Confocal and Histological Features After Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Diacrylate Corneal Inlay Implantation

Purpose: To evaluate the in vivo biocompatibility of photopolymerized poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) intrastromal inlays in rabbit corneas. Methods: Sixty-three eyes of 42 New Zealand rabbits were included. Manual intrastromal pockets were dissected in 42 eyes. PEGDA inlays were obtained using a specifically designed photomask and were inserted in the intrastromal pocket of 21 eyes (inlay group); the remaining 21 right eyes did not receive any implant (pocket-only group). Twenty-one eyes with no intervention were used as controls. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) was performed at every visit. After 2 months, rabbits were sacrificed and corneas removed for histological analysis. Results: Corneas remained clear in all but two animals, and five cases of corneal neovascularization were seen (P = 0.2). Inlays remained stable without evidence of lateral or anterior migration, and no other complications were observed. No changes in anterior and posterior keratocyte density (P = 0.3 and P = 0.1, respectively) or endothelial cell density (P = 0.23) were observed between groups during the study time by IVCM. On pathology samples, thinning of the epithelium over the inlay area and epithelial hyperplasia over the edges were observed. A polygonal empty space with no evidence of PEGDA hydrogel within the midstroma was seen in the inlay group. Keratocytes were normal in shape and number in the vicinity of the PEGDA implant area. Conclusions: Photopolymerized PEGDA intrastromal inlays have shown relatively good safety and stability in rabbit corneas. Inlays were biostable in the corneal environment and remained transparent during follow up. Translational Relevance: The investigated PEGDA is promising for the development of biocompatible intrastromal implants.Supported in part by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education through Apply Research, grant MAT2006-13708-CO2-01. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. Disclosure: A. Bidaguren, None; J. Mendicute, None; I. Madarieta, Tecnalia (E); N. Garagorri, Tecnalia (E

Amasando saberes colectivos, populares y plurales: arte(s) y educación popular en El galponcito.

El presente artículo se propone relevar una experiencia de arte y educación en un contexto no formal, en la que trabajo desde hace ya tres años. El proyecto surge en el año 2017 y se lleva adelante en El galponcito, un pequeño galpón ubicado en el barrio Villa Revol Anexo (más conocido por los/as vecinos/as como Barrio Chino), en la ciudad de Córdoba.Intentaré avanzar en algunas reflexiones sobre los modos en que se organiza la práctica y cómo los mismos han sido construidos de manera horizontal, colectiva y plural. Para eso, comenzaré describiendo la experiencia (cómo nace, dónde, con qué deseos, etc.). Luego, enmarcaré la misma en la corriente de la Educación Popular, reconociendo cuáles son los aportes de este marco teórico a la práctica y cómo el diálogo teoría/acción impacta directamente en la construcción de la misma. Por último, trabajaré en relación a cuatro dimensiones desde la cuales abordamos el vínculo arte-educación en este contexto: a) consenso: cómo tomamos las decisiones, de qué forma, por qué; b) identidad: quiénes somos y qué venimos a decir, c) vínculos: el afecto como decisión política y d) transformación social.Como el trabajo se realiza desde la Educación Popular todos los saberes se construyen a partir del intercambio con otros/as y de manera colectiva. Por eso, el conocimiento que construimos es colectivo, popular y plural. Además, parte de nuestras experiencias vitales, de los contextos donde vivimos, pensamos y sentimos. El artículo intentará reflejar la potencia política y transformadora de la educación artística en contextos no formales y trabajos territoriales

¿Cuál es el valor del trabajo en pareja pedagógica dentro de los trayectos formativos de los/as profesores/as de Teatro? Análisis de una experiencia situada

El presente escrito gira en torno al trabajo en parejas pedagógicas durante los trayectos formativos de los/as docentes de teatro. Para eso, recuperaré mi experiencia personal de formación docente y la cotejaré con distintos materiales teóricos. Centrándome, fundamentalmente, en los procesos de observación y reflexión que llevé adelante en la residencia propuesta en el marco del Profesorado de Teatro (Facultad de Artes, UNC). El objetivo será reflexionar en torno al aporte significativo que puede surgir del trabajo en parejas pedagógicas en estos trayectos formativos particulares. Reconociendo, entonces, una correspondencia entre el trabajo al interior del ensayo en la práctica teatral y el trabajo en pareja pedagógica dentro de la práctica docente. Este aporte tiene, además, la pretensión de avanzar hacia la construcción de una didáctica especial surgida de la práctica situada y la reflexión teórica de los/as residentes

Active Collapse in the Central Betic Cordillera: Development of the Extensional System of the Granada Basin

The Betic Cordillera was formed by the collision between the Alboran Domain and the South Iberian paleomargin in the frame of the NW–SE convergent Eurasia–Nubia plate boundary. The central region is undergoing a heterogeneous extension that has not been adequately analysed. This comprehensive study addressed it by collecting structural geologic, seismologic, and geodetic data. The region west of the Sierra Nevada is deformed by the extensional system of the Granada Basin, which facilitates E–W to NE–SW extension. Moreover, the southern boundary of Sierra Nevada is affected by a remarkable N–S extension related to E–W normal to normal–dextral faults affecting the shallow crust. However, geologic and geodetic data suggest that the western and southwestern Granada Basin boundary constitutes a compressional front. These data lead to the proposal of an active extensional collapse from the uplifted Sierra Nevada region to theW–SW–S, over an extensional detachment. The collapse is determined by the uplift of the central Betics and the subsidence in the Alboran Basin due to an active subduction with rollback. Our results indicate that the central Betic Cordillera is a good example of ongoing extensional collapse in the general context of plate convergence, where crustal thickening and thinning simultaneously occurBARACA (PID2022-136678NB-I00 AEI/FEDER)P18-RT-3275, B-RNM-301-UGR18 (Junta de Andalucía/FEDER)Programa Operativo FEDER Andalucía 2014-2020 Ref. 126344 (University of Jaén)POAIUJA 2023/2024 (University of Jaén) projects and the Andalusian research groups RNM-148, RNM-282RNM-370University of GranadaSpanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (PTA2019-017685-I/AEI

Comunicación/Educación: narrar(se) y enunciar(se) de otros modos. Reflexiones desde la práctica con jóvenes socialmente vulnerables

Trabajo Final para optar al grado académico de Licenciado en Comunicación Social, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Córdoba (inédita). Calificación 10 (diez)El presente trabajo es un proyecto de intervención social. Se llevó adelante una instancia educativa con el objetivo de revalorizar la comunicación como una herramienta pedagógica para recuperar la reflexión y el sentido crítico de los/as jóvenes. Esta propuesta se llevó a cabo en el centro socio-educativo Lelikelen de la ciudad de Córdoba capital. Un espacio que nació con la voluntad de contrarrestar la exclusión socioeducativa, la precarización económica, las alternativas ilícitas de sobrevivencia, el consumo de drogas, el desamparo y la violencia social que sufren miles de jóvenes de sectores marginados, de numerosos barrios de la ciudad. Por esta razón, consideramos al centro socioeducativo como un lugar apto y virtuoso para llevar adelante nuestra propuesta. Emprendimos una intervención pedagógica a través de interpelaciones que piensen y construyan a los/as jóvenes como sujetos/as de educación activos/as, para generar la incorporación de nuevos contenidos valorativos y conceptuales, que incidan en sus prácticas cotidianas ya sea, para transformarlas como para reafirmarlas. En efecto, diseñamos, producimos y realizamos un taller de comunicación para que los/as jóvenes ejerzan su derecho a la libertad de pensamiento y de expresión, profundicen su capacidad de producción y análisis crítico y fortalezcan su rol protagónico en el desarrollo de su subjetivida

3D Cell Cultures as Prospective Models to Study Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer

The improvement of culturing techniques to model the environment and physiological conditions surrounding tumors has also been applied to the study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cancer research. EVs role is not only limited to cell-to-cell communication in tumor physiology, they are also a promising source of biomarkers, and a tool to deliver drugs and induce antitumoral activity. In the present review, we have addressed the improvements achieved by using 3D culture models to evaluate the role of EVs in tumor progression and the potential applications of EVs in diagnostics and therapeutics. The most employed assays are gel-based spheroids, often utilized to examine the cell invasion rate and angiogenesis markers upon EVs treatment. To study EVs as drug carriers, a more complex multicellular cultures and organoids from cancer stem cell populations have been developed. Such strategies provide a closer response to in vivo physiology observed responses. They are also the best models to understand the complex interactions between different populations of cells and the extracellular matrix, in which tumor-derived EVs modify epithelial or mesenchymal cells to become protumor agents. Finally, the growth of cells in 3D bioreactor-like systems is appointed as the best approach to industrial EVs production, a necessary step toward clinical translation of EVs-based therapy.The review is supported by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, within the national Plan RTI2018-094969-B-I00, and Excellence Severo Ochoa grant Innovative Research Grant (SEV-2016- 0644), and by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, grant number 860303

Development of an Intra-Layer Adaptive Toolpath Generation Control Procedure in the Laser Metal Wire Deposition Process

Recently developed concentric laser metal wire deposition (LMWD) heads allow metal addition processes which are independent of the deposition direction, thus enabling complex paths to be generated. The sensitivity of the process to height deviations has experimentally been observed to be greater with this type of head than with powder ones, therefore requiring more precise and local process control algorithms to be implemented. This work developed a methodology for measuring the part, layer by layer, using a 3D scanner based on structured laser light. Height corrections were applied to the mean and intra-layer height deviations by recalculating the deposition trajectories of the next layer to be deposited. Local height deviations were adjusted by varying the scanning speed, thus increasing the feed rate in the lower areas and decreasing it in the higher ones. Defects generated in the purpose, with height differences within the layer, were successfully corrected. A flat layer was re-established through the application of the control strategy. The internal integrity of the parts due to the scanning speed variation was analyzed, resulting in fully dense parts. The structured light measurement and height correction systems are found to be an affordable and time-efficient solution that can be integrated into an LMWD environment, thereby improving the process robustness.The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support given by IHOBE and the ERDF through the Addieco project and by the Basque Government through the Addisend project which is part of the Elkartek 2018 programme

The Campo de Dalias GNSS Network Unveils the Interaction between Roll-Back and Indentation Tectonics in the Gibraltar Arc

Funding: Junta de Andalucia; European Regional Development Fund; grant numbers: AGORA P18-RT-3275, PAPEL B-RNM-301-UGR18. Programa Operativo FEDER-Andalucia 2014–2020 Project ref. 1263446; University of Jaén; CEACTEMA; grant number: POAIUJA 21/22. Junta de Andalucía (Andalusian Board); grant numbers: RNM-148, RNM-282, RNM-370. V.T.S. was supported by the FPU PhD grant (16/04038).The Gibraltar Arc includes the Betic and Rif Cordilleras surrounding the Alboran Sea; it is formed at the northwest–southeast Eurasia–Nubia convergent plate boundary in the westernmost Mediterranean. Since 2006, the Campo de Dalias GNSS network has monitored active tectonic deformation of the most seismically active area on the north coast of the Alboran Sea. Our results show that the residual deformation rates with respect to Eurasia range from 1.7 to 3.0 mm/year; roughly homogenous west-southwestward displacements of the northern sites occur, while the southern sites evidence irregular displacements towards the west and northwest. This deformation pattern supports simultaneous east-northeast–west-southwest extension, accommodated by normal and oblique faults, and north-northwest–south-southeast shortening that develops east-northeast–west-southwest folds. Moreover, the GNSS results point to dextral creep of the main northwest–southeast Balanegra Fault. These GNNS results thus reveal, for the first time, present-day interaction of the roll-back tectonics of the Rif–Gibraltar–Betic slab in the western part of the Gibraltar Arc with the indentation tectonics affecting the eastern and southern areas, providing new insights for improving tectonic models of arcuate orogens.FPU 16/04038University of Jaén POAIUJA 21/22European Regional Development Fund 1263446, AGORA P18-RT-3275, PAPEL B-RNM-301-UGR18Junta de Andalucía RNM-148, RNM-282, RNM-37

The Role of Faults as Barriers in Confined Seismic Sequences: 2021 Seismicity in the Granada Basin (Betic Cordillera)

Fault barriers are key structures for studying seismic hazard in regions of intense brittle deformation. The interaction between fault sets affects their seismogenic behavior, if some of them act as barriers. The Granada Basin, in the Betic Cordillera, is a region affected by shallow brittle deformation, as it was the scenario for the recent Granada 2021 seismic sequence. This seismicity presented a swarm behavior at the beginning of the sequence, followed by mainshock-aftershock features. Geological and gravity data presented here reveal that the basement is affected by two sets of NW-SE and NE-SW normal faults and intensely deformed by vertical NW-SE joints. Improved relocation of the Granada 2021 seismicity reveals a confined chimney-shape seismicity caused by the activity of a 2 km long NW-SE normal fault segment. The confinement of the sequence is associated with the NE-SW fault set acting as a barrier that restricts the rupture area, limiting the maximum magnitude, and favoring the recurrence of events with smaller magnitude. The chimney-shape of the seismic sequence suggests that the deformation is propagated vertically to the surface, facilitated by preexisting fractures. The shallow extensional deformation during the uplift of the central Betic Cordillera drove the activity of the local structures obliquely to the regional extensional trends, as evidenced by the seismic sequence. This multidisciplinary study improves the knowledge on the origin of the Granada Basin and underlies the important role of preexisting fractures on fault segmentation and seismic propagation, decreasing the seismic potential of this area

The Role of Faults as Barriers in Confined Seismic Sequences: 2021 Seismicity in the Granada Basin (Betic Cordillera)

Fault barriers are key structures for studying seismic hazard in regions of intense brittle deformation. The interaction between fault sets affects their seismogenic behavior, if some of them act as barriers. The Granada Basin, in the Betic Cordillera, is a region affected by shallow brittle deformation, as it was the scenario for the recent Granada 2021 seismic sequence. This seismicity presented a swarm behavior at the beginning of the sequence, followed by mainshock-aftershock features. Geological and gravity data presented here reveal that the basement is affected by two sets of NW-SE and NE-SW normal faults and intensely deformed by vertical NW-SE joints. Improved relocation of the Granada 2021 seismicity reveals a confined chimney-shape seismicity caused by the activity of a 2 km long NW-SE normal fault segment. The confinement of the sequence is associated with the NE-SW fault set acting as a barrier that restricts the rupture area, limiting the maximum magnitude, and favoring the recurrence of events with smaller magnitude. The chimney-shape of the seismic sequence suggests that the deformation is propagated vertically to the surface, facilitated by preexisting fractures. The shallow extensional deformation during the uplift of the central Betic Cordillera drove the activity of the local structures obliquely to the regional extensional trends, as evidenced by the seismic sequence. This multidisciplinary study improves the knowledge on the origin of the Granada Basin and underlies the important role of preexisting fractures on fault segmentation and seismic propagation, decreasing the seismic potential of this area.Spanish projects Evaluación de la Peligrosidad de Inestabilidades de Laderas Asociadas a Terremotos (CGL2015-65602-R AEI-FEDER)B-RNM-301-UGR18 (Junta de Andalucía/FEDER);P18-RT-3275 (Junta de Andalucía/FEDER)Programa Operativo FEDER Andalucía 2014–2020 – call made by the University of Jaén (Ref. 126344)POAIUJA 2021/2022 from the University of JaénAndalusian research groups RNM-148Andalusian research groups RNM-282Andalusian research groups RNM-37