A Novel Clustering Tree-based Video lookup Strategy for Supporting VCR-like Operations in MANETs

Mobile Peer-to-Peer (MP2P) network is a promising avenue for large-scale deployment of Video-on-Demand (VoD) applications over mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). In P2P VoD systems, fast search for resources is key determinants for improving the Quality of Service (QoS) due to the low delay of seeking resources caused by streaming interactivity. In this paper, we propose a novel Clustering Tree-based Video Lookup strategy for supporting VCR-like operations in MANETs (CTVL) CTVL selects the chunks with the high popularity as "overlay router" chunks to build the "virtual connection" with other chunks in terms of the popularities and external connection of video chunks. CTVL designs a new clustering strategy to group nodes in P2P networks and a maintenance mechanism of cluster structure, which achieves the high system scalability and fast resource search performance. Thorough simulation results also show how CTVL achieves higher average lookup success rate, lower maintenance cost, lower average end-to-end delay and lower packet loss ratio (PLR) in comparison with other state of the art solutions

Knowledge and attitudes of healthcare workers in Chinese intensive care units regarding 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To describe the knowledge and attitudes of critical care clinicians during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A survey conducted in 21 intensive care units in 17 provinces in China.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Out of 733 questionnaires distributed, 695 were completed. Three hundred and fifty-six respondents (51.2%) reported their experience of caring for H1N1 patients. Despite the fact that 88.5% of all respondents ultimately finished an H1N1 training program, only 41.9% admitted that they had the knowledge of 2009 H1N1 influenza. A total of 572 respondents (82.3%) expressed willingness to care for H1N1 patients. Independent variables associated with increasing likelihood to care for patients in the logistic regression analysis were physicians or nurses rather than other professionals (odds ratio 4.056 and 3.235, p = 0.002 and 0.007, respectively), knowledge training prior to patient care (odds ratio 1.531, p = 0.044), and the confidence to know how to protect themselves and their patients (odds ratio 2.109, p = 0.001).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Critical care clinicians reported poor knowledge of H1N1 influenza, even though most finished a relevant knowledge training program. Implementation of appropriate education program might improve compliance to infection control measures, and willingness to work in a pandemic.</p

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

A Novel Energy-Efficiency Social-Inspired Video Sharing Solution in Wireless Networks

Mobile multimedia streaming services provide rich-content visual resources for the mobile users via ubiquitous access to Internet. The video resource sharing focuses on the matching of appropriate resource supplier for the resource requesters and is a key issue for P2P-based video system scalability and user quality of experience. In this context, leveraging social-driven interaction between mobile users enables the discovery of common interests to improve video content sharing efficiency. In this paper, we propose a novel energy-efficiency social-inspired video sharing solution in wireless networks (ESVS). By the analysis of historical request behaviors of users, ESVS designs an estimation method of relationship between videos and groups the videos into a chain-based tree structure. Based on the constructed video tree, ESVS designs a hybrid resource lookup algorithm including push and pull and a communication quality-aware selection strategy of video suppliers, which improves the communication capacities between requesters and suppliers and reduces the network bandwidth consumption. Simulation results also show how ESVS achieves higher resource lookup success rate, lower startup delay, less packet loss rate, and lower maintenance cost than another state-of-the-art solution

Modelling of P2P-Based Video Sharing Performance for Content-Oriented Community-Based VoD Systems in Wireless Mobile Networks

The video sharing performance is a key factor for scalability and quality of service of P2P VoD systems in wireless mobile networks. There are some impact factors for the video sharing performance, such as available upload bandwidth, resource distribution in overlay networks, and mobility of mobile nodes. In this paper, we firstly model user behaviors: joining, playback, and departure for the content-oriented community-based VoD systems in wireless mobile networks and construct a resource assignment model by the analysis of transition of node state: suspend, wait, and playback. We analyze the influence of the above three factors: upload bandwidth, startup delay, and resource distribution for the sharing performance and QoS of systems. We further propose the improved resource sharing strategies from the perspectives of community architecture, resource distribution, and data transmission for the systems. Extensive tests show how the improved strategies achieve much better performance results in comparison with original strategies

Social-Aware Edge Caching Strategy of Video Resources in 5G Ultra-Dense Network

The video traffic offloading in edge networks is an effective method for remission of congestion of backward paths in 5G networks by continual optimization of video distribution to promote scale and efficiency of video delivery in edge networks (e.g., D2D-based near-end sharing). Because the video resources are dispersedly cached in local buffer of mobile devices of video users, the management of local video resources of video users in edge networks (e.g., caching and removing of local videos) causes dynamic variation of video distribution in networks. The real-time adjustment of local resources of users in terms of the influence levels (e.g., promotion and recession) of video sharing performance is significant for the continual distribution optimization. In this paper, we propose a novel Social-aware Edge Caching Strategy of Video Resources in 5G Ultra-Dense Network (SECS). SECS designs an estimation method of interest domain of users, which employs the Spectral Clustering to generate initial video clusters and makes use of the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) to refine the initial video clusters. A user clustering method is proposed, which enables the users with common and similar interests to be clustered into the same groups by estimating similarity levels of interest domain between users. SECS designs a performance-aware video caching strategy, which enables the users intelligently implement management (caching and removing) of local video resources in terms of influence for the intragroup sharing performance. Extensive tests show how SECS achieves much better performance results in comparison with the state-of-the-art solutions

A novel predictor for the use of concurrent chemotherapy in early-stage cervical cancer with intermediate-risk factors

Objective: For early-stage cervical cancer patients experiencing radical surgery, postoperative radiotherapy was recommended for patients with a combination of intermediate-risk factors. However, there was no consensus on whether to administer concurrent chemotherapy. The aim of the study was to confirm the clinical value of the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score in guiding the use of concurrent chemotherapy during postoperative radiotherapy. Methods: A total of 969 patients with FIGO stage IB-IIA cervical cancer were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to compare disease-free survival (DFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates between different group. A Cox proportional hazards regression test was used to conduct multivariate analyses. Results: For the patients in the high CONUT group (≥3), the addition of concurrent chemotherapy had better 5-year DFS (91.2 % vs. 72.8 %, P = 0.005) and CSS (93.8 % vs. 77.4 %, P = 0.013) than those without it. Meanwhile, the patients with concurrent chemotherapy had less rate of locoregional recurrence (8.5 % vs 16.7 %, P = 0.034) and distant metastases (11.7 % vs 30.4 %, P = 0.015). The multivariate analysis showed that concurrent chemotherapy was detected to be a factor significantly associated with DFS (P = 0.011), local control (P = 0.041), distant metastasis (P = 0.005) and CSS (P = 0.023). For the patients in low CONUT group (<3), there was no difference in prognosis between patients. Conclusion: Pretreatment CONUT score may be a predictive factor for the use of concurrent chemotherapy in early-stage cervical cancer with intermediate-risk factors during postoperative radiotherapy, and it can be helpful to determine the adjuvant treatment scheme

A Hybrid Model Based on Deep Convolutional Network for Medical Named Entity Recognition

The typical pretrained model’s feature extraction capabilities are insufficient for medical named entity identification, and it is challenging to express word polysemy, resulting in a low recognition accuracy for electronic medical records. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a new model that combines the BERT pretraining model and the BilSTM-CRF model. First, word embedding with semantic information is obtained by pretraining the corpus input to the BERT model. Then, the BiLSTM module is utilized to extract further features from the encoded outputs of BERT in order to account for context information and improve the accuracy of semantic coding. Then, CRF is used to modify the results of BiLSTM to screen out the annotation sequence with the largest score. Finally, extensive experimental results show that the performance of the proposed model is effectively improved compared with other models