51 research outputs found

    Expanding the clinical spectrum of hereditary fibrosing poikiloderma with tendon contractures, myopathy and pulmonary fibrosis due to <i>FAM111B </i>mutations

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    BACKGROUND: Hereditary Fibrosing Poikiloderma (HFP) with tendon contractures, myopathy and pulmonary fibrosis (POIKTMP [MIM 615704]) is a very recently described entity of syndromic inherited poikiloderma. Previously by using whole exome sequencing in five families, we identified the causative gene, FAM111B (NM_198947.3), the function of which is still unknown. Our objective in this study was to better define the specific features of POIKTMP through a larger series of patients. METHODS: Clinical and molecular data of two families and eight independent sporadic cases, including six new cases, were collected. RESULTS: Key features consist of: (i) early-onset poikiloderma, hypotrichosis and hypohidrosis; (ii) multiple contractures, in particular triceps surae muscle contractures; (iii) diffuse progressive muscular weakness; (iv) pulmonary fibrosis in adulthood and (v) other features including exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, liver impairment and growth retardation. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging was informative and showed muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration. Histological examination of skeletal muscle revealed extensive fibroadipose tissue infiltration. Microscopy of the skin showed a scleroderma-like aspect with fibrosis and alterations of the elastic network. FAM111B gene analysis identified five different missense variants (two recurrent mutations were found respectively in three and four independent families). All the mutations were predicted to localize in the trypsin-like cysteine/serine peptidase domain of the protein. We suggest gain-of-function or dominant-negative mutations resulting in FAM111B enzymatic activity changes. CONCLUSIONS: HFP with tendon contractures, myopathy and pulmonary fibrosis, is a multisystemic disorder due to autosomal dominant FAM111B mutations. Future functional studies will help in understanding the specific pathological process of this fibrosing disorder

    Deformation and fracturing in a rock mass near a crustal scale fault. Geology, rock mechanics and implications for a tunnel project

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    Le massif de marbres de Saint-BĂ©at se situe dans la Zone Interne MĂ©tamorphique des PyrĂ©nĂ©es centrales françaises. Il est formĂ© de sĂ©diments mĂ©sozoĂŻques mĂ©tamorphisĂ©s lors de l'Ă©vĂ©nement mĂ©tamorphique extensif Haute tempĂ©rature - Basse pression classiquement dĂ©crit dans les PyrĂ©nĂ©es. L'objet de cette thĂšse est de caractĂ©riser la dĂ©formation ductile et la fracturation qui affectent ce massif, et de dĂ©terminer dans quelle mesure les processus responsables de la fracturation peuvent ĂȘtre influencĂ©s par l'Ă©tat de dĂ©formation. Les caractĂ©ristiques de la dĂ©formation des marbres et de ses roches encaissantes seront dĂ©terminĂ©es essentiellement grĂące aux orientations prĂ©fĂ©rentielles des axes de la calcite (marbre) et du quartz (socle palĂ©ozoĂŻque), dĂ©terminĂ©es Ă  l'aide de mesures Ă  l'EBSD. L'observation en lame mince des textures de la calcite permet de quantifier les taux de dĂ©formation et d'estimer la tempĂ©rature de cette dĂ©formation. CombinĂ©s aux observations de terrain, ces rĂ©sultats permettent de proposer un modĂšle structural retraçant l'Ă©volution du bassin depuis l'extension aptio-albienne jusqu'Ă  son Ă©tat actuel. La fracturation du massif est ensuite regardĂ©e Ă  diffĂ©rentes Ă©chelles, depuis la photo aĂ©rienne jusqu'Ă  l'affleurement. Quatre zones seront Ă©tudiĂ©es en dĂ©tail afin de classifier les fractures par familles de mĂȘmes caractĂ©ristiques et de reconstituer localement les palĂ©o-rĂ©gimes de contraintes. On comparera les tenseurs obtenus avec les rĂ©gimes tectoniques dĂ©crits dans la littĂ©rature. Trois faciĂšs lĂ©gĂšrement diffĂ©rents de marbre servent de base Ă  une Ă©tude visant Ă  discuter de l'Ă©tat d'anisotropie de la roche. Ainsi, des essais en compression simple, en traction indirecte et des mesures de vitesses acoustiques sont pratiquĂ©s sur des carottes orientĂ©es rĂ©alisĂ©es dans ces trois faciĂšs ; leurs rĂ©sultats donnent accĂšs aux caractĂ©ristiques internes de la roche. On comparera et discutera les rĂ©sultats d'un faciĂšs Ă  l'autre, et au sein du mĂȘme faciĂšs, d'une orientation Ă  l'autre. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus sur la fracturation servent de guide Ă  la classification des fractures observĂ©es sur les fronts de tirs, lors du creusement du tunnel routier de Saint-BĂ©at, recoupant le massif sur plus d'un kilomĂštre du Nord au Sud.The Saint-BĂ©at massif, composed of different marble facies, is part of the Internal Metamorphic Zone of the French Central Pyrenees. It is formed by Mesozoic sediments metamorphosed by the High Temperature – Low Pressure extensional event, classically described in the Pyrenees. The aim of this work is to characterize the deformation and fractured state of the massif, and to understand how the former can constrain the latter. The ductile deformation state is recorded in calcite grains for Mesozoic rocks, or in quartz grains for Paleozoic rocks. Their preferential lattice orientations have been measured with the EBSD method. Calcite texture observations give indications about deformation rates and temperatures. These results, in addition with field observations, allow us to rebuild the structural evolution of the massif, from the Albian extension. Fracturing along the massif is described at different scales. Four outcrops are selected in order to characterize and to classify fractures, and locally reconstruct the paleo stress tensor. The obtained tensors are presented and compared to those already published. Three slightly different marble facies are used to discuss the degree of anisotropy of the rock. Mechanical experiments such as compression tests, tensile tests and velocity measurements of elastic waves are carried out on oriented cores within these three facies. These results provide internal rock characteristics which are discussed and compared for the three facies, and for different orientations of the cores

    De silences et d'eau fraĂźche: Un documentaire sonore sur les silenciations de la Grande Guerre (3 Ă©pisodes, 41'15)

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    Documentaire sonore en Ă©coute libreUn documentaire sonore de StĂ©phanie Fonvielle et MahĂ© Ben Hamed, avec Simon Garrette (EHESS) au mixage et MahĂ© Ben Hamed Ă  l’habillage sonore et musical.Les trois fragments constituent un seul rĂ©cit, qui peut ĂȘtre Ă©coutĂ© en continu ou par morceaux.1914-1916. Depuis son moulin Ă  Vergouniac, Marie Fabre Ă©crit Ă  son mari Pierre, blessĂ© et hospitalisĂ© dĂšs le dĂ©but de la guerre, et Ă  son frĂšre Ernest Viste, qui mourra dans la Somme en 1916, la veille de son 37Ăšme anniversaire. Comme la plupart des poilus et de leur famille, Pierre, Marie et Ernest avaient appris les rudiments de l’écriture du français Ă  l’école et leurs lettres Ă©taient surtout destinĂ©es Ă  ĂȘtre lues Ă  voix haute Ă  leur famille. Ce documentaire rĂ©vĂšle, Ă  travers les voix de leurs descendants, la matĂ©rialitĂ© sonore de cette correspondance de la PremiĂšre Guerre mondiale. Loin des reprĂ©sentations mythifiĂ©es de la guerre et des normes orthographiques, ces Ă©critures dites peu-lettrĂ©es tĂ©moignent du quotidien guerrier, du poids de la sĂ©paration, et de celui de l'incertitude. Mais entre les lignes et les mots des descendants, c’est surtout la poĂ©sie de l’ordinaire qui se raconte, et les silences de la guerre qui s'entendent.Un documentaire sonore de StĂ©phanie Fonvielle et MahĂ© Ben Hamed, avec Simon Garrette (EHESS) au mixage et MahĂ© Ben Hamed Ă  l’habillage sonore et musical.Les trois fragments constituent un seul rĂ©cit, qui peut ĂȘtre Ă©coutĂ© en continu ou par morceaux.1914-1916. Depuis son moulin Ă  Vergouniac, Marie Fabre Ă©crit Ă  son mari Pierre, blessĂ© et hospitalisĂ© dĂšs le dĂ©but de la guerre, et Ă  son frĂšre Ernest Viste, qui mourra dans la Somme en 1916, la veille de son 37Ăšme anniversaire. Comme la plupart des poilus et de leur famille, Pierre, Marie et Ernest avaient appris les rudiments de l’écriture du français Ă  l’école et leurs lettres Ă©taient surtout destinĂ©es Ă  ĂȘtre lues Ă  voix haute Ă  leur famille. Ce documentaire rĂ©vĂšle, Ă  travers les voix de leurs descendants, la matĂ©rialitĂ© sonore de cette correspondance de la PremiĂšre Guerre mondiale. Loin des reprĂ©sentations mythifiĂ©es de la guerre et des normes orthographiques, ces Ă©critures dites peu-lettrĂ©es tĂ©moignent du quotidien guerrier, du poids de la sĂ©paration, et de celui de l'incertitude. Mais entre les lignes et les mots des descendants, c’est surtout la poĂ©sie de l’ordinaire qui se raconte, et les silences de la guerre qui s'entendent

    Crisis narratives and institutional resilience: a framework for analysis

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    The term ‘resilience’ is widely used in current analysis of world politics to refer to a situation where institutions surprisingly sustain themselves against otherwise dire prospects. Yet, discussions of institutional resilience tend to underappreciate its dynamic character. This article proposes a reconceptualization of institutional resilience that centers the productive power of crisis. It argues that institutional resilience is best understood as an interpretative process rooted in a co-constitutive dynamic of crisis and adaptation. Resilience is made possible through the (re)production of a crisis narrative in context. We illustrate this argument with two case studies looking into how this dynamic unfolds in the context of political regimes (Cameroon) and international organizations (ASEAN). Doing so, we make the case for the development of a broader research agenda that can contribute to a better understanding of how institutions that are portrayed as frail and unstable not only survive but transform over time

    Evaluation of prioritized deep system identification on a path following task

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    International audienceThis paper revisits system identification and shows how new paradigms from machine learning can be used to improve it in the case of non-linear systems modeling from noisy and unbalanced dataset. We show that using importance sampling schemes in system identification can provide a significant performance boost in modeling, which is helpful to a predictive controller. The performance of the approach is first evaluated on simulated data of a Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV). Our approach consistently outperforms baseline approaches on this dataset. Moreover we demonstrate the benefits of this identification methodology in a control setting. We use the model of the Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) in a Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) controller to perform a track following task. We discuss the influence of the controller parameters and show that the prioritized model outperform standard methods. Finally, we apply the Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) on a real system using the know-how developed here

    A scoping review of emotion regulation and inhibition in emotional eating and binge-eating disorder: what about a continuum?

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    BackgroundEmotional eating is defined as a nonpathological eating behavior, whereas binge-eating disorder (BED) is defined as a pathological eating behavior. While different, both share some striking similarities, such as deficits in emotion regulation and inhibition. Previous research has suggested the existence of an “eating continuum” that might reflect the increased severity of overeating behaviors, that is, from nonpathological overeating to BED. The main aims of this scoping review were to explore in the literature the idea of a continuum between emotional eating and BED and to observe whether deficits in emotion regulation and inhibition follow this continuum in terms of severity. The other aims were to hopefully clarify the ill-defined concept of overeating, to question the potential role of positive emotions and to identify potential knowledge gaps.MethodA systematic scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Two databases (PubMed/Medline and PsycINFO) were examined in complete accordance with the beforehand sharply defined eligibility and exclusion criteria. The main criteria included adults (≄ 18) with emotional eating, BED or overeating and emotion regulation and inhibition as exposure criteria.ResultsThirty-two studies were included in this scoping review. If the results showed a link between emotional eating and BED, with the presence of inhibition and emotion regulation deficits in both eating behaviors, no mention of a continuum between emotional eating and BED was found.ConclusionIn the absence of research directly comparing emotional eating and BED in the same studies and testing the potential increase in severity of emotion regulation and inhibition deficits along this continuum, there is currently no certainty that a continuum exists between emotional eating and BED. In the end, the idea of a continuum in terms of increased severity of overeating and in terms of emotion regulation and inhibition deficits between emotional eating and BED appears to be a gap in knowledge in the literature. This scoping review highlights the need for further research to identify knowledge gaps

    Contribution Ă  l’inventaire des Abeilles sauvages du dĂ©partement de l’Aveyron (France) (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)

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    Contribution to the inventory of wild bees from Aveyron department (France) (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Inventory of wild bees from Aveyron currently stands at 199 species, including 67 Apidae (31 Bombus, 21 Anthophorini, 9 Xylocopini, 4 Melectini, 2 Nomadini), 47 Halictidae, 38 Megachilidae, 40 Andrenidae, 7 Colletidae and 2 Dasypodaidae. Fifty-seven new species for Aveyron were surveyed over the past decade. Ninety species were not inventoried again in recent surveys. For each species not frequently collected, an inventory showing the locations, dates or periods of observations, plants visited, number and sex of individuals collected, is given. Comparison of the fauna of wild bees in the Aveyron with available studies in West Palearctic region reveals the presence of relatively high species diversity in this department. A decrease in the diversity of bumblebees is however observed on the study area.L’inventaire des Abeilles sauvages du dĂ©partement de l’Aveyron s’élĂšve actuellement Ă  199 espĂšces, dont 67 Apidae (31 Bombus, 21 Anthophorini, 9 Xylocopini, 4 Melectini, 2 Nomadini), 47 Halictidae, 38 Megachilidae, 40 Andrenidae, 7 Colletidae et 2 Dasypodaidae. Cinquante-sept espĂšces nouvelles pour ce dĂ©partement ont Ă©tĂ© inventoriĂ©es au cours de la derniĂšre dĂ©cennie. Quatre-vingt-dix espĂšces n’ont pas Ă©tĂ© rĂ©inventoriĂ©es lors des rĂ©centes prospections. Pour chaque espĂšce peu frĂ©quemment collectĂ©e, un inventaire reprenant les localitĂ©s d’observations, les dates ou pĂ©riodes de rĂ©coltes, les plantes visitĂ©es, le nombre et le sexe des individus collectĂ©s, a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©digĂ©. La comparaison de la faune des Abeilles sauvages de l’Aveyron Ă  celle des Ă©tudes disponibles en rĂ©gion Ouest-PalĂ©arctique rĂ©vĂšle la prĂ©sence d’une certaine richesse spĂ©cifique dans ce dĂ©partement. Une diminution de la diversitĂ© des Bourdons est cependant constatĂ©e sur la zone Ă©tudiĂ©e.Baliteau Lucas, Iserbyt StĂ©phanie, MahĂ© Gilles, Rasmont Pierre, Le Goff GĂ©rard, Pauly Alain, Scheuchl Erwin. Contribution Ă  l’inventaire des Abeilles sauvages du dĂ©partement de l’Aveyron (France) (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). In: Bulletin de la SociĂ©tĂ© entomologique de France, volume 118 (3),2013. pp. 343-362

    Contribution Ă  l’inventaire des Abeilles sauvages du dĂ©partement de l’Aveyron (France) (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)

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    Contribution to the inventory of wild bees from Aveyron department (France) (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Inventory of wild bees from Aveyron currently stands at 199 species, including 67 Apidae (31 Bombus, 21 Anthophorini, 9 Xylocopini, 4 Melectini, 2 Nomadini), 47 Halictidae, 38 Megachilidae, 40 Andrenidae, 7 Colletidae and 2 Dasypodaidae. Fifty-seven new species for Aveyron were surveyed over the past decade. Ninety species were not inventoried again in recent surveys. For each species not frequently collected, an inventory showing the locations, dates or periods of observations, plants visited, number and sex of individuals collected, is given. Comparison of the fauna of wild bees in the Aveyron with available studies in West Palearctic region reveals the presence of relatively high species diversity in this department. A decrease in the diversity of bumblebees is however observed on the study area.L’inventaire des Abeilles sauvages du dĂ©partement de l’Aveyron s’élĂšve actuellement Ă  199 espĂšces, dont 67 Apidae (31 Bombus, 21 Anthophorini, 9 Xylocopini, 4 Melectini, 2 Nomadini), 47 Halictidae, 38 Megachilidae, 40 Andrenidae, 7 Colletidae et 2 Dasypodaidae. Cinquante-sept espĂšces nouvelles pour ce dĂ©partement ont Ă©tĂ© inventoriĂ©es au cours de la derniĂšre dĂ©cennie. Quatre-vingt-dix espĂšces n’ont pas Ă©tĂ© rĂ©inventoriĂ©es lors des rĂ©centes prospections. Pour chaque espĂšce peu frĂ©quemment collectĂ©e, un inventaire reprenant les localitĂ©s d’observations, les dates ou pĂ©riodes de rĂ©coltes, les plantes visitĂ©es, le nombre et le sexe des individus collectĂ©s, a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©digĂ©. La comparaison de la faune des Abeilles sauvages de l’Aveyron Ă  celle des Ă©tudes disponibles en rĂ©gion Ouest-PalĂ©arctique rĂ©vĂšle la prĂ©sence d’une certaine richesse spĂ©cifique dans ce dĂ©partement. Une diminution de la diversitĂ© des Bourdons est cependant constatĂ©e sur la zone Ă©tudiĂ©e.Baliteau Lucas, Iserbyt StĂ©phanie, MahĂ© Gilles, Rasmont Pierre, Le Goff GĂ©rard, Pauly Alain, Scheuchl Erwin. Contribution Ă  l’inventaire des Abeilles sauvages du dĂ©partement de l’Aveyron (France) (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). In: Bulletin de la SociĂ©tĂ© entomologique de France, volume 118 (3),2013. pp. 343-362
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