classified as substrates (58.8%), inhibitors (14.9%), and inducers (4.3%). The main drugs used were beta-blockers and statins (as substrates), proton pump inhibitors and fluoxetine (as inhibitors), and prednisone and carbamazepine (as inducers). CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that the elderly use high levels of medications that act on CYP450, thereby increasing the risk of drug interactions in a group that is already vulnerable to adverse drug effects