115 research outputs found
O processo de (des) continuidade socioterritorial no projeto de assentamento Irmã Adelaide, Miracema do Tocantins – TO
This work of dissertation had as objective to analyze the dynamics of socioterritorial and
economic continuity, of the peasants of P.A Sister Adelaide; as well as to understand the
socioeconomic situation of families observing the possibilities and expectations of socioterritorial
continuity in the face of the contradictions of the capitalist mode of production. The
analysis was based on a bibliographical review and conceptual readings related to the research
theme, information was collected about income source (s) and through fieldwork, application
of questionnaires and interviews, regarding the cultivation in the lots ; number of family
members residing in and outside Brazil, reasons that led to the migration, difficulties
encountered by the families that remain. FrA. Adelaide is part of the municipality of
Miracema do Tocantins - TO, has 106 families settled, was created in 1988, its name is a nun
tribute militant Sister Adelaide. Murdered in 1985 for being always linked to issues of
disputes over land and conflict in the southern state of Pará. Within the historical context of
formation of the movement that fought for the creation of PA Sister Adelaide, we can
highlight the direct participation of people who came from several corners of Brazil. Most of
the workers are from the municipality of Miracema do Tocantins - TO. The presence of
workers from other regions makes us believe how high the demand for landless workers is
also high in other Brazilian states. The reality of the Sister Adelaide settlement project is no
different from most of the existing settlements in Tocantins, preserving their proper
specificities of daily life and the struggle to remain on earth. It was observed that short-cycle
crops predominate in the settlement, as is the case of maize, cassava, beans and rice, for
family sustenance. The income of small-scale agricultural and livestock production in Sister
Adelaide PA can approach a minimum wage value or more, it has been identified, the
predominance of social problems still unresolved, such as that must be overcome, such as
housing reform, care doctor in the health clinic, and bank credit so that they can invest in the
cultivation of the products, the prospects of the settlers are to continue in the PA and that they
are attended by the agrarian Reform policies.Este trabalho de dissertação tem como objetivo analisar a dinâmica de continuidade
socioterritorial e econômica, dos camponeses do P.A Irmã Adelaide, bem como entender a
situação socioeconômica das famílias observando as possibilidades e expectativas de
continuidade socioterritorial perante as contradições do modo de produção capitalista. Para
realização da análise baseou-se em uma revisão bibliográfica e leituras conceituais referentes
ao tema da pesquisa, foram coletadas informações acerca de fonte(s) de renda e através de
trabalhos de campo, aplicação de questionários e entrevistas, a respeito do cultivo nos lotes,
número de membros das famílias residentes no P.A e fora dele, motivos que levaram à
migração, dificuldades encontradas pelas famílias que permanecem. O P.A Irmã Adelaide faz
parte do município de Miracema do Tocantins - TO, conta com 106 famílias assentadas, foi
criado em 1998, e seu nome é uma homenagem a freira militante Irmã Adelaide, assassinada
em 1985 em virtude de estar ligada às questões de disputas por terras e conflitos no sul do
estado do Pará sempre defendendo o trabalhador camponês. Dentro do contexto histórico de
formação do movimento que lutou pela criação do P.A Irmã Adelaide, podemos destacar a
participação direta de pessoas que vieram de vários cantos do Brasil. No entanto a maioria dos
trabalhadores é de origem do próprio município de Miracema do Tocantins – TO. A presença
de trabalhadores de outras regiões nos faz acreditar como é alta a demanda de trabalhadores
sem terra também nos outros estados brasileiros. A realidade do projeto de assentamento Irmã
Adelaide não é diferente da maioria dos assentamentos existentes no Tocantins, guardada suas
devidas especificidades do cotidiano e da luta por permanecer na terra. Observou-se que no
assentamento predomina as culturas de ciclos curtos, como é o caso do milho, da mandioca,
do feijão e do arroz, para o sustento familiar. A renda da pequena produção agrícola e da
pecuária no P.A Irmã Adelaide pode se aproximar ao valor de um salário mínimo ou mais, Fo
identificado a predominância de problemas sociais ainda não solucionados, e que devem ser
superados, como reforma das habitações, atendimento médico no posto de saúde, a busca por
créditos bancários para que possam investir no cultivo da produção. Diante disso as
perspectivas dos assentados são de continuar no Projeto de Assentamento tendo em vista que
esperam serem atendidos pelas políticas de Reforma agrária do governo federal
Geometry of Brane-Worlds
The most general geometrical scenario in which the brane-world program can be
implemented is investigated. The basic requirement is that it should be
consistent with the confinement of gauge interaction, the existence of quantum
states and the embedding in a bulk with arbitrary dimensions, signature and
topology.
It is found that the embedding equations are compatible with a wide class of
Lagrangians, starting with a modified Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian as the
simplest one, provided minimal boundaries are added to the bulk.
A non-trivial canonical structure is derived, suggesting a canonical
quantization of the brane-world geometry relative to the extra dimensions,
where the quantum states are set in correspondence with high frequency
gravitational waves. It is shown that in the cases of at least six dimensions,
there exists a confined gauge field included in the embedding structure. The
size of extra dimensions compatible with the embedding is calculated and found
to be different from the one derived with product topology.Comment: Minor changes and a correction to equation (22). 9 pages twocolumn
Revte
The accelerating universe in brane-world cosmology
The standard Friedmann universe embedded in a five dimensional and constant
curvature bulk is examined without any a priori junction condition between the
brane and the bulk. A geometrical explanation for the accelerated expansion of
the universe is derived by using a minimum set of assumptions consistent with
the brane-world program. It is shown that the extrinsic curvature of the brane
can be associated to the dark energy which presumably drives the universe
expansion.Comment: Revtex, 4 page
D-Dimensional Radiative Plasma: A Kinetic Approach
The covariant kinetic approach for the radiative plasma, a mixture of a
relativistic moving gas plus radiation quanta (photons, neutrinos, or
gravitons) is generalized to D spatial dimensions. The operational and physical
meaning of Eckart's temperature is reexamined and the D-dimensional expressions
for the transport coefficients (heat conduction, bulk and shear viscosity) are
explicitly evaluated to first order in the mean free time of the radiation
quanta. Weinberg's conclusion that the mixture behaves like a relativistic
imperfect simple fluid (in Eckart's formulation) depends neither on the number
of spatial dimensions nor on the details of the collisional term. The case of
Thomson scaterring is studied in detail, and some consequences for higher
dimensional cosmologies are also discussed.Comment: 28 pages, 1 figure, uses REVTE
The Deformable Universe
The concept of smooth deformations of a Riemannian manifolds, recently
evidenced by the solution of the Poincar\'e conjecture, is applied to
Einstein's gravitational theory and in particular to the standard FLRW
cosmology. We present a brief review of the deformation of Riemannian geometry,
showing how such deformations can be derived from the Einstein-Hilbert
dynamical principle. We show that such deformations of space-times of general
relativity produce observable effects that can be measured by four-dimensional
observers. In the case of the FLRW cosmology, one such observable effect is
shown to be consistent with the accelerated expansion of the universe.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX, 3 figure
Localization of gravity in brane world with arbitrary extra dimensions
We study the induced 4-dimensional linearized Einstein field equations in an
m-dimensional bulk space by means of a confining potential. It is shown that in
this approach the mass of graviton is quantized. The cosmological constant
problem is also addressed within the context of this approach. We show that the
difference between the values of the cosmological constant in particle physics
and cosmology stems from our measurements in two different scales, small and
large.Comment: 8 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:gr-qc/0408004, arXiv:gr-qc/0607067, arXiv:0704.1035, arXiv:0707.3558,
arXiv:0710.266
Early age of onset of drug use in Paraguayan children and adolescents: a public health challenge: Edad temprana de inicio de uso de drogas en niños y adolescentes paraguayos: un desafío de salud pública
La edad de inicio del consumo de drogas legales e ilegales es una variable crucial en el campo de la salud mental. Permite a clínicos y a investigadores de todo el mundo intentar predecir el riesgo vital de trastornos por uso de sustancias, enfermedad mental y adaptación social, y a diseñar estrategias de prevención e intervenciones precoces para hacer frente a estas entidades. El uso de drogas legales o ilegales durante la infancia y la adolescencia ha sido asociado a un vasto rango de malos resultados por distintos autores. El efecto del uso de sustancias al parecer incluye no sólo resultados relacionados con la salud, sino que posee también implicancias sociales negativas a largo plazo que afectan el sustento de los individuos. El inicio temprano del uso de drogas legales e ilegales es una epidemia social en Paraguay (Sudamérica). En este breve artículo, nuestro objetivo es presentar los pocos estudios realizados en el país que muestran una edad extremadamente temprana de inicio del consumo de drogas y proporcionar algunos argumentos sobre por qué estos datos deberían ser motivo de preocupación para los responsables de la formulación de políticas en el país.
Palabras clave: Edad de inicio; Uso de drogas; Niños; Adolescentes.
ABSTRACT
The age of onset of legal and illegal drugs use is a crucial variable in the mental health field. It enables clinicians and researchers across the world to try to predict the lifetime risk of substance use disorders, mental illness and social adaptation, and to tailor prevention strategies and early interventions to address these entities. The use of legal or illegal drugs during childhood and adolescence has been linked to a vast range of bad outcomes by different authors. The effect of substance use seems to include not only health-related issues, but it also has long-term negative social implications that affect the livelihood of the individuals. Early initiation of legal and illegal drug use is a social epidemic in Paraguay (South America). In this brief piece, we aim to present the few studies done in the country showing an extremely early age of onset of drug use and to provide some arguments for why this data should be of concern for policy makers in the country.
Keywords: Age of onset; Drug use; Children; Adolescents
Mental Healthcare for refugees: Atención en Salud Mental para refugiados
The aim of this paper is to highlight some of the difficulties that mental health providers face when trying to provide the best standard of mental healthcare to refugees, especially in countries where the political environment is skeptic of, or even hostile to, creating programs specifically designed to improve the standard of living of this population. We also focus briefly on the dichotomy between the need to do research in this population in order to obtain data that will help us offer the best care possible to them, and the peril of undermining their autonomy by subjecting them to studies they might have otherwise refused to be part of, if they were in a less precarious position. Throughout the article, we offer practical advice that mental healthcare providers can follow to ensure that they are offering the best possible care to their patients while remaining respectful of their rights.
Keywords: Mental health providers; Mental healthcare; Refugees
On the embedding of branes in five-dimensional spaces
We investigate the embedding of four-dimensional branes in five-dimensional
spaces. We firstly consider the case when the embedding space is a vacuum bulk
whose energy-momentum tensor consists of a Dirac delta function with support in
the brane. We then consider the embedding in the context of
Randall-Sundrum-type models, taking into account symmetry and a
cosmological constant. We employ the Campbell-Magaard theorem to construct the
embeddings and are led to the conclusion that the content of energy-matter of
the brane does not necessarily determine its curvature. Finally, as an
application to illustrate our results, we construct the embedding of Minkowski
spacetime filled with dust.Comment: 12 pages - REVTEX To appear in Classical and Quantum Gravit
¿Mejora el PILATES la salud mental?
El Pilates es una forma alternativa de terapia física de baja a moderada intensidad, predominantemente realizada en el suelo y que se enfoca en abordar estabilidad, fuerza muscular, flexibilidad, respiración y postura. Existe evidencia que sostiene su utilidad en la salud física. En cambio, la evidencia es todavía limitada en cuanto a su efectividad para mejorar la salud mental. El objetivo de este artículo de revisión fue resaltar la evidencia preliminar que apoya la utilidad del Pilates en la mejora de la salud mental y variables psicológicas de las personas. Esta fue una revisión narrativa, no sistemática, centrada en literatura primaria, seleccionada de una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed y SciELO. Los términos clave que se utilizaron fueron los siguientes: "Pilates y salud mental”, “Pilates y trastornos mentales” y “Pilates y psiquiatría”. Los resultados fueron complementados con literatura secundaria (libros y capítulos de libros). Todos los miembros del equipo de investigación participaron en la revisión de la literatura. Todo lo anterior se realizó a fin de brindar una orientación general que sirva a médicos psiquiatras y a fisioterapeutas en el diseño de planes terapéuticos que complementen a los psicofármacos, la psicoterapia y al ejercicio físico convencional
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