Juventudes rurais e educação na produção do conhecimento das pós-graduações das áreas de ciências humanas e sociais aplicadas do nordeste brasileiro

The article aims to discuss, under educational processes, the production of knowledge about rural youth, particularly in the years 2007 to 2016. These research cuts seek to situate the social process of a scientific course linked to the production of researchers of the programs of graduate studies in Northeast Brazil from the areas of applied human and social sciences, specifically the characteristics that make it possible to show the profile of the authors with the theme, as well as the strategies used theoretically and methodologically in the understanding of this social group in its link with education. In order to do so, the study sought to carry out a state - of - the - art study under the qualitative approach, with field - collection and questionnaire open instruments; and interpretation - the Bardin Content Analysis technique and the IRAMUREQ and EXCEL softwares. In the trajectory of the authors of theses and dissertations, they have been dedicated to work on research on the subject in a different way throughout their career, but little to teaching and extension activities. The themes of the studies reveal singularities, but also master lines that allow to situate theoretically-methodologically, which exceed the structural-functionalists currents, phenomenological and post-structuralist ones. Therefore, it was observed the authorial origin of the academic works, with discussions that have brought new paths for the production of the Graduate Programs, allowing to rethink the fields of knowledge of the Humanities and Applied Social Sciences areas.O artigo tem como objetivo discutir, sob os processos educacionais, as produções do conhecimento sobre as juventudes rurais, particularmente entre os anos de 2007 e 2016. Estes recortes de pesquisa procuram situar o processo social de um rumo científico ligado à produção de pesquisadores dos programas de pós-graduação do Nordeste do Brasil das áreas de ciências humanas e sociais aplicadas, especificamente, as características que possibilitam mostrar o perfil dos autores com a temática, bem como as estratégias utilizadas, teórico-metodologicamente, na compreensão desse grupo social, em seu vínculo com a educação. Para isso, buscou-se realizar um estudo do tipo Estado da Arte, sob a abordagem qualitativa, com instrumentos de coleta – diário de campo e questionário aberto; e de interpretação – a técnica da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin e os softwares IRAMUREQ e EXCEL. Na trajetória dos autores das teses e dissertações, eles têm se dedicado a trabalhar na pesquisa sobre o tema de forma diversa ao longo de sua carreira, mas pouco às atividades de ensino e extensão. As temáticas dos estudos revelam singularidades, mas também linhas mestras que possibilitam situar teórico-metodologicamente, desde correntes que ultrapassam às estrutural-funcionalistas, fenomenológicas e pós-estruturalistas. Portanto, observou-se a procedência autoral dos trabalhos acadêmicos, com discussões que têm trazido novos caminhos para a produção dos Programas de Pós-Graduação, possibilitando repensar os campos de conhecimentos das áreas de Ciências Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas

Geographic stomatitis : an enigmatic condition with multiple clinical presentations

Geographic stomatitis is an uncommon inflammatory condition of unknown etiology. It is characterized by reddish areas surrounded by white borders affecting any location in the oral cavity and presenting a migratory and cyclic pattern. The most common affected sites include buccal mucosa, labial mucosa and mucobuccal fold. Some patients can complain of pain or burning sensation. There are few reports in the literature about this entity and its relationship with other oral and cutaneous conditions such as fissured tongue, Reiter?s syndrome, atopy and psoriasis has been suggested but it is still controversial. In the present study we describe three cases of geographic stomatitis associated with fissured tongue. Lesions involved the buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, soft palate and mucobuccal fold and all cases were diagnosed based on their clinical features. All patients were oriented about the innocuous behavior of the condition and were advised to avoid exposure of the lesions to irritation factors. The three presented cases highlighted the importance of a detailed oral mucosal examination by clinicians and provided further information about the natural history and clinical presentation of geographic stomatitis

Effectiveness of the Brazilian Visceral Leishmaniasis Surveillance and Control Programme in reducing the prevalence and incidence of Leishmania infantum infection.

Background Control strategies adopted by the Brazilian Visceral Leishmaniasis Surveillance and Control Programme (VLSCP) include identifying and culling seropositive infected dogs, early diagnosis and treatment of human cases, chemical control of the vector and population awareness. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the VLSCP on the prevalence and incidence rates of Leishmania infantum in children residing in areas under different VLSCP intervention times. Methods A quasi-experimental epidemiological study with a panel (two cross-sectional) and a concurrent cohort was performed in three areas of Belo Horizonte, southeast Brazil. The first cross-sectional study (I) was carried out with 1875 children, 478 of which were enrolled in the cohort study. In the second cross-sectional study (II), 413 additional children were included, totalizing 891 children. Laboratory diagnosis was performed by ELISA-rK39. Analyses included multilevel logistic and Poisson regression models. Results The incidence rates of L. infantum infection were: 14.4% in the area where VLSCP intervention was initiated in 2006 (AI2006); 21.1% in the area where intervention was initiated in 2008 (AI2008); and 11.6% in the area where intervention was initiated in 2010 (AI2010 - control area). A follow-up period of 24 months showed that the persons-time incidence rates in AI2006, AI2008, and AI2010 were: 6.2/100, 10/100, and 5.6/100 persons/24 months, respectively. The final prevalence rates of infection (cross-sectional II - in 2012), compared to the initial rates (cross-sectional I - in 2010), increased 83.7% in AI2006, 74.1% in AI2008, and decreased 5% in AI2010. Analysis of the effectiveness revealed that children residing in AI2008 are more likely to be infected (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.06-3.23) and present a higher risk of infection (IRR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.05-2.95) compared to those in AI2010. No statistically significant differences were observed in asymptomatic infection (OR and IRR) in AI2006 compared to AI2010. Conclusions The VLSCP was not effective at controlling L. infantum infection in areas where interventions had respectively been carried out for six and four years. However, it is unclear what the consequences in terms of human infection and diseases would be in the absence of the VLSCP. Efforts to improve the effectiveness of control measures remain a necessary priority

Diretriz Brasileira sobre a Saúde Cardiovascular no Climatério e na Menopausa – 2024

Women, who represent approximately half of the global population according to estimates as of January 2024, may experience signs and symptoms of menopause for at least one-third of their lives, during which they have a higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The effects of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) on the progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events vary depending on the age at which MHT is initiated and the time since menopause until its initiation. Beneficial effects on CVD outcomes and all-cause mortality have been observed when MHT was initiated before the age of 60 or within 10 years after menopause. The decision regarding the initiation, dose, regimen, and duration of MHT should be made individually after discussing the benefits and risks with each patient. For primary prevention of postmenopausal chronic conditions, the combined use of estrogen and progestogen is not recommended in asymptomatic women, nor is the use of estrogen alone in hysterectomized women. Hormone-dependent neoplasms contraindicate MHT. For the treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause, vaginal estrogen therapy may be used in patients with known cardiovascular risk factors or established CVD. For women with contraindications to MHT or who refuse it, non-hormonal therapies with proven efficacy (antidepressants, gabapentin, and fezolinetant) may improve vasomotor symptoms. Compounded hormonal implants, or "bioidentical" and "compounded" hormones, and "hormone modulation" are not recommended due to lack of scientific evidence of their effectiveness and safety.Mujeres, que representan aproximadamente la mitad de la población mundial según estimaciones de enero de 2024, pueden experimentar signos y síntomas de la menopausia durante al menos un tercio de sus vidas, durante los cuales tienen un mayor riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad cardiovascular. Los efectos de la terapia hormonal de la menopausia (THM) en la progresión de la aterosclerosis y los eventos de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) varían según la edad en que se inicia la THM y el tiempo transcurrido desde la menopausia hasta su inicio. Se han observado efectos beneficiosos en los resultados de ECV y la mortalidad por todas las causas cuando la THM se inició antes de los 60 años o dentro de los 10 años posteriores a la menopausia. La decisión sobre la iniciación, dosis, régimen y duración de la THM debe tomarse individualmente después de discutir los beneficios y riesgos con cada paciente. Para la prevención primaria de condiciones crónicas en la posmenopausia, no se recomienda el uso combinado de estrógeno y progestágeno en mujeres asintomáticas, ni el uso de estrógeno solo en mujeres histerectomizadas. Las neoplasias dependientes de hormonas contraindican la THM. Para el tratamiento del síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia, se puede usar terapia estrogénica vaginal en pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular conocidos o ECV establecida. Para mujeres con contraindicaciones a la THM o que la rechazan, las terapias no hormonales con eficacia demostrada (antidepresivos, gabapentina y fezolinetant) pueden mejorar los síntomas vasomotores. Los implantes hormonales compuestos, o hormonas "bioidénticas" y "compuestas", y la "modulación hormonal" no se recomiendan debido a la falta de evidencia científica sobre su efectividad y seguridad.As mulheres, que representam cerca de metade da população mundial segundo estimativas de janeiro de 2024, podem sofrer com sinais e sintomas da menopausa durante pelo menos um terço de suas vidas, quando apresentam maiores risco e morbimortalidade cardiovasculares. Os efeitos da terapia hormonal da menopausa (THM) na progressão de eventos de aterosclerose e doença cardiovascular (DCV) variam de acordo com a idade em que a THM é iniciada e o tempo desde a menopausa até esse início. Efeitos benéficos nos resultados de DCV e na mortalidade por todas as causas ocorreram quando a THM foi iniciada antes dos 60 anos de idade ou nos 10 anos que se seguiram à menopausa. A decisão sobre o início, a dose, o regime e a duração da THM deve ser tomada individualmente após discussão sobre benefícios e riscos com cada paciente. Para a prevenção primária de condições crônicas na pós-menopausa, não se recomendam o uso combinado de estrogênio e progestagênio em mulheres assintomáticas nem o uso de estrogênio sozinho em mulheres histerectomizadas. Neoplasias hormônio-dependentes contraindicam a THM. Para tratamento da síndrome geniturinária da menopausa, pode-se utilizar terapia estrogênica por via vaginal em pacientes com fatores de risco cardiovascular conhecidos ou DCV estabelecida. Para mulheres com contraindicação à THM ou que a recusam, terapias não hormonais com eficácia comprovada (antidepressivos, gabapentina e fezolinetante) podem melhorar os sintomas vasomotores. Os implantes hormonais manipulados, ou hormônios “bioidênticos” “manipulados”, e a ‘modulação hormonal’ não são recomendados pela falta de evidência científica de sua eficácia e segurança

Avaliação do conhecimento e intervenção educativa com agentes comunitários de saúde sobre antropometria / Evaluation of knowledge and educational intervention with community health agents on anthropometry

Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento dos ACS acerca da antropometria em crianças menores de 2 anos e logo em seguida, realizar uma intervenção educativa. Método: estudo quantitativo, descritivo, exploratório com 136 profissionais. Os dados foram coletados no município de Vitória de Santo Antão-PE e analisados através do SPSS versão 22. Resultados: a maioria da população deste estudo é composta por mulheres (87,5%), média de idade de 44,5 anos, 60,3% se autodeclararam como pardos, 62,5% eram casados e 45,6% com ensino superior completo. Quanto ao tempo de trabalho, 97,1% afirmaram ter mais de 5 anos exercendo a função. Com relação a antropometria, 81,6% dos profissionais afirmam ter participado de capacitação em tal área, 49,3% declaram ter dúvidas relacionadas a tal procedimento e 58,8%, tiveram seu conhecimento classificado como bom. Conclusão: os ACS possuem bom conhecimento relacionado a antropometria, mesmo relatando dúvidas. A avaliação do conhecimento reflete a realidade da assistência fornecida pelos profissionais e estratégias de educação permanente permitem aprimorar e atualizar seus conhecimentos acerca da temática envolvida. 

The Presence and Extension of Myocardial Fibrosis in the Undetermined Form of Chagas' Disease: A Study Using Magnetic Resonance

Soares, Milena Botelho Pereira; Souza, Bruno Solano de Freitas. "Documento produzido em parceria ou por autor vinculado à Fiocruz, mas não consta à informação no documento”.Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2018-04-20T13:56:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rabelo M MN The Presence and Extension of Myocardial....pdf: 310157 bytes, checksum: 86221f48269777cd2e4a5626ff016b0b (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2018-04-20T14:18:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Rabelo M MN The Presence and Extension of Myocardial....pdf: 310157 bytes, checksum: 86221f48269777cd2e4a5626ff016b0b (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-20T14:18:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rabelo M MN The Presence and Extension of Myocardial....pdf: 310157 bytes, checksum: 86221f48269777cd2e4a5626ff016b0b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018Hospital São Rafael. Fundação Monte Tabor. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilHospital São Rafael. Fundação Monte Tabor. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Hospital São Rafael. Fundação Monte Tabor. Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular. Salvador, BA, BrasilHospital São Rafael. Fundação Monte Tabor. Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilHospital São Rafael. Fundação Monte Tabor. Salvador, BA, BrasilHospital São Rafael. Fundação Monte Tabor. Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular. Salvador, BA, BrasilHospital São Rafael. Fundação Monte Tabor. Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular. Salvador, BA, BrasilHospital São Rafael. Fundação Monte Tabor. Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular. Salvador, BA, BrasilHospital São Rafael. Fundação Monte Tabor. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilPrevious data has shown that patients in the indeterminate form of Chagas disease may present myocardial fibrosis as shown on through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, there is little information available regarding the degree of severity of myocardial fibrosis in these individuals. This variable has the potential to predict the evolution of Chagas' disease into its cardiac form

Effectiveness of the Brazilian Visceral Leishmaniasis Surveillance and Control Programme in reducing the prevalence and incidence of Leishmania infantum infection

Abstract Background Control strategies adopted by the Brazilian Visceral Leishmaniasis Surveillance and Control Programme (VLSCP) include identifying and culling seropositive infected dogs, early diagnosis and treatment of human cases, chemical control of the vector and population awareness. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the VLSCP on the prevalence and incidence rates of Leishmania infantum in children residing in areas under different VLSCP intervention times. Methods A quasi-experimental epidemiological study with a panel (two cross-sectional) and a concurrent cohort was performed in three areas of Belo Horizonte, southeast Brazil. The first cross-sectional study (I) was carried out with 1875 children, 478 of which were enrolled in the cohort study. In the second cross-sectional study (II), 413 additional children were included, totalizing 891 children. Laboratory diagnosis was performed by ELISA-rK39. Analyses included multilevel logistic and Poisson regression models. Results The incidence rates of L. infantum infection were: 14.4% in the area where VLSCP intervention was initiated in 2006 (AI2006); 21.1% in the area where intervention was initiated in 2008 (AI2008); and 11.6% in the area where intervention was initiated in 2010 (AI2010 - control area). A follow-up period of 24 months showed that the persons-time incidence rates in AI2006, AI2008, and AI2010 were: 6.2/100, 10/100, and 5.6/100 persons/24 months, respectively. The final prevalence rates of infection (cross-sectional II - in 2012), compared to the initial rates (cross-sectional I - in 2010), increased 83.7% in AI2006, 74.1% in AI2008, and decreased 5% in AI2010. Analysis of the effectiveness revealed that children residing in AI2008 are more likely to be infected (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.06-3.23) and present a higher risk of infection (IRR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.05-2.95) compared to those in AI2010. No statistically significant differences were observed in asymptomatic infection (OR and IRR) in AI2006 compared to AI2010. Conclusions The VLSCP was not effective at controlling L. infantum infection in areas where interventions had respectively been carried out for six and four years. However, it is unclear what the consequences in terms of human infection and diseases would be in the absence of the VLSCP. Efforts to improve the effectiveness of control measures remain a necessary priority

Mitochondrial cardioencephalomyopathy due to a novel SCO2 mutation in a Brazilian patient: case report and literature review

O artigo encontra-se disponível em acesso aberto no site do Editor.Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2019-07-03T18:12:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mitochondrial Cardioencephalomyopathy.pdf: 479414 bytes, checksum: 597b5f7fb79cf70e2eec80ce570bde7a (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2019-07-03T18:19:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Mitochondrial Cardioencephalomyopathy.pdf: 479414 bytes, checksum: 597b5f7fb79cf70e2eec80ce570bde7a (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-07-03T18:19:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mitochondrial Cardioencephalomyopathy.pdf: 479414 bytes, checksum: 597b5f7fb79cf70e2eec80ce570bde7a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Epidemiologia das Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Prefeitura de Belo Horizonte. Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Epidemiologia das Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. Escola de Farmácia. Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Departamento de Análises Clínicas. Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas. Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas. Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Epidemiologia das Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Epidemiologia das Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Epidemiologia das Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte. Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Prefeitura de Belo Horizonte. Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto René Rachou. Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Exatas. Departamento de Estatística. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Epidemiologia das Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.BACKGROUND: Control strategies adopted by the Brazilian Visceral Leishmaniasis Surveillance and Control Programme (VLSCP) include identifying and culling seropositive infected dogs, early diagnosis and treatment of human cases, chemical control of the vector and population awareness. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the VLSCP on the prevalence and incidence rates of Leishmania infantum in children residing in areas under different VLSCP intervention times. METHODS: A quasi-experimental epidemiological study with a panel (two cross-sectional) and a concurrent cohort was performed in three areas of Belo Horizonte, southeast Brazil. The first cross-sectional study (I) was carried out with 1875 children, 478 of which were enrolled in the cohort study. In the second cross-sectional study (II), 413 additional children were included, totalizing 891 children. Laboratory diagnosis was performed by ELISA-rK39. Analyses included multilevel logistic and Poisson regression models. RESULTS: The incidence rates of L. infantum infection were: 14.4% in the area where VLSCP intervention was initiated in 2006 (AI2006); 21.1% in the area where intervention was initiated in 2008 (AI2008); and 11.6% in the area where intervention was initiated in 2010 (AI2010 - control area). A follow-up period of 24 months showed that the persons-time incidence rates in AI2006, AI2008, and AI2010 were: 6.2/100, 10/100, and 5.6/100 persons/24 months, respectively. The final prevalence rates of infection (cross-sectional II - in 2012), compared to the initial rates (cross-sectional I - in 2010), increased 83.7% in AI2006, 74.1% in AI2008, and decreased 5% in AI2010. Analysis of the effectiveness revealed that children residing in AI2008 are more likely to be infected (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.06-3.23) and present a higher risk of infection (IRR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.05-2.95) compared to those in AI2010. No statistically significant differences were observed in asymptomatic infection (OR and IRR) in AI2006 compared to AI2010. CONCLUSIONS: The VLSCP was not effective at controlling L. infantum infection in areas where interventions had respectively been carried out for six and four years. However, it is unclear what the consequences in terms of human infection and diseases would be in the absence of the VLSCP. Efforts to improve the effectiveness of control measures remain a necessary priority

The Presence and Extension of Myocardial Fibrosis in the Undetermined Form of Chagas’ Disease: A Study Using Magnetic Resonance

<div><p>Abstract Background: Previous data has shown that patients in the indeterminate form of Chagas disease may present myocardial fibrosis as shown on through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, there is little information available regarding the degree of severity of myocardial fibrosis in these individuals. This variable has the potential to predict the evolution of Chagas’ disease into its cardiac form. Objectives: To describe the frequency and extent of myocardial fibrosis evaluated using an MRI in patients in the indeterminate form, and to compare it with other forms of the disease. Methods: Patients were admitted one after another. Their clinical history was collected and they were submitted to laboratory exams and an MRI. Results: Sixty-one patients with Chagas’ disease, with an average age of 58 ± 9 years old, 17 patients in the indeterminate form, 16 in the cardiac form without left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and 28 in the cardiac form with LV dysfunction were studied. P <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Late enhancement was detected in 37 patients (64%). Myocardial fibrosis was identified in 6 individuals in indeterminate form (41%; 95% CI 23-66) in a proportion similar to that observed in cardiac form without LV dysfunction (44%); p = 1.0. Among the individuals with fibrosis, the total area of the affected myocardium was 4.1% (IIQ: 2.1 - 10.7) in the indeterminate form versus 2.3% (IIQ: 1-5) in the cardiac form without LV (p = 0.18). The left ventricular fraction ejection in subjects in the indeterminate form was similar to that of the individuals in the cardiac form without ventricular dysfunction (p = 0.09). Conclusion: The presence of fibrosis in the indeterminate form of Chagas’ disease has a frequency and extension similar to that of in the cardiac form without dysfunction, suggesting that the former is part of a subclinical disease spectrum, rather than lacking cardiac involvement.</p></div