Influence of inorganic amendments on trace metal extractable contents in urban soils

2 páginas, 1 tabla y 2 referencias. Poster contributions- SO-62 presentado en el VIII International symposium on analytical methodology in the environmental field. XIII Reunión de la Sociedad española de química analítica, VIII ISAMEF/SEQA 2003. University of A Coruña October 21-24, 2003.Urban soils in medium size and big cities, have shown in many cases (Madrid et al. 2002) high contents of some trace metals, for example lead, copper, or zinc, due to traffic, industry, etc (Bullock and Gregory, 1991). The presence of these metals at high concentrations in the soils of green areas, mainly recreational areas, is a potential source of dangerous elements for human health. For that reason, the availability of these contaminant elements is an essential control parameter, because it is related to plant uptake, and to their transfer to humans via suspended dust or by direct contact, specially by small childrens. The addition of amendments to the soil is a reasonable technique to reduce the availability of trace metals. The relationship between trace metals and different inorganic amendments was studiedXunta de Galicia: Consellería de Medio Ambiente. Dirección Xeral do Centro de Desenvolvemento Sostible. Xunta de Galicia: Consellería de Innovación, de Industria e Comercio. Dirección Xeral de Investigación e Desenvolvemento. Xunta de Galicia: Consellería de Educación e Ordenación Universitaria. Dirección Xeral de Universidades. Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología. Dirección General de Investigación. Excma. Diputación Provincial de A Coruña. Excmo. Ayuntamiento de A Coruña REPSOL, YPF, ENDESA GENERACIÓN, SIR, ENCE, GAIRESA, UNIÓN FENOSA, TIRME.Peer reviewe

Metal availability and bio-accessibility in water-logged soils: in vitro experiments

Presentado al congreso European Geosciences Union. General Assembly, 2010. 2-7 mayo en Viena, Austria.Reducing conditions of submerged soils were simulated in vitro by keeping various soil samples for various times of reaction (between 1 and 15 days) in sealed flasks and N2 atmosphere under an aqueous solution, 0.01 M CaCl2 containing 1 g/l glucose. Surface samples of soils from urban green areas of Ljubljana (LJU), Torino (TOR) and Sevilla, were chosen. In the latter case, two samples of the same soil were included, before (SE-0) and after (SE-8) receiving a composted biosolid (two yearly doses of 80000 kg/ha) obtained from sewage sludge, often used as amendment by the Parks & Gardens Service of the local Government. A fifth soil (QUE) was chosen from the area affected by an accident where 2 million m3 of metal-rich mine tailings were spilled over the Guadiamar river (SW Spain) and its riparian areas. This highly polluted soil was included for comparison. Values of Eh, pH and several metal concentrations were determined in the solution after each time, and metal availability and bio-accessibility were estimated in the soils after treatment. The metals studied were Fe, Mn and some of those called ‘urban’ metals, namely Cu, Pb and Zn.Peer reviewe

Assisted attenuation of a soil contaminated by diuron using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and organic amendments

7 páginas.-- 1 Grafico.-- 3 figuras.-- 2 tablas.-- 59 referenciasDiuron desorption and mineralisation were studied on an amended and artificially contaminated soil. The amendments used comprised two different composted organic residues i.e., sewage sludge (SS) mixed with pruning wastes, and urban solid residues (USR), and two different solutions (with inorganic salts as the micronutrients and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD)). After applying micronutrients to activate the soil flora, 15.5% mineralisation could be reached after 150 days, indicating that the soil has a potential capacity to mineralise the herbicide through biostimulation-assisted attenuation. Diuron mineralisation was also improved when HPBCD solutions were applied. Indeed, the extent of herbicide mineralisation reached 29.7% with this application. Moreover, both the lag phase and the half-life time (DT50) were reduced to 33 and 1778 days, respectively, relative to the application of just micronutrients (i.e., 39 and 6297 days, respectively). Organic amendments were also applied (i.e., USR and SS) on the contaminated soil: it was found that the diuron mineralisation rate was improved as the amendment concentration increased. The joint application of all treatments investigated at the best conditions tested was conducted to obtain the best diuron mineralisation results. The micronutrient amendment plus 4% USR or SS amendment plus HPBCD solution (10-fold diuron initially spiked) caused an extent of diuron mineralisation 33.2 or 46.5%, respectively.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (co-funded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER) under the research project CTM2009-07335 and Junta de Andalucía (RNM 894).Peer reviewe

Estudio de suelos de parques y jardines de Sevilla: relación entre diversos parámetros generales de los suelos y los contenidos de Cu y Zn, y efecto de la profundidad en la toma de muestras.

The urban soils of Seville have been studied within a European project (URBSOIL) during recent years. Relatively high levels of some metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) have been found in the nearest sites to the historical city centre suggesting a definite human influence. In general, a high metal availability has been found, which is a cause of concern. The object of this work was to study the relations between some general parameters in soils (pH, texture, electrical conductivity, calcium carbonate equivalent, organic carbon, N, C/N ratio) and the Cu and Zn contents, as well as to study the effect of depth on and the relations between them.Los suelos urbanos de Sevilla han sido estudiados en los últimos años dentro del proyecto URBSOIL. Previamente se habían encontrado niveles relativamente elevados de algunos metales (Cu, Pb y Zn) en las zonas más cercanas al centro histórico de la ciudad, con lo que parece evidente la influencia humana en el origen de estos metales. En general se había encontrado una alta disponibilidad de los metales, lo que incrementa la preocupación por este tipo de contaminación. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las relaciones entre los parámetros generales de los suelos (pH, granulometría, conductividad eléctrica, carbonato, carbono orgánico, nitrógeno y relación C/N) y los contenidos de Cu y Zn, así como estudiar la variación con la profundidad. Para ello, se han tomado muestras en un total de 32 puntos, a dos profundidades (0 a 10 cm y 10 a 20 cm) en varios parques y jardines de Sevilla, desde diciembre de 2003 a marzo de 2004. Las muestras se caracterizaron midiendo sus propiedades más importantes y sus contenidos pseudototales de Cu y Zn por digestión con agua regia.

Chronic treatment with somatostatin analogues in recurrent type 1 gastric neuroendocrine tumors

Background: Type 1 gastric neuroendocrine tumors (GC-1) represent an uncommon subtype of neoplasms. Endoscopic resection has been proposed as the treatment of choice; active surveillance may be performed in those smaller than 1 cm, while gastric surgery may be performed for those with frequent recurrences. The antiproliferative effect of somatostatin analogues (SSA) is well known, and their action on GC-1s has been postulated as a chronic treatment to reduce recurrence. Methods: A two-centered, retrospective, observational study that included nine patients (55.6% women) diagnosed with GC-1, receiving long-term treatment with SSA, with a median follow-up from baseline of 22 months, was undertaken. Endoscopic follow-up, extension study, and analytical values of chromogranin A (Cg A) and gastrin were collected. Results: In total, 88.9% of patients presented partial or complete response. Treatment with SSA was the only independent factor with a trend to prevent tumor recurrence (Odds Ratio 0.054; p = 0.005). A nonsignificant tendency toward a decrease in CgA and gastrin was observed; lack of significance was probably related to concomitant treatment with proton pump inhibitors in some patients. Conclusions: Chronic treatment with SSA is a feasible option for recurrent GC-1s that are difficult to manage using endoscopy or gastrectomy. Randomized clinical trials to provide more scientific evidence are still neede

CD69 expression on regulatory T cells protects from immune damage after myocardial infarction.

Increasing evidences advocate for an important function of T cells in controlling immune homeostasis and pathogenesis after myocardial infarction (MI), although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, a broad analysis of immune markers in 283 patients revealed a significant CD69 overexpression on Treg cells after MI. Our results in mice showed that CD69 expression on Treg cells increased survival after left-anterior-descending coronary artery (LAD)-ligation. Cd69-/- mice developed strong IL-17+ γδT cell responses after ischemia that increased myocardial inflammation and, consequently, worsened cardiac function. CD69+ Treg cells, by induction of AhR-dependent CD39 ectonucleotidase activity, induced apoptosis and decreased IL-17A production in γδT cells. Adoptive transfer of CD69+ Treg cells to Cd69-/- mice after LAD-ligation reduced IL-17+ γδT cell recruitment, thus increasing survival. Consistently, clinical data from two independent cohorts of patients indicated that increased CD69 expression in peripheral blood cells after acute MI was associated with a lower risk of re-hospitalization for heart failure (HF) after 2.5 years of follow-up. This result remained significant after adjustment for age, sex and traditional cardiac damage biomarkers. Our data highlight CD69 expression on Treg cells as a potential prognostic factor and a therapeutic option to prevent HF after MI.This study was supported by competitive grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN), through the Carlos III Institute of Health (ISCIII)-Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (PI22/01759) to P.M.; RTI2018-094727-B-100 to J. M-G; Comunidad de Madrid grants S2017/BMD-3671-INFLAMUNE-CM to P.M. and FSM.; Fundació La Marató TV3 (20152330 31) to J.M-G and F.S-M.; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) RTI2018-099357-B-I00, and CIBERFES (CB16/10/00282), Human Frontier Science Program (grant RGP0016/2018), and Leducq Transatlantic Networks (17CVD04) to JAE. AC is supported by Marie Skłodowska- Curie grant (agreement No. 713673). R.B-D. is supported by Formación de Profesorado Universitario (FPU16/02780) program from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports. The CNIC is supported by the ISCIII, the MCIN and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505).S

Relationship of Diet to Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Biomarkers in People with HIV

While changes in microbiome composition have been associated with HIV, the effect of diet and its potential impact on inflammation remains unclear. Methods: Twenty-seven people living with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) were studied. A comprehensive dietary analysis was performed and two types of dietary patterns were determined. We explored the associations of each dietary pattern with gut microbiota and plasma inflammatory biomarkers. Results: We appreciated two dietary patterns, Mediterranean-like (MEL) and one Western-like (WEL). Compared to participants with the WEL pattern, participants with MEL pattern showed higher abundance of Lachnospira (p-value = 0.02) and lower levels of the inflammatory biomarkers D-dimer (p-value = 0.050) and soluble TNF-alpha receptor 2 (sTNFR2) (p-value = 0.049). Men who have sex with men (MSM) with MEL pattern had lower abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae (p-value < 0.001) and lower levels of D-dimer (p-value = 0.026) than MSM with WEL pattern. Conclusion: MEL pattern favours Lachnospira abundance, and protects against Erysipelotrichaceae abundance and higher levels of the inflammatory biomarkers D-dimer and sTNFR2, precursors of inflammatory processes in HIV-infected patients. Our study contributes to understanding the determinants of a healthier diet and its connections with gut microbiota and inflammation

Programa SALUD 5-10: Programa para el tratamiento del sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños de 5 a 10 años: Antecedentes, Diseño y Metodología

Obesity is a particularly expensive and costly in economic and social terms disease for both people who suffer as public health institutions. Therefore, in recent decades, various international and national organizations have shown great concern for its implications, going to be treated as a real social problem. According to the World Health Organization, Spain is one of the EU countries with the highest prevalence of overweight children as recorded by 33% in the population between 5 and 17 years, whereas in Europe one in four children has overweight or obese. Furthermore, Spain is one of the countries where this disease has grown (in the eighties the prevalence was 15%).&nbsp;Several systematic reviews assessing the effectiveness of intervention programs based on increasing physical activity and dietary control of overweight and / or obesity in children and adolescents highlight the need to design specific programs for schoolchildren, and to assess objectively the effectiveness of such long-term programs in children and adolescents are overweight or obese.&nbsp;The aim of this paper is to describe the design and methodology used in 5-10 Health Program, a program that has been designed with the objective of addressing overweight and obesity in schoolchildren in the age group between 5-10 years.La obesidad es una enfermedad especialmente cara y costosa en términos económicos y sociales tanto para las personas que la padecen como para las instituciones públicas sanitarias. Por ello, en las últimas décadas distintas organizaciones internacionales y nacionales han mostrado una enorme preocupación por sus implicaciones, pasando a ser tratado como un verdadero problema social. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, España es uno de los países de la Unión Europea con mayor prevalencia de sobrepeso infantil, ya que registra un 33% en la población entre 5 y 17 años, mientras que en Europa uno de cada cuatro niños tiene sobrepeso o es obeso. Además, España es uno de los países donde más ha crecido esta enfermedad (en la década de los ochenta la prevalencia era de un 15%). Diversas revisiones sistemáticas que evalúan la efectividad de los programas de intervención basados en el aumento de la actividad física y el control dietético sobre el sobrepeso y/u obesidad en población infantil y adolescente resaltan la necesidad de diseñar programas específicos para los escolares, así como valorar objetivamente la eficacia de dichos programas a largo plazo en niños y adolescentes con sobrepeso u obesidad. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir el diseño y metodología utilizada en el Programa SALUD 5-10, un programa que ha sido diseñado con el objetivo de abordar el sobrepeso y la obesidad en escolares de una franja de edad entre 5 a 10 años

La Ilustración hispánica. Mestiza y universal

Catálogo de la exposición celebrada en la AECID (Madrid) de septiembre de 2017 a febrero de 2018Antecedentes y precursores de la Ilustración hispánica / Fermín del Pino -- La Escuela Universalista Hispánica o Española del siglo XVIII / Pedro Aullón de Haro -- El Galeón de Manila en la historia de la globalización / Davide Mombelli -- El Pacífico, Filipinas y los Mares del sur / Francisco G. Villanueva -- Expediciones de límites geográficos en América durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII / Carmen Martínez Martín -- Andrés, Hervás y la filología universal / Jesús García Gabaldón -- La Ilustración en Filipinas / Isaac Donoso -- La colaboración europea en materia científica. El período ilustrado / Fernando Miguel Pérez Herranz -- La salud como objetivo, la Real Expedición Filantrópica de la Vacuna : textos y contextos / Susana María Ramírez Martín -- El método del viaje / Joaquín Ibáñez Montoya -- La investigación basada en fuentes bibliográficas / Araceli Garcí

Marco activo de recursos de innovación docente: Madrid

Una guía de espacios e instituciones para actividades educativas complementarias en enseñanza secundaria y Formación Profesional