An Algorithm to Avoid Confidential Data Theft from Storage Devices

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NIOSOMES: A PROMISING VESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR TUBERCULOSIS

The drug ethambutol HCl is one of the first line antitubercular agent available in tablet form used in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis disease, for long term therapy but according to researcher the drug shows poor absorptivity in presence of food when administered orally & required higher dose of about 25mg/kg, also has short half life i.e.2-4 hrs., so to well utilization of drug as well as to minimize the side effects, there should have to modify the formulation in other suitable dosage form, like vesicular drug delivery system, in which incorporating the drug into system in the form of niosomes, and its characteristic action gives the sustained release of dose. So the present work of this research was to prepared and evaluate the niosomal drug delivery system by reverse phase evaporation method and were evaluated their particle size analysis, surface morphology, entrapment efficiency, in-vitro release profile etc. Key word: Ethambutol HCl, Niosomes, Tuberculosis, Vesicular drug delivery system, in-vitro release etc

An Exponential Filtering Based Inversion Method for Microwave Imaging

In this paper, a new methodology based on the exponential filtering of singular values is adopted to solve the linear ill-posed problem of microwave imaging. This technique filters out the insignificant singular values and works as an efficient low pass filter to eliminate high-frequency noise from the estimated solution. Standard Tikhonov regularization has also proven to be a special case of this method. To show the effectiveness of this approach, various numerical examples of synthetic data and experimental data of Fresnel's Institute are considered for the study. The reconstruction performance of this algorithm is quantified using the mean square error (MSE) and Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC). Further, the effect of noise on these metrics is presented. The results are compared with the standard Tikhonov regularization method, and it is observed that the proposed reconstruction algorithm provides accurate results compared to the standard Tikhonov regularization method

Improved functionalization of oleic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles can providemultiple benefits for biomedical applications in aqueous environments such asmagnetic separation or magnetic resonance imaging. To increase the colloidal stability and allow subsequent reactions, the introduction of hydrophilic functional groups onto the particles’ surface is essential. During this process, the original coating is exchanged by preferably covalently bonded ligands such as trialkoxysilanes. The duration of the silane exchange reaction, which commonly takes more than 24 h, is an important drawback for this approach. In this paper, we present a novel method, which introduces ultrasonication as an energy source to dramatically accelerate this process, resulting in high-quality waterdispersible nanoparticles around 10 nmin size. To prove the generic character, different functional groups were introduced on the surface including polyethylene glycol chains, carboxylic acid, amine, and thiol groups. Their colloidal stability in various aqueous buffer solutions as well as human plasma and serum was investigated to allow implementation in biomedical and sensing applications.status: publishe

A study of corneal endothelial changes in soft contact lens wearers using non-contact specular microscopy

Aim: To study the corneal endothelial changes after soft contact lens wear, to correlate these changes with the duration of soft contact lens wear, and to study the pattern of use and preferences of contact lens among young adults. Materials and Methods: This observational study was carried out in 100 eyes of 50 soft contact lens users aged between 19 and 27 years. Both eyes of 50 medical students who had never worn contact lenses served as controls. Data from each subject were collected using a structured questionnaire of 24 items that included demographic profile, pattern of contact lens use, symptoms, brand name, number of years worn, and hours of daily wear. These data were analyzed using Chi square for association. Specular microscopy was done using TOPCON SP-3000P. Computerized morphometry was used to evaluate central corneal thickness, size, shape, mean cellular density, hexagonality, coefficient of variation, and polymegathism of the corneal cells . Results: It was found that central corneal thickness was 0.532 ± 0.0309 mm in lens users and 0.514 ± 0.03 mm in controls, cell density was 2570.91 ± 432.06 cells/mm 2 in lens users and 2723.17 ± 327.64 cells/mm 2 in controls, while hexagonality was 54.81 ± 39.72% in lens users and 67.65 ± 36.49% in controls. Conclusion: Despite the known effects of long duration of soft contact lens use on corneal endothelial cell morphology, this study could not draw a significant correlation between them. However, a significant difference was found in the corneal endothelial thickness, cell density, and hexagonality. Among the soft contact lens users, 62% used soft disposable type while 38% used soft extended wear contact lens. Contact lenses were preferred over spectacles for better cosmetic appearance, comfort, and wider visual field

Comparison of Endothelial Cell Loss by Specular Microscopy between Phacoemulsification and Manual Small-Incision Cataract Surgery

Aim: To compare the endothelial cell loss between phacoemulsification and manual small‑incision cataract surgery (SICS). Endothelial cell loss was also compared in phacoemulsification group by temporal clear corneal incision (CCI) and by superior scleral incision (SI) technique.Materials and Methods: A total of 200 eyes of 200 patients were included in the study. Cases were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group A had undergone phacoemulsification and Group B had under gone manual SICS. In Group A 50 cases were performed by temporal CCI and remaining 50 cases were performed by superior SI technique. Endothelial cell count was evaluated by using a noncontact specular microscope.Results: Mean endothelial cell loss (cells/mm2) in Group A was 307.80 (12.33%), 397.79 (15.93%), and 421.69 (16.89%) on 1 week, 6 week, and 3 month postoperative period, respectively. In Group B, it was 270.86 (10.63%), 385.22 (15.12%), and 413.68 (16.24%) on 1 week, 6 week, and 3 month postoperative period, respectively. There was no clinical and statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) between the two groups. The mean endothelial cell loss in Group A by CCI was 340.68 (13.61%), 427.80 (17.08%), and 448.70 (17.92%) and by SI was 274.92 (11.05%), 367.78 (14.78%), and 394.68 (15.83%) on 1 week, 6 week, and 3 month postoperative period respectively. There was statistically significant difference in endothelial cell loss at 1 week (P < 0.05) but it was not statistically significant on 6 week and 3 month postoperatively (P > 0.05).Conclusion: There was no clinically or statistically significant difference in endothelial cell loss or visual acuity between phacoemulsification and manual SICS at 3 month postoperative period.Keywords: Endothelial cell count, manual small incision cataract surgery, phacoemulsification, specular microscop

A study of complications during cataract surgery in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Aim: Pseudoexfoliation (PXE) is a common and clinically important systemic condition that affects elderly people, who are also likely to undergo cataract surgery. It can cause serious complications during cataract surgery due to the pupillary rigidity and zonular weakness and instability. The purpose of this study was to study the frequency and types of complications of small incision cataract surgery (SICS) and phacoemulsification surgery in patients with cataract and PXE. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 52 eyes of 52 patients with cataract and PXE who underwent SICS or phacoemulsification surgery in a tertiary care hospital. Their perioperative and post-operative complications were documented and analyzed through statistical package for social sciences version 15.0 (IBM). Results: Poor pupillary dilatation in spite of use of standard mydriatic drops and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was the most common finding. This single factor made subsequent steps of surgery very difficult due to poor peripheral visualization. Pupillotomy was done in 25% cases. Other problems encountered were accidental iridodialysis, posterior capsule rupture, vitreous loss, retained cortical matter, decentered intraocular lens and zonular dialysis. Conclusion: Presence of associated PXE in cataract patients significantly increases the risk of vision threatening complications. Use of flexible iris hooks for small pupils and for capsular stability, capsular tension rings and high viscosity viscoelastics are useful modifications of surgical technique for good visual outcome