Studying the Impact of Different Field Environmental Conditions on Seed Quality of Quinoa: The Case of Three Different Years Changing Seed Nutritional Traits in Southern Europe

Chenopodium quinoa Willd (quinoa) has acquired an increased agronomical and nutritional relevance due to the capacity of adaptation to different environments and the exceptional nutritional properties of their seeds. These include high mineral and protein contents, a balanced amino acid composition, an elevated antioxidant capacity related to the high phenol content, and the absence of gluten. Although it is known that these properties can be determined by the environment, limited efforts have been made to determine the exact changes occurring at a nutritional level under changing environmental conditions in this crop. To shed light on this, this study aimed at characterizing variations in nutritional-related parameters associated with the year of cultivation and different genotypes. Various nutritional and physiological traits were analyzed in seeds of different quinoa cultivars grown in the field during three consecutive years. We found differences among cultivars for most of the nutritional parameters analyzed. It was observed that the year of cultivation was a determinant factor in every parameter studied, being 2018 the year with lower yields, germination rates, and antioxidant capacity, but higher seed weights and seed protein contents. Overall, this work will greatly contribute to increase our knowledge of the impact of the environment and genotype on the nutritional properties of quinoa seeds, especially in areas that share climatic conditions to Southern Europe.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN, Spain) (PID2019-105748RA-I00), the Madrid Government (Comunidad de Madrid-Spain) under the Multiannual Agreement with Universidad Autónoma de Madrid in the line of action encouraging youth research doctors, in the context of the V PRICIT (Regional Programme of Research and Technological Innovation) (SI1/PJI/2019-00124), the CYTED (ValSe-Food 119RT0567), the FPI UAM Fellowship Programme 2019 (to SG-R), and the Ramón y Cajal Programme 2019 (to MR).Peer reviewe

Conviviendo en Positivo: Educación en salud, Atención Consciente, Compasión activa y Resiliencia

Proyecto de innovación docente enfocado en valores nucleares y convivencia en una sociedad serodiscordante, es continuidad del P89/2018, titulado “competencias intra e interpersonales, sexo consciente, fármacos y mindfulness”. Durante el primer semestre, desde el paradigma de aprendizaje cooperativo, basado en resolución de proyectos, se desarrolló la investigación documental, reflexión y debate sobre estos centros de interés: valores nucleares & VIH: abordaje de la seropositividad; adherencia terapéutica; estudio PARTNER indetectable es igual a intransmisible; profilaxis pre-exposición (PrEP); convivir en serodiscordancia; encuestas sobre estigmatización y discriminación social y sanitaria; riesgos globales de la discriminación terapéutica; relaciones interpersonales y emociones aflictivas; mindfulness y compasión basado en la evidencia; psicología positiva y resiliencia. En el segundo semestre, durante la fase cero del estado de alerta sanitaria, se desarrolló una intervención psicoeducativa, dirigida a facilitar estrategias que ayudasen a gestionar mejor el impacto emocional generado por la incertidumbre, la restricción de movilidad territorial, el confinamiento, y el miedo al contagio de la COVID-19. Perpetuar el estigma ante VIH, es una violación de los derechos humanos. Como antídoto a la indiferencia, se integró en nuestra intervención el fomento de la compasión activa, entendida como un sentido básico de cuidado, sensibilidad y apertura hacia el sufrimiento propio y de los demás, y la intención genuina de intentar aliviarlo y prevenirlo. La pandemia generada por el SARS-CoV-2 es una oportunidad para entender que ante este virus, aquí y ahora, la única opción es prevenirlo, detectarlo mediante pruebas y confinarlo, es decir no transmitirlo y no reinfectarse. Si de forma transversal somos capaces de interiorizarlo y normalizar la convivencia en serodiscordancia, si normalizamos las pruebas diagnósticas rutinarias, podremos entre todas y todos reducir hasta un 90% la transmisión activa otra pandemia de la que hoy no se habla, del VIH, de este modo conseguiríamos minimizar la aparición de nuevos casos, frenar su avance y vencer definitivamente al SIDA

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality

Soporte científico y técnico del Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología de la sede de Jaca: Servicio de laboratorios

Póster realizado para la inauguración de la nueva sede del Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología de Jaca el 23 de mayo de 2012.Peer reviewe

Wild-boar disturbance increases nutrient and C stores of geophytes in subalpine grasslands

Premise of the study: Wild-boar soil disturbance (i.e., rooting) increases the abundance of some species of geophytes (i.e., plants with underground renewal buds) in upland meadows. However, the mechanisms that could lead to such enhanced prevalence remain unexplored. Methods: We analyzed the effects of wild-boar disturbance on the size, nutrient (N, P, K, C, and total ash), and nonstructural carbohydrate (soluble sugars, starch plus fructans, and total nonstructural carbohydrate) content of the storage organs of fi ve taxa of upland geophytes. Results were explored in relation to the nutrient availability (total N, available P, and K) in the soil. Key results: Wild-boar rooting increased the size and the nutrient content of the storage organs of geophytes. Such enhanced storage was further promoted by rooting recurrence and intensity. Although we could not detect a direct impact of rooting on soil nutrient concentrations, plants were clearly N limited and such limitation was ameliorated in areas rooted by wild boar. Furthermore, plant-soil interactions for N were different in rooted areas, where plant N-concentrations responded positively to soil N. Conclusions: Geophytes growing in rooted areas have an increased nutrient value, which may promote the revisit of wild boars to previously rooted areas, with further positive feed-back effects on plant quality. This plant-animal interaction may shape upland geophyte communities. © 2013 Botanical Society of America.The authors thank A. Donellan, T. Bork, and J. Tapia for help with fi eld work and sample processing, as well as P. Kotanen and two anonymous reviewers for providing useful comments to earlier versions of the manuscript. Research was funded by projects CGL2011-26654, CGL 2010- 21642 and CGL2010-16880 from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and the project ARBALMONT (786-2012) from the Organismo Autónomo de Parques Nacionales. The fi rst author was funded by a Juan de la Cierva Contract from the MCI (Spain). C.G.B. is benefi ciary of a postdoctoral grant from the AXA Research Fund and an Honorary Izaak Walton Killam fellowship from the University of Alberta.Peer Reviewe

COMPARACIÓN ENTRE DIFERENTES TÉCNICAS DE ESTUDIO DEL GANGLIO CENTINELA DESPUÉS DE NEOADYUVANCIA EN CÁNCER DE MAMA

&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RESUMEN&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="top" width="98%"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introducción&lt;/strong&gt;. El papel de la biopsia del ganglio centinela realizada después de quimioterapia neoadyuvante es controvertido. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar el valor del ganglio centinela en los tumores de mama avanzados que han recibido neoadyuvancia y estudiarlos con técnicas de hematoxilina y eosina, inmunohistoquímica y molecular de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (RT-PCR). &lt;strong&gt;Material y métodos. &lt;/strong&gt;Un total de 33 pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio; estos enfermos recibieron neoadyuvancia y se les  realizó la técnica del ganglio centinela. Una vez  extraído el ga nglio, este era enviado a anatomía patológica, donde era evaluado y posteriormente se fragmentaba, utilizando entre un 25% y 50% del ganglio para el estudio en el laboratorio de biología molecular. &lt;strong&gt;Resultados. &lt;/strong&gt;Los ganglios centinelas se estudiaron con las técnicas de hematoxilina y eosina, inmunohistoquímica y la molecular, encontrando un incremento de la sensibilidad con la última técnica, la del RT-PCR. Los ganglios centinelas fueron negativos en un 45.1% y las linfadenectomías fueron negativas en un 61.3% después de neoadyuvancia. Las recidivas locales a 5 años equivalen al 8.3%. Para nuestra serie la tasa de sobrevida libre de enfermedad a 5 años en estadio II es del 100% y en estadio III es del 87.5%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusión&lt;/strong&gt;. Existe un escaso número de pacientes estudiadas, sin un seguimiento que avale el uso de la biopsia del ganglio centinela después de neoadyuvancia, por lo que actualmente sólo debiera realizarse con fines de investigación.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="color: #00c000; font-family: Arial; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;Al comparar las técnicas de hematoxilina y eosina, inmunohistoquímica y molecular, comprobamos mayor sensibilidad en la técnica molecular, lo cual permite disminuir los falsos negativos y tener un mejor diagnóstico de las metástasis en los ganglios centinela.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Palabra clave:&lt;/strong&gt; Técnica del ganglio centinela, carcinoma de mama avanzado, estudio molecular RT-PCR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="center"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;A COMPARISON BETWEEN DIFFERENT SENTINEL NODE DETECTION &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;TECHNIQUES AFTER NEOADJUVANCY IN BREAST CANCER&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction. &lt;/strong&gt;Since the role of sentinel node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is controversial, the aim of our study was to analyze the value of sentinel node detection in advanced breast tumors that received neoadjuvant therapy. Technical study was done with hematoxylin/eosin stain, immunohistochemistry and molecular polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). &lt;strong&gt;Material and methods:&lt;/strong&gt;We studied 33 patients who received neoadjuvant therapy and underwent sentinel node procedure. After removing the node, it was sent to pathology where it was evaluated; further fragments, using between 25% and 50% of the lymph node, were used for analysis at the molecular biology laboratory. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The sentinel nodes were studied with hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry and molecular techniques, finding an increase in sensitivity with RT-PCR. They were negative in 45.1% and lymphadenectomy tissue was negative in 61.3% after neoadjuvant therapy. Local recurrences at 5 years are equivalent to 8.3%. For our series the rate of disease-free survival at 5 years in stage II is 100% and stage III is 87.5%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion. &lt;/strong&gt;Sentinel node biopsy after neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer should only be a matter of research, since the number of studied patients is small and there have been no monitoring to endorse a wide use of the procedure. When comparing hematoxylin/eosin, immunohistochemistry and molecular techniques, increased sensitivity was found with the molecular one; RT-PCR can reduce false negative reports and furnish a better diagnosis of sentinel node metastases. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words&lt;/strong&gt;: Sentinel node technique, advanced breast cancer, molecular study RT-PCR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt

Seasonal Variability of Dry Matter Content and Its Relationship with Shoot Growth and Nonstructural Carbohydrates

30 páginas, 3 figuras, 4 tablas.[EN]• This study assesses how different phases of shoot growth underlie seasonal change in leaf and stem dry matter content (LDMC and SDMC, respectively) of 12 woody Mediterranean species. The relationship between LDMC and nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations is also explored and the seasonal vs interspecies variability of LDMC compared. • LDMC, SDMC and shoot elongation rate (SER) were measured on a monthly basis for a minimum of 12 months. Bud growth rate (BGR) and NSC concentrations were also assessed in several of the study species. • LDMC and SDMC decreased during shoot elongation in spring and increased in summer, showing a significant negative correlation with SER, but were unrelated to BGR. Half of the species analysed showed a positive relationship between LDMC and NSC. Seasonal fluctuations of LDMC within species were higher than interspecies differences, and species ranking was significantly affected by the month of sampling, except during winter months. • Seasonal changes in LDMC and SDMC are mainly related to shoot elongation phenology, and NSC sink–source relationships between old and growing organs can explain this relationship in some species. Owing to the high seasonal variability in LDMC, it is recommended that samples for comparative purposes should be collected as close to the winter as possible.The authors are grateful to Peter Millard, Owen Atkin and four anonymous referees for helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript, and to Patricia Fustero and Elena Lahoz for their help with plant sampling and processing. Mark Brewer from BioSS provided helpful advice on REML analysis. SP and RM were funded by MEC by a postdoc contract (SEUIFECYT) and a Juan de la Cierva contract, respectively. JA was founded by DGA. This study was supported by the research projects SUM 2006-00025-00-00 and RTA 2006-00100- CO2-00 (INIA) and the project CGL 2007-66066-CO4-02/ BOS (CICyT). JJC acknowledges the support of Fundación ‘Aragón I+D’.Peer reviewe