Federation of Open Source Initiatives in Promoting and Sustaining E-Learning in Rural Areas

with an aim to bring a positive shift from being known as developing country to developed country, the concept of E-learning got its recognition in India as one of the technological invention. In todays� time, learning is no longer limited to classrooms with conventional method of knowledge parsing. E-learning is one of the skillful schemes to impart education with a strong sense of self-motivation, communication and technology in an effective manner. The usage of technology allows the utilization of E-resources in E-world comprising new innovations and conventions of Open Source standards. Various open source e-learning platforms have been developed ensuring successful contribution of the programmers to the development of a software package, with an aim to integrate technology seamlessly into the curriculum. The content obtained from the open source tools is one of the promising concepts for E-learning and Knowledge Management. The promotion of learning seems to be hazardous in rural communities and areas due to low horizon mindset of students and teaming negligence of teachers towards Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and new open source learning paradigms

Comparative Analysis of MANET Routing Protocol by Varying Number of Groups in Group Mobility Model

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a network consisting of wireless mobile nodes that are self configuring and communicate with each other any centralized infrastructure. Each device in a MANET can move freely and independently in any direction and will therefore change its links to other devices frequently. In order to facilitate the communication within a network, a routing protocol is used to discover the routes between nodes. The preeminent goal of such an ad-hoc network routing protocol is to establish correct and efficient routes between a pair of nodes so that messages are delivered in a timely manner. In this paper, we have compared the performance of MANET routing protocol AODV in Group Mobility Model. We have analyzed the performance of protocol by varying the number of groups in a Group Mobility Model. The simulation has been carried out in Qualnet 6.1. The metrics used for performance are Average Jitter, Throughput, End-End delay and Data Received. It has been observed that AODV gives better result when there are maximum numbers of groups in Group Mobility Model

A Technical Review on Energy Efficient Protocol based on PEGASIS and LEACH

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new developing technology that enables users to interconnect without any physical arrangement of their geographical location so that sometimes referred to as an arrangement of fewer networks. An ad-hoc network is an adaptive, self-organizing device in mobile, should be able to detect the presence of any other devices that perform necessary set up to facilitate communication, sharing of data and service. The Clustering is used for the network lifetime and it is very important method in Mobile AD Hoc Networks. The scheme is used by the cluster head node which plays a very important role inside the transmitting packet process from one cluster to the other or nearest node. The power resource of each sensor node is limited in the cluster. Minimizing energy dissipation and maximizing network lifetime are important issue in the design of routing protocols for sensor networks. This paper proposes a comparison of LEACH and PEGASIS protocol which is intended to balance the energy consumption of the entire network and extend the lifetime of the network

Watermarking Algorithm for Encrypting Fingerprint Image -A MatLab Implementation

In today’s world of electronic communication we use to send and receive data through internet. Apart from sending data to the correct recipient, the aspect of secure transmission also comes to picture i.e. data should remain unhampered. There are many techniques and algorithm coming in existence to provide secure transmission of data. Biometrics being one of the fast growing industries for identifying a person also needs to be secure. In this paper we are suggesting an algorithm to encrypt a fingerprint sample so that it can securely be transmitted over internet. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15033

“A study to assess the knowledge of primary school teachers regarding selected behavioural problems among children in selected schools in Nadiad city with a view to develop an information booklet.”

In population Study, we can follow the occurrence of initial symptoms of selected behavioral problems which may such as ADHD, conduct disorder (Juvenile Delinquency, Aggression), Temper tantrum, which alters the mood and cause problems and interfere with academic performance of primary school children. A teacher plays most important role in early diagnosis of mental health problems. The school children spend most of the time with teachers in school, so teacher can detect metal disorder and provide direct class room teaching or class room setting or educational services to child. Teachers play influencing roll in the development of personality, listening to a child’s problem is an important skill of teacher

Pyrosequencing the transcriptome of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum reveals multiple transcripts encoding insecticide targets and detoxifying enzymes.

Published onlineJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tBACKGROUND: The whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum is an economically important crop pest in temperate regions that has developed resistance to most classes of insecticides. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance have not been characterised and, to date, progress has been hampered by a lack of nucleotide sequence data for this species. Here, we use pyrosequencing on the Roche 454-FLX platform to produce a substantial and annotated EST dataset. This 'unigene set' will form a critical reference point for quantitation of over-expressed messages via digital transcriptomics. RESULTS: Pyrosequencing produced around a million sequencing reads that assembled into 54,748 contigs, with an average length of 965 bp, representing a dramatic expansion of existing cDNA sequences available for T. vaporariorum (only 43 entries in GenBank at the time of this publication). BLAST searching of non-redundant databases returned 20,333 significant matches and those gene families potentially encoding gene products involved in insecticide resistance were manually curated and annotated. These include, enzymes potentially involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and those encoding the targets of the major chemical classes of insecticides. A total of 57 P450s, 17 GSTs and 27 CCEs were identified along with 30 contigs encoding the target proteins of six different insecticide classes. CONCLUSION: Here, we have developed new transcriptomic resources for T. vaporariorum. These include a substantial and annotated EST dataset that will serve the community studying this important crop pest and will elucidate further the molecular mechanisms underlying insecticide resistance.CASE PhD studentship BBSRCBayer CropScienceRothamsted Researc

Determining the effectiveness of fibrin sealants in reducing complications in patients undergoing lateral neck dissection (DEFeND): Study protocol for a randomised external pilot trial

© 2020 The Author(s). Background: Complications after major surgery are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Neck dissection is one of the most commonly performed major operations in Head and Neck Surgical Oncology. Significant surgical complications occur in approximately 10-20% of all patients, increasing to 40% in patients who have had previous treatment to the area or have multiple co-morbidities and/or polypharmacy. Current evidence suggests that fibrin sealants (FS) may have potential clinical advantages in Head and Neck Surgery through the reduction of complications, volume of wound drainage and retention time of the drains. However, a paucity of high-quality trial-based evidence means that a surgical trial to determine the effectiveness of FS in reducing the rate and severity of complications in patients undergoing lateral neck dissection is warranted. The DEFeND randomised external pilot trial will address critical questions on how well key components of the proposed study design work together as well as the feasibility of a future phase III trial. Methods: The study design that is being piloted is that of a two-arm, parallel group, superiority trial with block randomisation in a 1:1 allocation ratio. The interventional arm will constitute the application of FS (Artiss, Baxter Healthcare Ltd.) to the surgical wound following completion of a neck dissection procedure, in addition to standard of care (SOC). The control arm will constitute SOC alone. Eligible patients will include patients who require a lateral neck dissection with a minimum of three cervical nodal levels. Patients who require bilateral neck procedures or undergoing immediate reconstruction with free or regional flaps will be excluded. The outcomes being assessed will be recruitment rate, screened to randomisation rate, fidelity of blinding process using blinding indices, number of missing or incomplete data entries, number of protocol deviations and number of losses to follow-up. Suitability of the outcome measures proposed for the future phase III trial will also be assessed. Discussion: The anticipated challenges for this study will be recruitment, complexity of the intervention and adherence to the protocol. The outcomes will inform the design, feasibility and conduct of a future phase III surgical trial. Trial registration: First participant randomised: November 06, 2018; UKCRN Portfolio ID: 37896; ISRCTN99181100

PRACTICING HEALTH PROMOTION IN PRIMARY CARE – A REFLECTIVE ENQUIRY

IntroductionHealth promotion is an integral part of routine clinical practice. The physicians’ role in improving the health status of the general population, through effective understanding and delivery of health promotion practice, is evident throughout the international literature. Data from India suggest that physicians have limited skills in delivering specific health promotion services. However, the data available on this is scarce. This study was planned to document the current health promotion knowledge, perception and practices of local primary care physicians in Odisha. MethodsAn exploratory study was planned between the months of January – February 2013 in Odisha among primary care physicians working in government set up. This exploratory study was conducted, using a two-step self-administered questionnaire, thirty physicians practicing under government health system were asked to map their ideal and current health promotion practice, and potential health promotion elements to be worked upon to enhance the practice. ResultsThe study recorded a significant difference between the mean of current and ideal health promotion practices. The study reported that physicians want to increase their practice on health education. ConclusionWe concluded that inclusion of health promotion practices in routine care is imperative for a strong healthcare system. It should be incorporated as a structured health promotion module in medical curriculum as well

Allergic Rhinitis and its Associated Co-Morbidities at Bugando Medical Centre in Northwestern Tanzania; A Prospective Review of 190 Cases.

Allergic rhinitis is one of the commonest atopic diseases which contribute to significant morbidity world wide while its epidemiology in Tanzania remains sparse. There was paucity of information regarding allergic rhinitis in our setting; therefore it was important to conduct this study to describe our experience on allergic rhinitis, associated co-morbidities and treatment outcome in patients attending Bugando Medical Centre. This was descriptive cross-sectional study involving all patients with a clinical diagnosis of allergic rhinitis at Bugando Medical Centre over a three-month period between June 2011 and August 2011. Data was collected using a pre-tested coded questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS statistical computer software version 17.0. A total of 190 patients were studied giving the prevalence of allergic rhinitis 14.7%. The median age of the patients was 8.5 years. The male to female ratio was 1:1. Adenoid hypertrophy, tonsillitis, hypertrophy of inferior turbinate, nasal polyps, otitis media and sinusitis were the most common co-morbidities affecting 92.6% of cases and were the major reason for attending hospital services. Sleep disturbance was common in children with adenoids hypertrophy (χ2 = 28.691, P = 0.000). Allergic conjunctivitis was found in 51.9%. The most common identified triggers were dust, strong perfume odors and cold weather (P < 0.05). Strong perfume odors affect female than males (χ2 = 4.583, P = 0.032). In this study family history of allergic rhinitis was not a significant risk factor (P =0.423). The majority of patients (68.8%) were treated surgically for allergic rhinitis co morbidities. Post operative complication and mortality rates were 2.9% and 1.6% respectively. The overall median duration of hospital stay of in-patients was 3 days (2 - 28 days). Most patients (98.4%) had satisfactory results at discharge. The study shows that allergic rhinitis is common in our settings representing 14.7% of all otorhinolaryngology and commonly affecting children and adolescent. Sufferers seek medical services due to co-morbidities of which combination of surgical and medical treatment was needed. High index of suspicions in diagnosing allergic rhinitis and early treatment is recommended