TRANSCRIPTOMA DIFERENCIAL E MECANISMOS MOLECULARES ASSOCIADOS AO DESENVOLVIMENTO DOS SINTOMAS DA MELEIRA DO MAMOEIRO

A meleira é uma doença que afeta gravemente a cultura do mamoeiro no Brasil e no México, e que está associada à infecção combinada do Papaya meleira vírus (PMeV) e Papaya meleira virus 2 (PMeV2) (complexo PMeV). Os sintomas da doença manifestam-se apenas após a floração. Para compreender os mecanismos envolvidos neste fenômeno, o transcriptoma diferencial de C. papaya inoculada com o complexo PMeV foi analisado e resultou na modulação de 633 e 88 genes na pré- e pós-floração, respectivamente. Na prefloração, a análise funcional mostrou, principalmente, que enquanto genes relacionados à defesa e transporte são induzidos, os genes relacionados à estruturação da parede celular, receptores kinase ricos em leucina (RLK-LRR) e ciclo celular são reprimidos. Em relação aos genes relacionados às vias de defesa, foi observada a indução de vários genes envolvidos no metabolismo de calose, detoxificação das espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS) e, genes responsivos ao ácido salicílico (AS), tais como PR1, PR2, PR5 e WRKY. Estes resultados indicaram o envolvimento da sinalização mediada pelo AS na tolerância de C. papaya ao desencadeamento dos sintomas durante a prefloração. Portanto, o papel do AS na resistência ao complexo PMeV foi avaliada mediante a aplicação exógena de AS em plantas inoculadas com o complexo PMeV, resultando numa tendência à diminuição no acúmulo do PMeV e o PMeV2 nas plantas tratadas com AS. Entretanto, durante a prefloração, as plantas também acumularam diferencialmente transcritos que codificam proteínas envolvidas no metabolismo de etileno, UDP-glicosiltransferases (UGTs) e, a proteína inibidora da proteína Non-Expresser of Pathogenesis Related Gene 1 (NPR1) NPR1-I/NIM1, componentes que possuem um papel antagônico na indução de genes de defesa mediada pelo AS. Adicionalmente, a diminuição na sinalização de AS parece ser acentuada durante a pós-floração, já que foi observada a repressão de PR1 e a indução do gene BSMT1 e de genes envolvidos no metabolismo de ácido jasmônico (AJ), que também são reguladores negativos na acumulação de AS. Estes resultados em conjunto sugerem que vias de defesa mediadas por AS funcionam nas plantas infectadas pelo complexo PMeV durante a prefloração, e poderiam retardar o desenvolvimento dos sintomas, porém, a indução dos seus reguladores negativos prejudica a ativação total e duradoura da resposta de defesa

Multi-temporal unmixing analysis of Hyperion images over the Guanica Dry Forest

This paper presents a methodology to analyze time-series data from Hyperion to study seasonal vegetation dynamics on the Guánica Dry Forest in Puerto Rico. Unmixing analysis is performed over ten near-cloud-free Hyperion images collected in different months in 2008. Abundance maps and endmembers estimated from the unmixing procedure are used to analyze the seasonal changes in the forest. Results from the analysis are compared with published knowledge of the Guanica Forest phenology

Hypothyroidism and type d personality:Results from E-MPATHY, a cross-sectional international online patient survey

ContextBetween 10% and 15% of people with hypothyroidism experience persistent symptoms, despite achieving biochemical euthyroidism.The underlying causes are unclear. Type D personality (a vulnerability factor for general psychological distress) is associated with poor healthstatus and symptom burden but has not been studied in people with hypothyroidism.ObjectiveTo investigate type D personality in hypothyroidism and explore associations with other characteristics and patient-reported outcomes.DesignMultinational, cross-sectional survey.SettingOnline.ParticipantsIndividuals with self-reported, treated hypothyroidism.InterventionQuestionnaire.Main Outcome MeasuresType D personality and associations with baseline characteristics, control of the symptoms of hypothyroidism bymedication, satisfaction with care and treatment of hypothyroidism, impact of hypothyroidism on everyday living.ResultsA total of 3915 responses were received, 3523 of which were valid. The prevalence of type D personality was 54.2%. Statisticallysignificant associations were found between type D personality and several respondent characteristics (age, marital status, ethnicity,household income, comorbidities, type of treatment for hypothyroidism, most recent TSH level), anxiety, depression, somatization, poorcontrol of the symptoms of hypothyroidism by medication, dissatisfaction with care and treatment of hypothyroidism, and a negative impactof hypothyroidism on everyday living).DiscussionOur study found a high prevalence of type D personality among people with hypothyroidism who responded to the survey. Type Dpersonality may be an important determinant of dissatisfaction with treatment and care among people with hypothyroidism. Our findings requireindependent confirmation. Close collaboration between the disciplines of thyroidology and psychology is likely to be key in progressing ourunderstanding in this area

Exact treatment of planar two-electron quantum dots: Effects of anharmonicity on the complexity:

The static properties of an anharmonic potential model for planar two-electron quantum dots are investigated using a method that allows for the exact representation of the matrix elements, including the full Coulombic electron-electron interaction. A quartic perturbation of the harmonic confining potential in combination with the interparticle Coulomb interaction affects the spectral properties of the system considerably as it implies total loss of separability in the dynamics. Consequently, the classical phase space is mixed regular-chaotic and standard spectral measures of quantum chaos indicate an intermediate degree of complexity. Apart from the prompt transition from a regular to a moderately chaotic regime for weak quartic perturbation, the complexity of the system appears to be insensitive to the strength of the quartic potential. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.15541

S-wave scattering of a polarizable atom by an absorbing nanowire

We study the scattering of a polarizable atom by a conducting cylindrical wire with incoming boundary conditions, that is, total absorption, near the surface of the wire. Based on the explicit expression given recently [C. Eberlein and R. Zietal, Phys. Rev. A75, 032516 (2007)] for the nonretarded atom-wire potential, we formulate a hierarchy of approximations that enables the numerical determination of this potential to any desired accuracy as economically as possible. We calculate the complex s-wave scattering length for the effectively two-dimensional atom-wire scattering problem. The scattering length a depends on the radius R of the wire and a characteristic length beta related to the polarizability of the atom via a simple scaling relation, a = R (a) over tilde(beta/R). The "scaled scattering length" (a) over tilde tends to unity in the thick-wire limit beta/R -> 0, and it grows almost proportional to 1/R in the opposite thin-wire limit