Efficiency of Training Emotional Intelligence on Reducing Alexithymia Syndrome in Third Grade Male High School Students

In this study, the efficiency of training emotional intelligence components on reducing Alexithymia syndrome has been investigated, first using TAS_20 test and emotional intelligent test 20 high school students were selected who have received the highest scores in Alexithymia test and the lowest scores in emotional intelligence test and they were provided with intelligence components within 8 sections. Comparing the results of both control and experimental groups showed that teaching emotional components leads to reduction of Alexithymia syndrome and is significant in the level F(1,17) = 293/86, P = 0/001)

In-Vitro Investigation of the Fracture Strength of Pulpotomized Primary Molars Restored with Glass Ionomer, Amalgam and Composite Resin with and without Cusp Reduction

Objective: Resistance to fracture is a critical issue when it comes to tooth restoration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of pulpotomized primary molars restored with glass ionomer (GI), amalgam and composite resin with and without cusp reduction.Methods: In this in-vitro experimental study, 60 extracted primary teeth were randomly divided into 6 groups of 10. In all groups except for the control group, conventional pulpotomy and MOD cavity preparation were performed in a way that the cavity isthmus width was equal to two-third of the inter cuspal distance. Group 1 teeth were restored with Kerr amalgam and underwent 1.5 mm cusp reduction, group 2 received Z250 composite resin onlay with 1.5 mm cuspal coverage, group 3 was restored similar to group 2 but without cusp reduction, group 4 was restored as group 3 but with Quixfil composite and group 5 was restored just like the former two groups but with GI. The  restored teeth underwent thermocycling and were subjected to Universal Testing Machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The recorded fracture resistance of specimens was compared. One- way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.Results: The mean fracture resistance was 2001.929 in the control group, 904.749 in the amalgam group, 1101.736 in Z250 composite with no cusp reduction group, 1036.185 in the Quixfil  composite with no cusp reduction, 945.096 in the Z250 composite with cusp reduction and 850.313 in the GI group. The difference between the control group and other understudy groups was statistically significant (p<0.0001) but other differences were not statistically meaningful.Conclusion: Although in none of the groups the fracture strength was equal to that of intact primary teeth, the obtained values were within the normal range of masticatory forces

The Effects of Different Dose of Chronic Ritalin on the Brain of Prepubertal Female Balb/C Mice

Background Methylphenidate (MPH) is commonly prescribed for children who have been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, the action mechanisms of methylphenidate have not been fully elucidated. Studies have shown a relationship between apoptosis signaling pathways and psychiatric disorders, as well as therapeutic targets for such disorders. So, we examined the effects of chronic methylphenidate administration on the brain of mice. Materials and Methods Animals were administered MPH at doses of 2, 5 and 10 mg/kg for 60 days.  At the age of three months and in estrous phase, brian tissues were removed and washed in cold phosphate-buffered saline and some of them were frozen at -80oC for Western blot analysis. We measured the levels of pro-apoptotic protein, Bax and anti-apoptoticprotein, Bcl-2, in the brain of neonate female Balb/c mice. The rest of the brains were fixed in formalin (10% phosphate-buffered, pH = 7.4). Then samples were embedded in paraffin according to routine histologic procedures. Results: Our results showed that MPH with a dose of 10 mg/kg causes a considerable increase in the level of the Bax protein as compared with other groups. In contrast, in the partial cortex of female mice under treatment with high dose of MPH (10 mg/kg) could less Bcl2 levels as compared with 5 mg/kg MPH. However, 5 mg/kg MPH have a significant effect on Bcl2 levels compare with each of mentioned doses (

The Relation between Demographic Factors, Family History, Concomitant Autoimmune Diseases and Glycemic Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes, A Cross- Sectional Study

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a common disease which causes acute and chronic complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis, retinopathy, nephropathy, and atherosclerosis. Improvement in glycemic control can prevent these complications.&nbsp;Objectives: This study aimed to assess the role of demographic factors, family history of diabetes and concomitant autoimmune diseases on glycemic control in children with T1DM in the south of Iran.&nbsp;Materials and Methods: One hundred children with T1DM who were referred to a pediatric diabetes subspecialty clinic were enrolled in the study. Patients with type 2 and other types of diabetes and the ones whose diabetes type was not clinically clear were excluded from the study. After taking&nbsp; history and physical examination, data collection forms about the participants’ demographic factors were filled out. Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) level, total Immunoglobulin A (IgA), anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA, T4 and thyroid stimulating hormone were measured. Descriptive statistics were applied for analysis of the data.Results: Older patients had significantly higher HbA1c levels (P-value= 0.023) According to linear regression model, HbA1C level increases up to about %12 per year. Other factors such as sex, parental education, and family history of diabetes and concomitant autoimmune diseases (hypothyroidism and celiac disease) had no significant relationship with HbA1C level.Conclusions: As the patient grows, his/ her glycemic control worsens. Therefore, more strict efforts should be made as to education, more expert visits and more social aids in order to protect from short term and long term complications.</p

The effects of mobile text messages on raising knowledge of men with type 2 diabetes, Isfahan, 2015: an educational experimental study

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders which are rapidly increasing. Distance training is a cost-effective, easy and accessible way in which time and place dimensions of communication are removed. Objective: To determine the effects of mobile text messages on raising knowledge of men with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This educational experiment recruited 76 people selected by convenient sampling from a population of male patients with type 2 diabetes presenting to Sedigheh Tahereh Research Center in Isfahan, Iran, in 2015. They were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. Data were collected with a questionnaire of demographic characteristics and questions pertaining to the variable of knowledge, through interview. The intervention group received training and follow-up through cell phones and text messages for 12 weeks. Data were analyzed in IBM-SPSS version 20 using Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square, Independent-samples t-test and paired-samples t-test. Results: Findings suggested that patients' knowledge in both groups significantly increased after the training (p<0.001). However, this rise in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results indicated that designing and implementing educational programs based on text messages and cell phones can improve knowledge in diabetic

Surface protein mutations in chronic hepatitis B patients who received hepatitis B vaccine therapy

Objective (s):The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between vaccine therapy and appearance of mutations in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients. Materials and Methods: 16 patients received the HBV vaccine and another 16 individuals from the control group did not. The surface gene was amplified and directly sequenced from samples prior to vaccination and six months after the third dose. Results:Only one patient lost HBsAg. 48 and 44 amino acid mutations were found before and after vaccine therapy in the vaccine group respectively, 51 of which (55.4%) occurred in immune epitopes: 5 were in B cell, 21 in T helper (Th), and 25 in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes. In the control group, 35 and 41 amino acid substitutions were found before and after therapy, respectively. 32 (42%) of 76 amino acid changes occurred within immune epitopes. There were no differences in age, gender, and duration of chronicity in both patient and control groups in terms of the frequency and the patterns of mutations. Conclusion: In chronic carriers who already had HBsAg variants selected by the host-immune response, any immune stimulation by the vaccine had no effect on the chronic state of these patients or selected any remarkable escape mutants. Newer strategies should be considered based on third generation or the use of DNA vaccines or new adjuvants