Wiedza i informacja w nowoczesnym społeczeństwie - przyczynek do dyskusji o społeczeństwie wiedzy

This article presents the basic concept of a “knowledge society,” and, in conjunction with the term “science-based culture,” presents certain indicators of the existence of this culture, as well as the conditions that permit stability and functionality to be combined with an approval of the many collective expectations vested in this culture. Five rules of scientific work are stated, an adherence to which permits the protection of the scientific identity of tomorrow’s world. Describing what a knowledge society is, attention is drawn to the subjects citizens are taught in such a society and the effects on citizens if such an education is introduced to practice. Further on, the meaning of the following concepts: “post-industrial society”, “information society” and “information technology society” is discussed and a definition of an information technology society offered, comparing such a society (being a society of the masses) with a public society. The final part of the article discusses the basic qualities of the citizen of an information technology society.Autorzy przedstawiają podstawowe pojęcia związane ze „społeczeństwem wiedzy” , w powiązaniu z terminem „kultury opartej na nauce” prezentują określone wskaźniki obecności tej kultury, a także warunki pozwalające na połączenie stabilności i funkcjonalności z aprobatą wielości kolektywnych oczekiwań wobec tej kultury. Następnie wymieniają pięć reguł pracy naukowej, których respektowanie pozwala na ochronę tożsamości naukowej perspektywy świata. Opisując, czym jest społeczeństwo wiedzy, zwracają uwagę na to, czego się uczy obywateli w tym społeczeństwie, a także jakie w efekcie cechy będzie mieć obywatel, jeśli taka edukacja zostanie wprowadzona w życie. W kolejnej części artykułu Autorzy omawiają znaczenie pojęć „społeczeństwo postindustrialne”, „społeczeństwo informacyjne” i „społeczeństwo informatyczne” oraz proponują własną definicję społeczeństwa informatycznego, przeciwstawiając tego typu społeczeństwo (będące społeczeństwem mas) społeczeństwu publiczności. W ostatniej części omówione zostały podstawowe cechy obywatela społeczeństwa informatycznego

Status i funkcje eksperta w urządzaniu życia naukowego

The authors attempt to answer the following questions: (1) Who is a good expert on arranging academic life? (2) What is the right sociotechnics to arrange academic life? (3) What are the preferences/rationalities that could guide an expert on arranging academic life? (4) What are the functions of an expert who is knowledgeable in solving problems of arranging academic life? (5) What are the proper ways of arranging conditions for education and raising young researchers? (6) What types of games (for success on the media market) are played by academic life experts in times of mass democracy, mass culture and mass learning?Autorzy podejmują próbę odpowiedzi na następujące pytania: (1) Kim jest dobry ekspert w sprawach urządzania życia naukowego? (2) Jaka jest właściwa socjotechnika urządzania życia naukowego? (3) Jakimi preferencjami/racjonalnościami kierować się może ekspert zajmujący się sprawami urządzania życia naukowego? (4) Jakie funkcje pełni ekspert - znawca rozwiązywania problemów urządzania życia naukowego? (5) Jak właściwie urządzać warunki kształcenia i wychowywania adeptów nauki? (6) Jakie rodzaje gier (o sukces na rynku medialnym) toczy ekspert działający na polu urządzania życia naukowego w środowisku demokracji masowej, kultury masowej i nauki masowej

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnostic detection of Taenia saginata copro-antigens in humans

An immunodiagnostic sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of soluble Taenia saginata antigens in stool samples (copro-antigens) of infected humans, using affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies obtained from rabbits hyperimmunized with excretory/secretory antigens derived from T. saginata maintained in vitro. Investigation of operating characteristics showed very low cross-reactivity with crude antigens from helminths other than Taenia, including Dipylidium caninum and Diphyllobothrium latum. The specificity of the assay was 95% when testing stool samples from 100 persons who were either infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, hookworms, Enterobius vermicularis or Hymenolepis nana, or who had no intestinal helminthosis detected. Analysis of diagnostic sensitivity demonstrated that in 85% of 34 samples from 23 untreated persons with intestinal T. saginata infection (selected by previous proglottid and/or egg detection) copro-antigens were detected by the T. saginata ELISA. In the same samples, Taenia eggs were detected in 62%. Only 41% of the samples reacted positively in a heterologous T. hydatigena ELISA. Post-treatment control revealed a high concentration of T. saginata copro-antigens for 1-4 d after administration of niclosamide or praziquantel, and negative values 9-17 d after treatment. The Taenia copro-antigens remained detectable by ELISA even after storage of untreated faeces at 25 °C for at least 5

Preface : “Practical Research on Gamification in Education (2)”

<p>(A) Areas under the curves (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) in 746 patients for pentosidine in relation to all-cause mortality.(B) Areas under the curves (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) in 746 patients for pentosidine in relation to CVD-mortality.</p

Europejski Fundusz Społeczny jako źródło finansowania spółdzielni socjalnych – studium przypadku

Social cooperatives are entities of social economy, which is an area of the economy undertaking an attempt to balance commercial and non-commercial purposes. The main objective of social cooperatives is not only economic activity but also the social and vocational reintegration of its members. Through social reintegration should be understood rebuilding and maintaining skills for participation in the local community and perform certain social roles. Vocational reintegration is action to rebuild and maintain the ability to independently perform work on the labor market. Creating social cooperatives to be an expression implement active employment policies and social and vocational integration for people at risk of exclusion from the labor market. As a social economy players cooperatives are characterized by, among others, supremacy of social objectives over capital and profit. The Act of Law on Social Cooperatives support the forms of cooperatives and cooperative, for example, types of financing these entities. One of the types of financing are funds from the European Social Fund, one of the instruments the European Union, which allows the promo-tion of employment. Currently Podkarpackie region ranks fourth in the nation in the number of registered cooperatives. The performed analyzes allowed to establish a significant impact possibility of using European funds on the number of formed cooperatives. With 102 entities registered in the National Court Register in the Podkarpackie region, up 78 created through projects announced by the Regional Labour Office cofinanced by the European Social Fund over the last five years.Spółdzielnie socjalne są podmiotami ekonomii społecznej, która jest obszarem gospodarki podejmującym próbę równoważenia celów komercyjnych i nierynkowych. Głównym celem dzia-łań spółdzielni socjalnych jest nie tylko prowadzenie działalności gospodarczej, ale także społecz-na i zawodowa reintegracja jej członków. Poprzez społeczną reintegrację należy rozumieć odbu-dowę i podtrzymanie umiejętności uczestniczenia w życiu społeczności lokalnej oraz pełnienia określonych ról społecznych. Zawodowa reintegracja to natomiast działania mające na celu odbu-dowę i podtrzymanie zdolności do samodzielnego świadczenia pracy na rynku pracy. Tworzenie spółdzielni socjalnych ma być wyrazem realizacji aktywnej polityki zatrudnienia oraz integracji społecznej i zawodowej dla osób zagrożonych wykluczeniem z rynku pracy. Jako podmioty eko-nomii społecznej spółdzielnie odznaczają się m.in. nadrzędnością celów społecznych ponad kapi-tałem i zyskiem. Zapisy ustawy o spółdzielniach socjalnych określają formy wsparcia spółdzielni i spółdzielców w tym rodzaje finansowania tych podmiotów. Jednym z rodzajów finansowania są środki pochodzące z Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego, jednego z instrumentów Unii Europej-skiej, który m.in. umożliwia wspieranie zatrudnienia. Obecnie woj. podkarpackie zajmuje czwarte miejsce w kraju pod względem liczby zarejestrowanych spółdzielni socjalnych. Przeprowadzone analizy pozwoliły na ustalenie znaczącego wpływu możliwości korzystania ze środków europej-skich na liczbę powstających spółdzielni. Ze 102 podmiotów zarejestrowanych w Krajowym Rejestrze Sądowym w woj. podkarpackim aż 78 powstało w ciągu ostatnich pięciu lat dzięki pro-jektom ogłoszonym przez Wojewódzki Urząd Pracy współfinansowanym ze środków Europej-skiego Funduszu Społecznego. &nbsp

Tourism and Intangible Cultural Heritage: a Review of Opportunities and Threats. The Case of Traditional Crafts and Handicrafts

Tourism is an important social phenomenon and a sector of economy that is developing more and more rapidly. It is especially cultural tourism that grows fast and also serves as a platform for the meeting of tourism and intangible cultural heritage. It meets the needs of the postmodern man who seeks excitement and diversity. The UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (2003) does not address the topic of tourism. From the point of view of researchers, it is regarded as a threat to intangible cultural heritage that may result  in its commercialization and commodification. However, tourism can also have a positive impact on intangible cultural heritage, including traditional handicraft skills. The topic of the paper is the relationship between tourism and intangible cultural heritage with particular emphasis on traditional crafts and handicrafts. The text is an attempt to show the positive and negative consequences of this contact and to demonstrate on the example of traditional lace-making in Bobowa that the relationship does not entail only negative consequences.</p

Power industry – coal ecology

In this work, the fuel structure of electric energy production is presented, and also the coal-based power industry influence on the environment, greenhouse effect, mercury emissions from coal burned by power stations. EU requirements regarding limits of mercury emissions, as well as methods and techniques enabling reduction of mercury emissions originating from coal burning processes

Dialysis initiation and clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease : role of education and biomarkers

For patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who develop kidney failure, renal replacement therapy (RRT) with kidney transplantation is the best treatment option. But if this is not possible due to lack of organs or medical factors, dialysis initiation with haemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) is required. Unplanned start (UPS) of dialysis using in-centre HD with central venous catheter (CVC) as default option is common and associates with increased mortality and lower chance of receiving PD. Educating and providing PD to UPS patients is possible and with clinical outcomes comparable to UPS with HD. As RRT patients have increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) related mortality - due to not only traditional risk factors but also non-traditional risk factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and protein energy wasting – there is a need to identify biomarkers reflecting such risk factors. This thesis consists of three studies aimed to improve the knowledge about patient education in conjunction with dialysis initiation and in particular the effect of the unplanned education programme (UPS-EP) on clinical outcomes of UPS patients, and two studies of the predictive role of two putative clinically useful biomarkers (S100A12 and pentosidine) which are components of AGE-RAGE pathway. In Study I we evaluated the feasibility and impact of UPS-EP to allow modality choice in 270 patients. Patients completing UPS-EP were more likely to select PD as their preferred modality. Patient survival in patients choosing and/or receiving PD was similar to HD despite age and comorbidity disadvantages of the PD patients. In Study II, factors influencing three key steps in the UPS patient educational pathway: (1) referral to and receiving UPS-EP, (2) making decision on dialysis modality, (3) receiving preferred dialysis modality after decision making were analyzed. Older age reduced probability of receiving UPS-EP but not the chance of making modality decision. Cultural country factors had strong influence on probability of receiving education and making modality decision. In Study III we compared UPS patients commencing dialysis with PD catheter or CVC, described characteristics of patients switching modality, evaluated patient outcomes such as PD technique failure and investigated predictors of permanent vascular access formation and clinical outcomes of patients undergoing HD during follow up. Older patients and those with congestive heart failure had lower chances receive arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Patients with AVF had better 1-year survival than those remaining on CVC. In Study IV we investigated circulating S100A12 and soluble RAGE (sRAGE) in relation to peripheral or cerebrovascular disease (PCVD), inflammation, nutritional status, and mortality risk in PD patients. Plasma S100A12 and sRAGE were markedly elevated and sRAGE was inversely related to body mass indices while S100A12 associated with increased inflammation, PCVD, and mortality, suggesting that S100A12 may identify PD patients at high risk for vascular disease and increased mortality. In Study V we evaluated factors linked to increased plasma pentosidine and associations with mortality in patients with different stages and treatment of CKD. Plasma pentosidine was markedly elevated and associated with low GFR, oxidative stress and inflammation, and it predicted all-cause and CVD mortality. Despite exposure to glucose containing dialysis fluids in PD patients, their plasma pentosidine concentrations were not higher than in HD patients indicating that other factors than glucose exposure matters