Two-stage Bayesian model to evaluate the effect of air pollution on chronic respiratory diseases using drug prescriptions

Exposure to high levels of air pollutant concentration is known to be associated with respiratory problems which can translate into higher morbidity and mortality rates. The link between air pollution and population health has mainly been assessed considering air quality and hospitalisation or mortality data. However, this approach limits the analysis to individuals characterised by severe conditions. In this paper we evaluate the link between air pollution and respiratory diseases using general practice drug prescriptions for chronic respiratory diseases, which allow to draw conclusions based on the general population. We propose a two-stage statistical approach: in the first stage we specify a space-time model to estimate the monthly NO2 concentration integrating several data sources characterised by different spatio-temporal resolution; in the second stage we link the concentration to the β2-agonists prescribed monthly by general practices in England and we model the prescription rates through a small area approach

Consumer behaviour related to rabbit meat as functional food

[EN] Rabbit is one of the most versatile livestock species, responding successfully to bio-economic principles, which promote a clever use of resources and their conversion into added value products, such as functional foods (FFs). The excellent nutritive and dietetic properties of rabbit meat justify granting it the attributes of FFs. Based on the premise that it is the consumer who ultimately decides what kind of meat to buy, a consumer focus should be a core factor in private or public meat sector strategies. Following this assumption, the aim of this study is to contribute to understanding Romanian consumer behaviour related to rabbit meat as a functional food and to provide information on how to better market rabbit meat as FF in the domestic market. As far as the authors know, this study is the first one to assess and report on Romanian consumer perceptions, knowledge and behaviours related to rabbit meat. Consequently, the variables investigated reflect rabbit meat consumption habits. They also reveal preferences related to the acquisition of rabbit meat, perceptions on future rabbit meat consumption, perceptions of rabbit meat characteristics, perceptions of rabbit meat main characteristics compared to other types of meat, and rabbit meat consumption deterrents. The survey results show that rabbit meat is perceived as lean and low cholesterol, healthier and tastier than other meats, but more expensive, that its consumption is low, being 2.2 times lower than chicken and 1.8 times lower than pork, and that 29.6% of people surveyed have never eaten rabbit meat. The findings ascertain that the understanding of Romanian consumer behaviour related to rabbit meat as FF is an optimal tool for changing behaviour patterns towards a more sustainable market. The transfer of this knowledge towards marketers mainly focusing on how to increase consumer satisfaction for FFs, especially meat, is the leverage for designing successful businesses regarding market re-orientation, development or even reduction of health cost.This study was partially developed through the research programme “The creation of a model for the evaluation of food quality from the point of view of consumer health and environmental protection”, selected within the bilateral cooperation between the Romanian Academy and Wallonia – WBI, FRS-FNRS. “La présente publication a été rendue possible grâce à l’Accord qui lie WBI, le FRS-FNRS et l’Académie Roumaine.Petrescu, DC.; Petrescu-Mag, RM. (2018). Consumer behaviour related to rabbit meat as functional food. World Rabbit Science. 26(4):321-333. doi:10.4995/wrs.2018.10435SWORD321333264Andersen H.J., Oksbjerg N., Young J.F., Therkildsen M. 2005. Feeding and meat quality -a future approach. Meat Sci., 70: 543-554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.07.015Annunziata A., Vecchio R. 2010. Italian consumer attitudes toward products for well-being: the functional foods market. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 13: 19-50.Arnold C. 2009. Ethical marketing and the new consumer. United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons.Bastian B., Loughnan S., Haslam N., Radke H. R. 2012. Don't mind meat? The denial of mind to animals used for human consumption. Pers. Soc. Psychol. B., 38: 247-256. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167211424291Baviera-Puig A., Buitrago-Vera J., Escribá-Pérez C., Montero-Vicente L. 2017. Rabbit meat sector value chain. World Rabbit Sci., 25: 95-108. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2017.6565Blaga B.C., Burny P. 2014. Rabbit production and rabbit market in Romania: the most frequent breeds, half-breeds and their characterization. Rabbit Gen., 4: 1-6.Bodnar K., Bodnar Skobrak E. 2014. Main traits of the rabbit meat in its marketing. Lucrări Științifice Management Agricol, 16: 104-108.Bodnar K., Horvath J. 2008a. Consumers' opinion about rabbit meat consumption in Hungary. In Proc.: 9th World Rabbit Congress, 10-13 June 2008, Verona, Italy. 1519-1522.Bodnar K., Horvath J. 2008b. Consumers' opinion about rabbit meat consumption in Hungary. In Proc: 9th World Rabbit Congress, 10-13 June 2008, Verona, Italy. 1519-1522.Boland M.J., Rae A.N., Vereijken J.M., Meuwissen M.P.M., Fischer A.R.H., van Boekel M.A.J.S., Rutherfurd S.M., Gruppen H., Moughan P.J., Hendriks W.H. 2013. The future supply of animalderived protein for human consumption. Trends Food Sci. Tech., 29: 62-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2012.07.002Buitrago-Vera J., Escribá-Pérez C., Baviera-Puig A., Montero-Vicente L. 2016. Consumer segmentation based on food-related lifestyles and analysis of rabbit meat consumption. World Rabbit Sci., 24: 169-182. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2016.4229Cheeke P. 1980. Editorial: The potential role of the rabbit in meeting world food needs. J. Appl. Rabbit Res., 3: 3-5.Corpet D.E. 2011. Red meat and colon cancer: should we become vegetarians, or can we make meat safer? Meat Sci., 89: 310-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.04.009Dalle Zotte A. 2002. Perception of rabbit meat quality and major factors influencing the rabbit carcass and meat quality. Livest. Prod. Sci., 75: 11-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(01)00308-6Dalle Zotte A., Szendrő Z. 2011. The role of rabbit meat as functional food. Meat Sci., 88: 319-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.02.017De-Magistris T., Lopéz-Galán B. 2016. Consumers' willingness to pay for nutritional claims fighting the obesity epidemic: the case of reduced-fat and low salt cheese in Spain. Public Health, 135, 83-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2016.02.004Dinu V., Marchevski I., Dobrescu E., Petrescu R.M. 2010. Education and training needs in the field of consumer protection in the Lower Danube region. Amfiteatru Economic, 12: 709-734.Ecoduri, 2018. Date demografice Cluj-Napoca, Cluj statistica si rapoarte ale populatiei [Cluj-Napoca demographic data, Cluj statistics and population reports]. Available at: http://www.ecoduri.com/recensamantul-populatiei/Cluj/Cluj-Napoca.php#educatie Accessed December 2018.European Commission. 2012. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Innovating for Sustainable Growth: A Bioeconomy for Europe, {SWD(2012) 11 final}. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/research/bioeconomy/pdf/officialstrategy_en.pdf Accessed December 2018.EUROSTAT. 2015. Meat production statistics. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Meat_production_statistics#Data_sources_and_availability. Accessed December 2018.FAOSTAT. 2012. Food and Agricultural Organization statistical database. Available at: http://faostat3.fao.org/faostatgateway/go/to/download/Q/QL/E.Font-i-Furnols M., Guerrero L. 2014. Consumer preference, behavior and perception about meat and meat products: An overview. Meat Sci., 98: 361-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.06.025González-Redondo P., Contreras-Chacón G.M. 2012. Perceptions among university students in Seville (Spain) of the rabbit as livestock and as a companion animal. World Rabbit Sci., 20: 155-162. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2012.1147González-Redondo P., Sánchez-Martínez R. 2014. Characterisation of wild rabbit commercial game farms in Spain. World Rabbit Sci., 22: 51-58. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2014.1213Grădinaru A.C. 2017. The Transylvanian Giant Rabbit: an efficient selection for qualitative and quantitative genetic traits. Rabbit Gen., 7: 1-6.Grunert K.G., Bredahl L., Brunsø K. 2004. Consumer perception of meat quality and implications for product development in the meat sector -a review. Meat Sci., 66: 259-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(03)00130-XHasnah Hassan S. 2011. Managing conflicting values in functional food consumption: the Malaysian experience. Brit. Food J., 113: 1045-1059. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070701111153788Hoffman L.C., Nkhabutlane P., Schutte D.W., Vosloo C. 2004. Factors affecting the purchasing of rabbit meat: A study of ethnic groups in the Western Cape. J. Consum. Sci., 32: 26-35.Hung Y., de Kok T.M., Verbeke W. 2016. Consumer attitude and purchase intention towards processed meat products with natural compounds and a reduced level of nitrite. Meat Sci., 121:119-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.06.002Ibrahim M., El-Banna H., Omara I., Suliman M.A. 2011. Evaluation of nutritive value of some citrus pulp as feedstuffs in rabbit diets. Pak. J. Nutr., 10: 667-674. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2011.667.674International Standardization Organization. 2015. ISO 9000. Available at: http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards.htm Accessed December 2018.Jeltema M., Beckley J., Vahalik J. 2015. Model for understanding consumer textural food choice. Food Sci. Nutr., 3: 202-212. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.205Kallas Z., Gil J.M. 2012. A dual response choice experiments (DRCE) design to assess rabbit meat preference in Catalonia: A heteroscedastic extreme-value model. Brit. Food J., 114: 1394-1413. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070701211262984Khan M. I., Arshad M. S., Anjum F. M., Sameen A., Gill W. T. 2011. Meat as a functional food with special reference to probiotic sausages. Food Res. Int., 44: 3125-3133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.07.033Kourouniotis S., Keast R., Riddell L., Lacy K., Thorpe M., Cicerale S. 2016. The importance of taste on dietary choice, behaviour and intake in a group of young adults. Appetite, 103, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.03.015Kubomura K. 1998. Japan redefines functional foods. Prepared Foods, 167: 129-131.Lukefahr S. 1998. Rabbit production in Uganda: Potential versus opportunity. World Rabbit Sci., 6: 331-340. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.1998.365Lukefahr S., Cheeke P. 1990. Rabbit project planning strategies for developing countries. (1) Practical considerations. Livest. Res. Rural Develop., 2: 1-21.Lukefahr S.D., Paschal J.C., Ford J.E. 1998. Backyard production of meat rabbits in Texas. Available at: https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/87730/pdf_645.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Accessed December 2018.McAfee A.J., Ibeagha-Awemu E.M., Cuskelly G.J., Moss B.W., Wallace J.M.W., Bonham M.P., Fearon A.M. 2010. Red meat consumption: An overview of the risks and benefits. Meat Sci., 84: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.08.029National Institute of Statistics. 2018. Available at: http://www.insse.ro/cms/en Accessed December 2018.Nistor E., Bampidis V.A., Păcală N., Pentea M., Tozer J., Prundeanu H. 2013. Nutrient content of rabbit meat as compared to chicken, beef and pork meat. J. Anim. Prod. Adv., 3: 172-176.Pappalardo G., Lusk J.L. 2016. The role of beliefs in purchasing process of functional foods. Food Qual. Prefer., 53: 151-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2016.06.009Petracci M., Soglia F., Leroy F. 2018. Rabbit meat in need of a hattrick: from tradition to innovation (and back). Meat Sci., 146: 93-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.08.003Petracci M., Cavani C. 2013. Rabbit meat processing: historical perspective to future directions. World Rabbit Sci., 21: 217-226. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2013.1329Petrescu D.C., Oroian I.G., Mihăiescu T., Paulette L., Varban D., Pătruțoiu T.C. 2013. Rabbit statistics overview: production, trade, market evolution. Rabbit Gen., 3: 15-22.Petrescu D.C., Petrescu-Mag R.M., Burny P. 2017. Resilience to environmental pressure through quality food demand: meat consumption in Romania. Environ. Eng. Manage. J. (EEMJ), 16: 2391-2400. https://doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2017.247Petrescu-Mag I., Oroian I., Botha M., Covrig I., Vesa Ș.C. 2014. Transylvanian giant rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus): rustic means also aggressive. Rabbit Gen., 4: 56-59.Petrescu-Mag R.M., Oroian I.G., Botha M., Covrig I., Petrescu-Mag I.V. 2014. Morphological, productive and reproductive characterization of the Transylvanian giant rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus): first statistical report. North-Western J. Zool., 10:400-403.Pérez López S., Manuel Montes Peón J, Vázquez Ordás J.C. 2005. Organizational learning as a determining factor in business performance. The Learning Organization, 12: 227-245. https://doi.org/10.1108/09696470510592494Popescu D.V., Voinea L., Negrea M.T. 2015. Nutritional Imbalance-Dominant Consumption Behaviour of Romanian Youth. Amfiteatru Economic, 17, 1228-1243.Ritchie H., Roser M. 2018. Meat and Seafood Production & Consumption. Available from: https://ourworldindata.org/meat-and-seafood-production-consumption Accessed December 2018.Rhormens M.S., Pedrini A.D.G., Ghilardi-Lopes N.P. 2017. Implementation feasibility of a marine ecotourism product on the reef environments of the marine protected areas of Tinharé and Boipeba Islands (Cairu, Bahia, Brazil). Ocean Coast. Manage., 139: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.01.022Rousset S., Deiss V., Juillard E., Schlich P., Droit-Volet S. 2005. Emotions generated by meat and other food products in women. Brit. J. Nutr., 94: 609-619. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20051538Sima N., Sima R. 2015. Perennial fodder plants - potential feed sources in nutrition of rabbits. Rabbit Gen., 5: 6-12.Stanciu S., Rizea R.D., Ilie A.G. 2015. Study on the Competitiveness of the Romanian Meat Processing Industry. Amfiteatru Economic, 17: 1331-1345.STATISTA. 2108a. Average retail price of rabbit meat in France from 2008 to 2015 (in euros per kilo). Available from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/454198/average-retail-price-forrabbit-meat-in-france/ Accessed December 2018.STATISTA. 2018b. Annual average price of rabbit meat in Spain from 2010 to 2015 (in euros per kilogram). Available from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/765113/price-mediumof-the-kilogram-from-meat-from-rabbit-in-spain/ Accessed December 2018.Szakaly Z., Szigeti O., Szente V. 2009. Analysis of consumer habits and attitudes on the Hungarian beef and rabbit market. Appl. Stud. Agribusiness Comm., 3: 67-70. https://doi.org/10.19041/Apstract/2009/1-2/7Vecchio R., Van Loo E.J., Annunziata A. 2016. Consumers' willingness to pay for conventional, organic and functional yogurt: evidence from experimental auctions. Int. J. Consumer Stud., 40: 368-378. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12264Verbeke W. 2005. Consumer acceptance of functional foods: socio-demographic, cognitive and attitudinal determinants. Food Qual. Prefer., 16: 45-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2004.01.001Wang W., Xu S., Wu L. 2013. Consumer Perceptions of Attitudes Towards and Willingness to Consume Rabbit Meat in Urban China. J. Nutr. Ecol. Food Res., 1: 161-166. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnef.2013.102

Using ecological propensity score to adjust for missing confounders in small area studies

Small area ecological studies are commonly used in epidemiology to assess the impact of area level risk factors on health outcomes when data are only available in an aggregated form. However, the resulting estimates are often biased due to unmeasured confounders, which typically are not available from the standard administrative registries used for these studies. Extra information on confounders can be provided through external data sets such as surveys or cohorts, where the data are available at the individual level rather than at the area level; however, such data typically lack the geographical coverage of administrative registries. We develop a framework of analysis which combines ecological and individual level data from different sources to provide an adjusted estimate of area level risk factors which is less biased. Our method (i) summarizes all available individual level confounders into an area level scalar variable, which we call ecological propensity score (EPS), (ii) implements a hierarchical structured approach to impute the values of EPS whenever they are missing, and (iii) includes the estimated and imputed EPS into the ecological regression linking the risk factors to the health outcome. Through a simulation study, we show that integrating individual level data into small area analyses via EPS is a promising method to reduce the bias intrinsic in ecological studies due to unmeasured confounders; we also apply the method to a real case study to evaluate the effect of air pollution on coronary heart disease hospital admissions in Greater London

Effect of lyophilized Azadirachta indica leaf powder on biochemical parameters of testis and epididymis in albino rats

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of lyophilized A. indica leaf extract (125, 250 and 375 mg in suspension of 1 mL Propylene Glycol, respectively / kg body weight) on androgen-dependent biochemical parameters such as cholesterol and glycogen in the testis, total protein, total free sugar, enzymes like acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the testis and epididymis of both control and treated groups. Results indicated no significant difference in their body weight. However, testis and epididymis showed a significant decrease in their weights. The biochemical analysis showed a general decrease in the total protein content and the activity ofACP and, an increase in the total free sugar, glycogen, cholesterol contents and the activities of ALP and LDH in the dose-dependent treated rats. Since it is known that the accumulation of cholesterol and glycogen in the testis and epididymis are indicators of androgen deprivation. In this study such effects may have resulted from the deficiency in the level of circulating androgen, probably due to androgen deficiency resulting to the anti-androgenic property of the carbohydrate-rich nature of lyophilized A. indica leaf extract.© 2010 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Keywords: Lyophilized A. indica leaf extract, Testis, Epididymis, Biochemical parameters, Albino rats

Compatibility of neutrino DIS data and global analyses of parton distribution functions

Neutrino\antineutrino deep inelastic scattering (DIS) data provide useful constrains for the flavor decomposition in global fits of parton distribution functions (PDF). The smallness of the cross-sections requires the use of nuclear targets in the experimental setup. Understanding the nuclear corrections is, for this reason, of utmost importance for a precise determination of the PDFs. Here, we explore the nuclear effects in the neutrino\antineutrino-nucleon DIS by comparing the NuTeV, CDHSW, and CHORUS cross-sections to the predictions derived from the latest parton distribution functions and their nuclear modifications. We obtain a good description of these data and find no apparent disagreement between the nuclear effects in neutrino DIS and those in charged lepton DIS. These results also indicate that further improvements in the knowledge of the nuclear PDFs could be obtained by a more extensive use of these sets of neutrino data.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure

Palabras de autores

Ningun

Spatial planning and health systems: enhancing territorial governance in Alpine Space

ABSTRACT: Health systems in Europe are currently facing numerous critical challenges; demographic change is only one example. In order to successfully cope with those challenges on a long-term perspective, effective territorial governance can positively address upcoming issues in this context. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to contribute to the enhancement of territorial governance in the Alpine Space (AS) with regard to spatial planning and health systems. The aim is to identify main achievements of previous AS projects funded by the European Union (EU) as well as lessons learned from their realization in order to derive valuable implications for amended health and spatial planning policy development. This includes issues such as transnational needs, potential synergies as well as institutional responsibilities and competences required. Besides the goals, approaches and outputs, also problems and difficulties experienced during the projects are analysed. The unit of analyses are 10 implemented projects of the current AS programming period which can provide achievements of valuable interest in this thematic field. INITIAL SITUATION Demographic change is only one of numerous critical challenges health systems in Europe are currently facing. In order to successfully cope with such challenges on a long-term perspective, changes in present health models and governance of health systems are required. Many highly relevant issues in this context such as the need to improve the quality of life and healthcare of elderly people as well as the provision of access to care for people in medically underserved areas are related to the subjects of 'health systems' and 'spatial planning'. Accordingly, the focus of this research is on those two areas. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE AND APPROACH The purpose of this research is to contribute to the enhancement of territorial governance in the AS with regard to spatial planning and health systems. The research objective is to identify main achievements of previous AS projects as well as lessons learned from their realization. The aim is to derive relevant implications for amended policy development, including issues such as transnational needs, potential synergies as well as institutional responsibilities and competences required. To do so, besides the goals, approaches and outputs, also problems and difficulties experienced during the projects are analysed. Both topics, 'health systems' and 'spatial planning', as pillars of territorial governance, need to be addressed on a transnational level in order to generate practically relevant and valid results. Accordingly, the research question is: "What can be learned from EU-funded AS projects with regard to policy development?" The main achievements of these projects are identified in order to derive valuable lessons for future health and spatial planning policy development. RESEARCH METHOD To answer the research question, desk research and questionnaire inquiry was considered the most appropriate approach. Ten projects were selected amongst those promoted by the EU (funded by the "Alpine Space Programme 2007-13" and the "INTERREG IIB Programme 2000-2006"). These projects aim at improving inclusive growth in the Alpine Space under different dimensions through territorial governance. Based on literature review, a structured question

Paredes de tapial y su industrialización (encofrados y sistemas de compactación)

Rammed earth is a material that is characterized by its thermal inertia and excellent hygrothermal behavior, which together with the added value of sustainability and the tectonic strength of its mass, make it an interesting element to incorporate in architectural projects. In general, rammed earth as a construction technique needs an intense amount of work and ability. In this sense, the industrialization in the production of rammed walls would rationalize the costs of labor and execution times, as well as provide improvements in areas such as earth and water metering, control of quality of execution, in particular the degree of compaction and, of course, the final finish. Prefabrication allows the integration of electrical and air conditioning installations, increasing the qualities of the earth. Prefabrication is a step towards the modernization of earth construction, which has inherent a strong added value of sustainability on which we try to open new ways to facilitate its use in building and as a part of the architectural design.El tapial como material se caracteriza por su inercia térmica y por un excelente comportamiento higrotérmico, que unidos al valor añadido inherente de la sostenibilidad y la fuerza tectónica de los muros, convierten a este material en un elemento de interés a incorporar en los proyectos de arquitectura actuales. En general, el tapial como técnica de construcción con tierra necesita una intensiva cantidad y capacidad de trabajo. En este sentido la industrialización en la producción del tapial permitiría una racionalización de los costes de la mano de obra y tiempos de ejecución, a los que se podrían añadir mejoras en aspectos como la dosificación de tierra y agua, el control de calidad de ejecución, en especial el grado de compactación y, por supuesto, del acabado final. La prefabricación con tierra permite una ejecución flexible en dimensiones e incluso integrar instalaciones eléctricas y de climatización, para no afectar al aspecto final de la superficie del muro de tierra. La prefabricación es un paso más hacia la modernización de la construcción con tierra, y ha de abrir camino a un material como la tierra cruda en el mercado de la edificación y, en el fondo, ayudando a encontrar alternativas que nos aproximen a la sostenibilidad

Scytinium pulvinatum comb

Abstract In this paper Collema pulvinatum Hoffm. is synonymized under Scytinium pulvinatum (Hoffm.) Otálora, P.M. Jørg. & Wedin, providing "Leptogium" pulvinatum with a formal name

Altilix\uae Supplement Containing Chlorogenic Acid and Luteolin Improved Hepatic and Cardiometabolic Parameters in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome: A 6 Month Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

The objective was to evaluate the eects of 6 months of supplementation with Altilix\uae, containing chlorogenic acid and its derivatives, and luteolin and its derivatives, on cardiovascular risk and hepatic markers in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed in 100 subjects with MetS with a follow-up period of 6 months; 50 subjects were randomized to Altilix\uae (26 men and 24 women, mean age 63 8 years) and the other 50 to placebo (28 men and 22 women, mean age 63 11 years). Anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and hepatic parameters were assessed at baseline and at the end of follow-up. Carotid intima-media thickness and endothelial function were assessed by doppler ultrasound and by flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, respectively. The presence and degree of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was assessed by the fatty liver index (FLI), and subjects were divided into three subgroups: (1) without NAFLD; (2) with borderline NAFLD; and (3) with NAFLD. After 6 months of Altilix\uae supplementation, we found a significant improvement vs. placebo in most of the evaluated parameters, including body weight (2.40% (95% CI 3.79, 1.01); p < 0.001), waist circumference (2.76% (95% CI 4.55, 0.96); p = 0.003), HbA1c (0.95% (95% CI 1.22, 0.67); p < 0.001), plasma lipids, FLI (21.83% (95% CI 27.39, 16.27); p < 0.001), hepatic transaminases, flow-mediated dilation (10.56% (95% CI 5.00, 16.12); p < 0.001), and carotid intima-media thickness (39.48% (95% CI 47.98, 30.97); p < 0.001). Further, the improvement in cardiometabolic variables was independent of the degree of hepatic steatosis. Altilix\uae supplementation improved hepatic and cardio-metabolic parameters in MetS subjects. Altilix\uae supplementation was a beneficial approach in the management of hepatic and cardiometabolic alterations in MetS subjects