Perceived Roles and Responsibilities of Secondary School Principals and School Resource Officers towards School Security

The purpose of this qualitative study is to identify the perceptions of Tennessee’s high school principals and school resource officers as to their roles and responsibilities during a school security crisis. Four thematic elements are discussed as existing among principals and school resource officers. Those thematic elements include relationships, school environment, roles, and obstacles between both groups. Previous research has examined an array of school security issues, but few have delved into this specific topic. Such knowledge is essential for the citizenry to maximize efforts of protecting students attending public schools

Ideal object - Empirical object. A sublimated vision of functionalism in Mart Stam

[EN] The Modern Movement was an intricate interweaving of opinions that drives us to think that the different ways of approaching modern principles were independent paths which converged. So on the one hand we have the pseudo-scientific functionalism and on the other, the route closer to humanist or sociological visions. The example of the Dutch architect Mart Stam, who died 30 years ago, helps us to understand how these visions were often hybrid. Thus, through their proposals we can understand how behind a seemingly rigid and deterministic structure lies a reading that transcends the instrumental use of the structure itself, until it becomes a pure emblem of modernity[ES] El Movimiento Moderno supuso un intrincado cruce de voces que conduce a pensar que las diferentes vías de aproximación a los postulados modernos confluyeron por caminos independientes. Así tenemos por un lado la del funcionalismo pseudo-científico y por el otro, la vía más próxima a visiones humanistas o sociológicas. El ejemplo del arquitecto holandés Mart Stam, del que este año se cumplen 30 años de su muerte, nos ayuda a entender como esas visiones fueron a menudo híbridas. Así, a través de sus propuestas, podremos entender cómo detrás de un uso aparentemente rígido y determinista de la estructura subyace una lectura que trasciende el propio uso instrumental de la misma hasta convertirse en puro emblema de la modernidad.López Martín, P. (2016). Objeto Ideal - Objeto Empírico. La visión sublimada del funcionalismo en Mart Stam. EN BLANCO. Revista de Arquitectura. 8(21):84-90. doi:10.4995/eb.2016.6373SWORD8490821FRAMPTON, Kenneth. Historia crítica de la arquitectura moderna. (8ªed) Barcelona: Gustavo-Gili SA, 1996.GROPIUS, Walter. La nueva arquitectura y la Bauhaus. Barcelona: Lumen, 1996.H.C.L, Jaffé. De Stijl 1917-1931. The Dutch contribution to modern art. Massachusets: Balknup Press. 1986, p.72.NEUMEYER, Fritz. Mies van der Rohe. La palabra sin artificio, reflexiones sobre arquitectura 1922/1968. Madrid: El Croquis Editorial. 1995.ZOETBROOD, Ronald. Jan Duiker en het sanatorium Zonnestraal. Amsterdam: Van Gennep. 1984Garcia, R . Espacio y regularidad. Aspectos de la obra de Mart Stam. En: Anales de Arquitectura, Universidad de Valladolid, 1996, no. 7, pp. 60-71.Macel, O. La linea continua del sedersi. En: Rassegna, 1991, no. 47, pp. 50-60.Möller, W. Mart Stam o la rappresentazione della nuova architettura. En: Rassegna, 1991, no. 47, pp. 15-23.Stam, M. "Wettbewerbsentwurt für ein Bureauhaus am Knie" [1922] (B. Proyecto para concurso de oficinas, am Knie'). En: ABC, 1926, no 3, pp. 3.Stam, M. y Schmidt, H . "ABC forcet die Diktatur der Maschine" (ABC reclama la dictadura de lamáquina). En: ABC, 1927/1928, no. 4, pp. 1, 2

The Stage as a Drawing Board: Zuni Icosahedron’s Architecture Is Art Festival

The multimedia performances of the Architecture Is Art Festival explore the connections of architecture, theatre, and architecture in theatre to voice a number of concerns relating to heritage preservation and technological development, historical memory and current politics. The interrogatives raised by these performances are intimately connected with the ontology of Hong Kong identity and testify to the spirit of traveling—through cultures, media, and disciplines—and the attitude of questioning that has become synonymous with Zuni Icosahedron

New Fluorescent Proteins from the Sea

The focus of this PhD project is to find a new fluorescent protein (FP) with spectral properties different from the ones already discovered, mainly in the red, far-red part of the spectrum. In this region, less light is scattered, absorbed and re-emitted by endogenous biomolecules, which makes it particularly interesting. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) being the first FP isolated in the hydrozoa Aequoria victoria, many other GFPs were isolated in this clade as well as in Anthozoa, Arthropoda and Cephalochordata. Also, new FPs have been characterized in Vertebrata, namely UnaG and Sandercyanin, with features completely different from GFPs; UnaG being a fatty-acid-binding protein and Sandercyanin a lipocalin. This work has been undertaken by several means; Long Term Ecological Research station (LTERMareChiara) sampling in the gulf of Naples by assessing the epifluorescent and spectral properties of zooplanktons and thanks to bioinformatics tools exploring TARA database. Many clades of zooplanktons have been examined throughout the PhD project with a focus on Annelid also with the sampling that was carried out on the seaside. The spectral properties of the zooplanktons were assessed scrupulously by confocal microscopy, as a test response to chlorophyll was able to rule out positive organisms and a test to UV excitation and visible light spectra allowed identifying species with red, far-red fluorescent emission patterns. The exploration of available transcriptomes, genomes and TARA eukaryotic database by blastp search has been performed using different classes of reference proteins UnaG, Sandercyanin and 14 GFPs from four different groups. No similarity from the protein alignments were found with UnaG and Sandercyanin whereas the alignments resulted in the findings of GFP chromophores in 25 hits sequences from which we produced a phylogenetic tree

Differences in Effects of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids on Five Generalist Insect Herbivore Species

The evolution of the diversity in plant secondary compounds is often thought to be driven by insect herbivores, although there is little empirical evidence for this assumption. To investigate whether generalist insect herbivores could play a role in the evolution of the diversity of related compounds, we examined if (1) related compounds differ in their effects on generalists, (2) there is a synergistic effect among compounds, and (3) effects of related compounds differed among insect species. The effects of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) were tested on five generalist insect herbivore species of several genera using artificial diets or neutral substrates to which PAs were added. We found evidence that structurally related PAs differed in their effects to the thrips Frankliniella occidentalis, the aphid Myzus persicae, and the locust Locusta migratoria. The individual PAs had no effect on Spodoptera exigua and Mamestra brassicae caterpillars. For S. exigua, we found indications for synergistic deterrent effects of PAs in PA mixtures. The relative effects of PAs differed between insect species. The PA senkirkine had the strongest effect on the thrips, but had no effect at all on the aphids. Our results show that generalist herbivores could potentially play a role in the evolution and maintenance of the diversity of PA

Herbivory and dominance shifts among exotic and congeneric native plant species during plant community establishment

Invasive exotic plant species often have fewer natural enemies and suffer less damage from herbivores in their new range than genetically or functionally related species that are native to that area. Although we might expect that having fewer enemies would promote the invasiveness of the introduced exotic plant species due to reduced enemy exposure, few studies have actually analyzed the ecological consequences of this situation in the field. Here, we examined how exposure to aboveground herbivores influences shifts in dominance among exotic and phylogenetically related native plant species in a riparian ecosystem during early establishment of invaded communities. We planted ten plant communities each consisting of three individuals of each of six exotic plant species as well as six phylogenetically related natives. Exotic plant species were selected based on a rapid recent increase in regional abundance, the presence of a congeneric native species, and their co-occurrence in the riparian ecosystem. All plant communities were covered by tents with insect mesh. Five tents were open on the leeward side to allow herbivory. The other five tents were completely closed in order to exclude insects and vertebrates. Herbivory reduced aboveground biomass by half and influenced which of the plant species dominated the establishing communities. Exposure to herbivory did not reduce the total biomass of natives more than that of exotics, so aboveground herbivory did not selectively enhance exotics during this early stage of plant community development. Effects of herbivores on plant biomass depended on plant species or genus but not on plant status (i.e., exotic vs native). Thus, aboveground herbivory did not promote the dominance of exotic plant species during early establishment of the phylogenetically balanced plant communities

Aspectos dicotômicos da educação musical brasileira e as perspectivas do ensino de música

Mesmo após a promulgação da Lei n.º 11.769/08, o emprego pedagógico da música como uma disciplina escolar com conhecimentos específicos da área ainda é pouco significativo e o seu ensino revela-se reduzido à condição de conteúdo de outras disciplinas. As indefinições, contradições e ambiguidades decorrentes refletem-se dicotomicamente nos processos de ensino-aprendizagem musical realizados nas escolas. O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre tais aspectos dicotômicos da educação musical e do ensino de música no Brasil, considerando fundamental que os educadores em geral discutam sobre o papel da música na escola e as contradições e ambiguidades provenientes das interpretações da música como conteúdo curricular e conteúdo disciplinar. Como resultado, considera-se fundamental uma mudança na visão normativa dos agentes políticos e pedagógicos e das respectivas instituições em relação ao papel da música na escola

Music Therapy For Patients Who Are Mechanically Ventilated: A Phenomenological Study

The purpose of this study was to describe how music therapists provide care for adult patients in the intensive care unit on mechanical ventilation. A short electronic survey was sent to board-certified music therapists to gather data on those working with patients on mechanical ventilation in adult medical settings. The researcher interviewed five music therapists who responded to the survey about their clinical work with patients on mechanical ventilation. Most results were consistent with existing literature: interviewees described types of patients supported, interventions and related goals, family support, challenges, interactions with staff, music selection, and seeking best practices. Interviewees also discussed contraindications of using patient-preferred music, which deviates from prior findings. Future research is warranted to examine the nuances of music therapy within the spectrum of life support. Additionally, exploring patient perspectives of music therapy during mechanical ventilation after extubation may provide insight into the styles of music best suited for patients on mechanical ventilation. Finally, as the presence of family members seems to have a significant impact on patients’ experience of mechanical ventilation, future research could investigate outcomes of incorporating families and caregivers into sessions