Aspects of the unitarized soft multipomeron approach in DIS and diffraction

We studyin detail the main features of the unitarized Regge model (CFKS), recentlyprop osed to describe the small-Q2 domain. It takes into account a two-component description with two types of unitarized contributions: one is the multiple pomeron exchange contribution, interacting with the large dipole size configurations, and the other one consists of a unitarized dipole cross section, describing the interaction with the small size dipoles. We analyze the ratio between soft and hard pieces as a function of the virtuality, and also compare the resulting dipole cross section to that from the saturation model. Diffraction dissociation is also considered, showing the scaling violations in diffractive DIS and estimating the corresponding logarithmic slope

Estudos sobre a nutrição mineral do sorgo granífero: IX - efeitos do potássio

A greenhouse experiment was carried out to verify the effects of potassium on growth, yield and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorption of 5 grain sorghum cultivars. Sorghum plants were grown in 20 1 pots, in presence either of full strengh solution, or potassium diluted to 0.5, 0.2 and 0.1 of normal concentration. At harvest (110 days from germination) the plants were split into several parts, oven dried, and ground. The samples were then analysed for total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The potassium levels in nutrient solution afected the dry weight of sorghum grains; effects onthe dry weight of the other plant parts were not observed. The absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium decreased with the decrease in potassium supply; but only the nitrogen translocation to grains was afected by potassium levels in nutrient solution.Cinco cultivares de sorgo granífero foram cultivados em solução nutritiva, com o objetivo de se estudar os efeitos da deficiência de potássio no crescimento, produção e absorção de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio. O sorgo foi cultivado em solução nutritiva completa ou com potássio diluído a 1/2, 1/5 e 1/10 da concentração usual, até o final do ciclo, ou seja 110 dias. As plantas foram então colhidas e separa das em raiz, colmo, folhas, raquis e grãos, sendo a seguir secadas e moídas. Foram feitas análises de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em cada uma das partes das plantas. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que, em média, os níveis de potássio tiveram efeito apenas na produção dos grãos de sorgo, não afetando a matéria seca produzida das demais partes da planta. Os níveis de potássio tiveram ainda efeito significativo sobre as quantidades de nitrogênio; fósforo e potássio absorvidas pelas plantas; a translocação de nitrogênio para os grãos foi também afetada significativamente

EFEITO DA LASERTERAPIA EM TENDINITE EXPERIMENTAL NO TENDÃO FLEXOR DIGITAL SUPERFICIAL EM EQÜINOS: ESTUDO HISTOLÓGICO E ULTRA-SONOGRÁFICO

Foi analisado o efeito da laserterapia com emissão do raio laser arsenieto de gálio na reparação tendínea de eqüinos após indução de tendinite experimental. Foram utilizados 10 eqüinos, SRD, com idade média de 2 a 5 anos, selecionados quanto a normalidade do aparelho locomotor. A tendinite foi induzida pela injeção de colagenase C1639 Tipo I-S na concentração de 2,5 mg/ml na dose de 0,5 ml nos tendões flexores superficiais de ambos os membros anteriores. Após 48 horas da injeção da colagenase, foram realizados exames ultra-sonográficos consecutivos com intervalos de 24 horas, para avaliação das alterações ocorridas no tendão e instituído a laser terapia diária por 15 dias com emissão local do raio laser Arsenieto de Gallium na dose de 8 joules/cm² no membro anterior esquerdo, permanecendo o contra-lateral (direito) como controle. No 40º dia de avaliação ultra-sonográfica realizou-se biópsia na região da lesão para exames histológicos. Os exames ultrasonográfico e histológico não demonstraram diferenças entre os membros tratados e os membros controle. Esses resultados demonstraram que o raio laser Arsenieto de Gallium na dosimetria de 8 joules/cm² não interferiu de forma significativa no processo de reparação tendínea. Effects of laser therapy on experimental tendinitis in horses: ultrasonographic and histologic study Abstract Ultrasonography is being used very successfully for the evaluation of equine soft tissues, improving the diagnosis and monitoring soft tissue musculskeletal injury accurately and noninvasively. The superficial digital flexor tendon is by far the most frequently involved tendon in sport horse injury, being this way, highly adequate for ultrasonographic characterization and healing. Colagenase was injected bilaterally in the superficial digital flexor tendon, at the medium third metacarpus in ten horses. Ultrasonography was performed 24 hours later in order to study the effect if this inflammatory agent on the tendon ultrasongraphy was performed using a real time ultrasound with 7.5 MHz transducer. According to GENOVESE et al. (1986) classification, types II and III injuries were observed. One limb of each horse was treated with soft laser daily for 15 consecutive days using 8 joules/cm. The opposite limb was used as control. Ultrasonography was performed every 48 hours for 40 days showing no difference in the healing between treated and untreated limbs. No significant differences were observed between the histological aspects of the superficial digital flexor tendon healing and the ultrasonographic images. It was possible then to conclude that laser therapy did not interfere in the tendon healing

Use Dosimetry Virtual Tool for Security Studies Physics and Nuclear

AbstractThe objective of this work is to develop a virtual detection tool of radioactive sources, such as to facilitate and assist the training and nuclear security planning. To accomplish this tool was created a virtual model of the Nuclear Engineering Institute (IEN) with virtual characters (avatars), able to move and interact with the environment, radiation detectors (fixed and portable) and sources radioactive. A tool developed enabled the simulation where individuals who were carrying radioactive sources were identified through the detectors installed at strategic points in the virtual environment. Furthermore, it was possible to detect and locate sources for handling portable detectors, operated by the characters within the virtual environment. The results showed a radiation detection system before the continuous profile radioactive sources, making it possible to evaluate the dose rate at any position of the virtual environment. So this work could help in both the security agents training and in the evaluation of the radiological safety of a nuclear site

Genetic diversity of breeding popcorn lines determined by SSR markers

Information about genetic dissimilarity is very important to corroborate genealogical relationships and to predict the most heterozygotic hybrid combinations. Eight popcorn S6 lines of diverse germplasm types were evaluated using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. Of a total of 51 evaluated polymorphic primers, 15 were used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The genetic distance was estimated by Rogers' modified distance. The different popcorn breeding programs in Brazil are possibly using highly similar base-populations. The genetic similarity of lines P1-3 and P8-1 was lowest, while P3-3 and P8-2 were genetically more similar. The cophenetic correlation showed that the Unweighted Pair-Group Method Using Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) was reliable to discriminate the genotypes in five groups. The clusters were consistent with the estimates of genetic identity. There was a moderate coincidence degree between the groups and genealogy of lines. Higher levels of heterozygosity are expected from crosses between the group containing lines P3-3 and P7-3 with that of P1-3 and P7-4. Crosses between lines P1-3 and P8-1 are also promising

Evidence for eosinophil recruitment, leukotriene B4 production and mast cell hyperplasia following Toxocara canis infection in rats

It is well known that eosinophilia is a key pathogenetic component of toxocariasis. The objective of the present study was to determine if there is an association between peritoneal and blood eosinophil influx, mast cell hyperplasia and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production after Toxocara canis infection. Oral inoculation of 56-day-old Wistar rats (N = 5-7 per group) with 1000 embryonated eggs containing third-stage (L3) T. canis larvae led to a robust accumulation of total leukocytes in blood beginning on day 3 and peaking on day 18, mainly characterized by eosinophils and accompanied by higher serum LTB4 levels. At that time, we also noted increased eosinophil numbers in the peritoneal cavity. In addition, we observed increased peritoneal mast cell number in the peritoneal cavity, which correlated with the time course of eosinophilia during toxocariasis. We also demonstrated that mast cell hyperplasia in the intestines and lungs began soon after the T. canis larvae migrated to these compartments, reaching maximal levels on day 24, which correlated with the complete elimination of the parasite. Therefore, mast cells appear to be involved in peritoneal and blood eosinophil infiltration through an LTB4-dependent mechanism following T. canis infection in rats. Our data also demonstrate a tight association between larval migratory stages and intestinal and pulmonary mast cell hyperplasia in the toxocariasis model

Monitoring Of Bcr-abl Levels In Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated With Imatinib In The Chronic Phase - The Importance Of A Major Molecular Response

Background: Real time PCR has become the most common technique to monitor BCR-ABL transcript levels of patients treated with kinase inhibitors. The aim of this study was to evaluate BCR-ABL levels of chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with imatinib in the chronic phase and correlate the response to therapy and event-free survival. Methods: BCR-ABL levels were measured in peripheral blood cell samples using Real time PCR at diagnosis and then every 3 months after starting therapy with imatinib. Major molecular response was defined as a three-log reduction from the standardized baseline value. Major molecular response values were adjusted to international scale using a conversion factor of 1.19. The results are reported as a BCR-ABL/ABL ratio (%). Results: Hematological, major cytogenetic and complete cytogenetic responses were achieved by 57 (95%), 45 (75%) and 38 (63%) patients, respectively. Twenty-four out of sixty patients achieved a major molecular response (40%) in a median time of 8.5 months. Overall survival and event free survival were higher for patients with (100%) versus patients without (77%) a complete cytogenetic response (p-value = 0.01) at 48 months. Patients with complete cytogenetic response and major molecular response had a higher event free survival compared to patients with complete cytogenetic response but without major molecular response (p-value = 0.007). Conclusion: In conclusion, the prognostic impact of achieving complete cytogenetic response and a major molecular response and also the importance of molecular monitoring in the follow-up of chronic myeloid leukemia patients were demonstrated.333211215Melo, J.V., The molecular biology of chronic myeloid leukaemia (1996) Leukemia, 10 (5), pp. 751-756Wang, L., Pearson, K., Pillitteri, L., Ferguson, J.E., Clark, R.E., Serial monitoring of BCR-ABL by peripheral blood real-time polymerase chain reaction predicts the marrow cytogenetic response to imatinib mesylate in chronic myeloid leukaemia (2002) Br J Haematol, 118 (3), pp. 771-777Muller, M.C., Gattermann, N., Lahaye, T., Deininger, M.W., Berndt, A., Fruehauf, S., Dynamics of BCR-ABL mRNA expression in firstline therapy of chronic myelogenous leukemia patients with imatinib or interferon alpha/ara-C (2003) Leukemia, 17 (12), pp. 2392-2400Branford, S., Hughes, T.P., Rudzki, Z., Monitoring chronic myeloid leukaemia therapy by real-time quantitative PCR in blood is a reliable alternative to bone marrow cytogenetics (1999) Br J Haematol, 107 (3), pp. 587-599Radich, J.P., Gooley, T., Bryant, E., Chauncey, T., Clift, R., Beppu, L., The significance of bcr-abl molecular detection in chronic myeloid leukemia patients late, 18 months or more after transplantation (2001) Blood, 98 (6), pp. 1701-1707Hughes, T.P., Kaeda, J., Branford, S., Rudzki, Z., Hochhaus, A., Hensley, M.L., Frequency of major molecular responses to imatinib or interferon-alpha plus cytarabine in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia (2003) N Engl J Med, 349 (15), pp. 1423-1432Press, R.D., Love, Z., Tronnes, A.A., Yang, R., Tran, T., Mongoue- tchokote, S., BCR-ABL mRNA levels at and after the time of a complete cytogenetic response predict the duration of CCR in imatinib mesylate-treated patients with CML (2006) Blood, 107 (11), pp. 4250-4256Cortes, J., Talpaz, M., O'Brien, S., Jones, D., Luthra, R., Shan, J., Molecular responses in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase treated with imatinib mesylate (2005) Clin Cancer Res, 11 (9), pp. 3425-3432Iacobucci, I., Saglio, G., Rosti, G., Testoni, N., Pane, F., Amabile, M., Achieving a major molecular response at the time of a complete cytogenetic response (CCgR) predicts a better duration of CCgR in imatinib-treated chronic myeloid leukemia patients (2006) Clin Cancer Res, 12 (10), pp. 3037-3042Baccarani, M., Saglio, G., Goldman, J., Hochhaus, A., Simonsson, B., Appelbaum, F., Evolving concepts in the management of chronic myeloid leukemia: Recommendations from an expert panel on behalf of the European LeukemiaNet (2006) Blood, 108 (6), pp. 1809-1820Hughes, T., Deininger, M., Hochhaus, A., Branford, S., Radich, J., Kaeda, J., Monitoring CML patients responding to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Review and recommendations for harmonizing current methodology for detecting BCR-ABL transcripts and kinase domain mutations and for expressing results (2006) Blood, 108 (1), pp. 28-37Branford, S., Cross, N.C., Hochhaus, A., Radich, J., Saglio, G., Kaeda, J., Rationale for the recommendations for harmonizing current methodology for detecting BCR-ABL transcripts in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (2006) Leukemia, 20 (11), pp. 1925-1930Cortes, J., Baccarani, M., Fea, G., (2008) A Phase III, Randomized, Openlabel Study of 400 Mg Versus 800 Mg of Imatinib Mesylate (IM) in Patients With Newly Diagnosed, Previously Untreated Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase (CML-CP), Using Molecular Endpoints: One Year Results of TOPS (Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Optimization and Selectivity) Study, , 50th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition Online program and Abstracts. San Francisco, CABranford, S., Fletcher, L., Cross, N.C., Muller, M.C., Hochhaus, A., Kim, D.W., Desirable performance characteristics for BCR-ABL measurement on an international reporting scale to allow consistent interpretation of individual patient response and comparison of response rates between clinical trials (2008) Blood, 112 (8), pp. 3330-3338O'Brien, S.G., Guilhot, F., Larson, R.A., Gathmann, I., Baccarani, M., Cervantes, F., Imatinib compared with interferon and lowdose cytarabine for newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (2003) N Engl J Med, 348 (11), pp. 994-1004Marin, D., Milojkovic, D., Olavarria, E., Khorashad, J.S., de Lavallade, H., Reid, A.G., European LeukemiaNet criteria for failure or suboptimal response reliably identify patients with CML in early chronic phase treated with imatinib whose eventual outcome is poor (2008) Blood, 112 (12), pp. 4437-444

IRS2 silencing increases apoptosis and potentiates the effects of ruxolitinib in jak2v617f-positive myeloproliferative neoplasms

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)The recurrent V617F mutation in JAK2 (JAK2(V617F)) has emerged as the primary contributor to the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). However, the lack of complete response in most patients treated with the JAK1/2 inhibitor, ruxolitinib, indicates the need for identifying pathways that cooperate with JAK2. Activated JAK2 was found to be associated with the insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) in non-hematological cells. We identified JAK2/IRS2 binding in JAK2(V617F) HEL cells, but not in the JAK2(WT) U937 cell line. In HEL cells, IRS2 silencing decreased STAT5 phosphorylation, reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis; these effects were enhanced when IRS2 silencing was combined with ruxolitinib. In U937 cells, IRS2 silencing neither reduced cell viability nor induced apoptosis. IRS1/2 pharmacological inhibition in primary MPN samples reduced cell viability in JAK2(V617F)-positive but not JAK2(WT) specimens; combination with ruxolitinib had additive effects. IRS2 expression was significantly higher in CD34(+) cells from essential thrombocythemia patients compared to healthy donors, and in JAK2(V617F) MPN patients when compared to JAK2(WT). Our data indicate that IRS2 is a binding partner of JAK2(V617F) in MPN. IRS2 contributes to increased cell viability and reduced apoptosis in JAK2-mutated cells. Combined pharmacological inhibition of IRS2 and JAK2 may have a potential clinical application in MPN.The recurrent V617F mutation in JAK2 (JAK2V617F) has emerged as the primary contributor to the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). However, the lack of complete response in most patients treated with the JAK1/2 inhibitor, ruxolitinib, indi7669486959sem informaçãoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)sem informaçã