Water Governance in Decentralising Indonesia

Under new democratic regimes in the country of the South, governance innovation is often found at the regional level. This article, using the concept of institutional capacity, shows that powerful efforts affecting regional water resource coordination emerge locally. The paper analyzes fresh water cooperation in the urban region of Cirebon, Indonesia. It is shown that city and their surrounding regions in decentralizing Indonesia show signs of increasing institutional capacity between local actors. An informal approach and discretionary local decision-making, influenced by logic of appropriateness and tolerance are influential. At the same time, these capacities are compromised by significant inequality and a unilateral control of water resources, and they are being challenged by a strong authoritarian political culture inherited from a history of centralized government. The paper points to the need to establish greater opportunities for water governance at the regional level to transcend inter-local rivalry, and thus improve decentralized institutional capacity further

Performance assessment of a fast optical add-drop multiplexer-based metro access network with edge computing

Next-generation metro access nodes with edge computing need to be redesigned to co-allocate advanced optical technologies, computing, and storage resources to support the upcoming multiple applications in 5G. In this paper, we present a novel metro access edge computing node based on a fast optical add-drop multiplexer with submicrosecond reconfiguration and control for low-latency operation. We investigate the network performance, the location of the edge computing nodes, and the computing resources dimensioning and utilization in order to fulfill the stringent latency requirement in 5G networks. Network function virtualization and network slicing have been considered in the model to emulate the realistic network operation. Optimization of the network, node location, and computing resources in terms of latency and packet loss ratio is numerically investigated via the OMNeT++ simulator under three different types of 5G applications (Massive Internet of Things, content delivery network, and loss-sensitive traffic). Considering a typical metro access network topology with 20 nodes covering a population of around 1 million, numerical results show that less than 200 μs latency is guaranteed for 5G network applications by deploying more than 6 edge computing nodes with 80 servers for each node

Performance assessment of a fast optical add-drop multiplexer-based metro access network with edge computing

\u3cp\u3eNext-generation metro access nodes with edge computing need to be redesigned to co-allocate advanced optical technologies, computing, and storage resources to support the upcoming multiple applications in 5G. In this paper, we present a novel metro access edge computing node based on a fast optical add-drop multiplexer with submicrosecond reconfiguration and control for low-latency operation. We investigate the network performance, the location of the edge computing nodes, and the computing resources dimensioning and utilization in order to fulfill the stringent latency requirement in 5G networks. Network function virtualization and network slicing have been considered in the model to emulate the realistic network operation. Optimization of the network, node location, and computing resources in terms of latency and packet loss ratio is numerically investigated via the OMNeT++ simulator under three different types of 5G applications (Massive Internet of Things, content delivery network, and loss-sensitive traffic). Considering a typical metro access network topology with 20 nodes covering a population of around 1 million, numerical results show that less than 200 μs latency is guaranteed for 5G network applications by deploying more than 6 edge computing nodes with 80 servers for each node.\u3c/p\u3

Latency study of fast optical add-drop multiplexer based metro access network with edge computing for 5G applications

\u3cp\u3eWe investigate the network performance of FOADM based metro access network with edge computing to fulfil the critical requirement in 5G networks. NFV and network slicing are considered in the model to emulate realistic operation.\u3c/p\u3

SDN enabled dynamically re-configurable low-cost ROADM nodes for metro networks

We demonstrate dynamically re-configurable and contention-free metro-access ring based on low-cost SOA 2-degree mini-ROADMs providing both switching and amplification. Results show successful SDN-assisted multiple add/drop 10Gbps WDM traffic in metro-access ring with <1 dB power penalty

SDN enabled dynamically re-configurable low-cost ROADM nodes for metro networks

\u3cp\u3eWe demonstrate dynamically re-configurable and contention-free metro-access ring based on low-cost SOA 2-degree mini-ROADMs providing both switching and amplification. Results show successful SDN-assisted multiple add/drop 10Gbps WDM traffic in metro-access ring with &lt;1 dB power penalty.\u3c/p\u3