Französische Elemente in ägyptischen Theaterstücken der Nahḍa (1870-1918)

In der Folge von Napoleons Expédition d’Egypte fanden zahlreiche französische Wörter Eingang ins Ägyptisch-Arabische. Anhand von sechs Theaterstücken der Autoren Muḥammad ʿUṯmān Ǧalāl (1829-1898), Yaʿqūb Ṣannūʿ (1839-1912) und Muḥammad Taymūr (1892-1921) sowie einem zeitgenössischen Wörterbuch des Ägyptisch-Arabischen von Socrates Spiro (1868-19..) werden die französischen Elemente dokumentiert und analysiert. Beleuchtet werden qualitative und quantitative Aspekte der Entlehnungen, ihre inhaltliche Relevanz für die Theaterstücke und ihre Verwendung durch unterschiedliche Sprechergruppen. Aufgezeigt wird weiterhin die phonologische, morphologische, syntaktische und textuelle Integration der Französismen. Der durch die Theaterstücke gewährte Einblick in bestimmte Milieus wird ergänzt durch den Blick auf ein breiteres Spektrum von Entlehnungen, den das Wörterbuch bietet

Französische Elemente in ägyptischen Theaterstücken der Nahḍa (1870-1918)

In der Folge von Napoleons Expédition d’Egypte fanden zahlreiche französische Wörter Eingang ins Ägyptisch-Arabische. Anhand von sechs Theaterstücken der Autoren Muḥammad ʿUṯmān Ǧalāl (1829-1898), Yaʿqūb Ṣannūʿ (1839-1912) und Muḥammad Taymūr (1892-1921) sowie einem zeitgenössischen Wörterbuch des Ägyptisch-Arabischen von Socrates Spiro (1868-19..) werden die französischen Elemente dokumentiert und analysiert. Beleuchtet werden qualitative und quantitative Aspekte der Entlehnungen, ihre inhaltliche Relevanz für die Theaterstücke und ihre Verwendung durch unterschiedliche Sprechergruppen. Aufgezeigt wird weiterhin die phonologische, morphologische, syntaktische und textuelle Integration der Französismen. Der durch die Theaterstücke gewährte Einblick in bestimmte Milieus wird ergänzt durch den Blick auf ein breiteres Spektrum von Entlehnungen, den das Wörterbuch bietet

Zwischen traditioneller Dialektologie und digitaler Geolinguistik: Der Audioatlas siebenbürgisch-sächsischer Dialekte (ASD)

Der vorliegende Band markiert für die Herausgeber einen Wendepunkt: Er war zunächst ausschließlich als gedrucktes Buch für die Veröffentlichung einer Reihe von Vorträgen zur Arbeitstagung des vom Bundesbeauftragten für Kultur und Medien geförderten Projekts „Audioatlas Siebenbürgisch-Sächsischer Dialekte“ konzipiert worden. Die Tatsache, dass diesem Projekt jedoch im Wesentlichen eine Sammlung von Tonaufnahmen zu Grunde liegt, ließ diese Publikationform schnell als unzulänglich erscheinen. So reifte ganz selbstverständlich der Entschluss, die hier vorgelegten Texte zusätzlich in zeitgemäßer Form im Internet zu veröffentlichen und dabei, die dort gegebenen Möglichkeiten konsequent nutzend, auch Hörbeispiele aus dem Audioatlas einzubinden (http://www.kit.gwi.uni-muenchen.de/). Die doppelte Publikation als Buch und im Netz symbolisiert aus Sicht der Herausgeber den Übergang von der traditionellen zu einer zeitgemäßen Veröffentlichungspraxis mit all ihren technischen Möglichkeiten und ökonomischen Vorteilen

Regionally Altered Immunosignals of Surfactant Protein-G, Vascular and Non-Vascular Elements of the Neurovascular Unit after Experimental Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice, Rats, and Sheep

The surfactant protein-G (SP-G) has recently been discovered in the brain and linked to fluid balance regulations. Stroke is characterized by impaired vessel integrity, promoting water influx and edema formation. The neurovascular unit concept (NVU) has been generated to cover not only ischemic affections of neurons or vessels but also other regionally associated cells. This study provides the first spatio-temporal characterization of SP-G and NVU elements after experimental stroke. Immunofluorescence labeling was applied to explore SP-G, vascular and cellular markers in mice (4, 24, and 72 h of ischemia), rats (24 h of ischemia), and sheep (two weeks of ischemia). Extravasated albumin indicated vascular damage within ischemic areas. Quantifications revealed decreasing SP-G signals in the ischemia-affected neocortex and subcortex. Inverse immunosignals of SP-G and vascular elements existed throughout all models. Despite local associations between SP-G and the vasculature, a definite co-localization was not seen. Along with a decreased SP- G-immunoreactivity in ischemic areas, signals originating from neurons, glial elements, and the extracellular matrix exhibited morphological alterations or changed intensities. Collectively, this study revealed regional alterations of SP-G, vascular, and non-vascular NVU elements after ischemia, and may thus stimulate the discussion about the role of SP-G during stroke

Increased Immunosignals of Collagen IV and Fibronectin Indicate Ischemic Consequences for the Neurovascular Matrix Adhesion Zone in Various Animal Models and Human Stroke Tissue

Ischemic stroke causes cellular alterations in the "neurovascular unit" (NVU) comprising neurons, glia, and the vasculature, and affects the blood-brain barrier (BBB) with adjacent extracellular matrix (ECM). Limited data are available for the zone between the NVU and ECM that has not yet considered for neuroprotective approaches. This study describes ischemia-induced alterations for two main components of the neurovascular matrix adhesion zone (NMZ), i.e., collagen IV as basement membrane constituent and fibronectin as crucial part of the ECM, in conjunction with traditional NVU elements. For spatio-temporal characterization of these structures, multiple immunofluorescence labeling was applied to tissues affected by focal cerebral ischemia using a filament-based model in mice (4, 24, and 72 h of ischemia), a thromboembolic model in rats (24 h of ischemia), a coagulation-based model in sheep (2 weeks of ischemia), and human autoptic stroke tissue (3 weeks of ischemia). An increased fibronectin immunofluorescence signal demarcated ischemia-affected areas in mice, along with an increased collagen IV signal and BBB impairment indicated by serum albumin extravasation. Quantifications revealed a region-specific pattern with highest collagen IV and fibronectin intensities in most severely affected neocortical areas, followed by a gradual decline toward the border zone and non-affected regions. Comparing 4 and 24 h of ischemia, the subcortical fibronectin signal increased significantly over time, whereas neocortical areas displayed only a gradual increase. Qualitative analyses confirmed increased fibronectin and collagen IV signals in ischemic areas from all tissues and time points investigated. While the increased collagen IV signal was restricted to vessels, fibronectin appeared diffusely arranged in the parenchyma with focal accumulations associated to the vasculature. Integrin alpha(5) appeared enriched in the vicinity of fibronectin and vascular elements, while most of the non-vascular NVU elements showed complementary staining patterns referring to fibronectin. This spatio-temporal characterization of ischemia-related alterations of collagen IV and fibronectin in various stroke models and human autoptic tissue shows that ischemic consequences are not limited to traditional NVU components and the ECM, but also involve the NMZ. Future research should explore more components and the pathophysiological properties of the NMZ as a possible target for novel neuroprotective approaches

Regensburger Land. Der Landkreis Regensburg in Geschichte und Gegenwart 2 (2009)

Die Schriftenreihe „Regensburger Land. Der Landkreis Regensburg in Geschichte und Gegenwart“ soll im Stile eines Almanachs möglichst jährlich mit einem Band erscheinen und informative Beiträge zur regionalen Geschichte und Kultur enthalten. Ansprechend aufgemacht und reich bebildert, ist sie an eine breite Leserschaft gerichtet

Regionally Altered Immunosignals of Surfactant Protein-G, Vascular and Non-Vascular Elements of the Neurovascular Unit after Experimental Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice, Rats, and Sheep

The surfactant protein-G (SP-G) has recently been discovered in the brain and linked to fluid balance regulations. Stroke is characterized by impaired vessel integrity, promoting water influx and edema formation. The neurovascular unit concept (NVU) has been generated to cover not only ischemic affections of neurons or vessels but also other regionally associated cells. This study provides the first spatio-temporal characterization of SP-G and NVU elements after experimental stroke. Immunofluorescence labeling was applied to explore SP-G, vascular and cellular markers in mice (4, 24, and 72 h of ischemia), rats (24 h of ischemia), and sheep (two weeks of ischemia). Extravasated albumin indicated vascular damage within ischemic areas. Quantifications revealed decreasing SP-G signals in the ischemia-affected neocortex and subcortex. Inverse immunosignals of SP-G and vascular elements existed throughout all models. Despite local associations between SP-G and the vasculature, a definite co-localization was not seen. Along with a decreased SP- G-immunoreactivity in ischemic areas, signals originating from neurons, glial elements, and the extracellular matrix exhibited morphological alterations or changed intensities. Collectively, this study revealed regional alterations of SP-G, vascular, and non-vascular NVU elements after ischemia, and may thus stimulate the discussion about the role of SP-G during stroke

Regionally Altered Immunosignals of Surfactant Protein-G, Vascular and Non-Vascular Elements of the Neurovascular Unit after Experimental Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice, Rats, and Sheep

The surfactant protein-G (SP-G) has recently been discovered in the brain and linked to fluid balance regulations. Stroke is characterized by impaired vessel integrity, promoting water influx and edema formation. The neurovascular unit concept (NVU) has been generated to cover not only ischemic affections of neurons or vessels but also other regionally associated cells. This study provides the first spatio-temporal characterization of SP-G and NVU elements after experimental stroke. Immunofluorescence labeling was applied to explore SP-G, vascular and cellular markers in mice (4, 24, and 72 h of ischemia), rats (24 h of ischemia), and sheep (two weeks of ischemia). Extravasated albumin indicated vascular damage within ischemic areas. Quantifications revealed decreasing SP-G signals in the ischemia-affected neocortex and subcortex. Inverse immunosignals of SP-G and vascular elements existed throughout all models. Despite local associations between SP-G and the vasculature, a definite co-localization was not seen. Along with a decreased SP-G-immunoreactivity in ischemic areas, signals originating from neurons, glial elements, and the extracellular matrix exhibited morphological alterations or changed intensities. Collectively, this study revealed regional alterations of SP-G, vascular, and non-vascular NVU elements after ischemia, and may thus stimulate the discussion about the role of SP-G during stroke

Regionally Altered Immunosignals of Surfactant Protein-G, Vascular and Non-Vascular Elements of the Neurovascular Unit after Experimental Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice, Rats, and Sheep

The surfactant protein-G (SP-G) has recently been discovered in the brain and linked to fluid balance regulations. Stroke is characterized by impaired vessel integrity, promoting water influx and edema formation. The neurovascular unit concept (NVU) has been generated to cover not only ischemic affections of neurons or vessels but also other regionally associated cells. This study provides the first spatio-temporal characterization of SP-G and NVU elements after experimental stroke. Immunofluorescence labeling was applied to explore SP-G, vascular and cellular markers in mice (4, 24, and 72 h of ischemia), rats (24 h of ischemia), and sheep (two weeks of ischemia). Extravasated albumin indicated vascular damage within ischemic areas. Quantifications revealed decreasing SP-G signals in the ischemia-affected neocortex and subcortex. Inverse immunosignals of SP-G and vascular elements existed throughout all models. Despite local associations between SP-G and the vasculature, a definite co-localization was not seen. Along with a decreased SP- G-immunoreactivity in ischemic areas, signals originating from neurons, glial elements, and the extracellular matrix exhibited morphological alterations or changed intensities. Collectively, this study revealed regional alterations of SP-G, vascular, and non-vascular NVU elements after ischemia, and may thus stimulate the discussion about the role of SP-G during stroke