The Values of Pancasila in Business Activities in Indonesia (Case Studies of Limited Liability Company and Cooperation)

This research was conducted to identify the values of Pancasila in business activities with case studies of cooperation and limited liability company in Indonesia. This research is a socio-legal studies that discuss the relationship values of Pancasila as the nation's philosophy of life and economic law as the legal basis for the development of business activities in Indonesia. The results showed values of Pancasila very relevant to be applied in business activities, most of which have been accommodated in the laws and regulations governing business activities in Indonesia, but there are also some content of value that has not been accommodated. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi tata nilai Pancasila dalam kegiatan USAha dengan studi kasus koperasi & perseroan terbatas di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian sosio-legal yang membahas keterkaitan nilai-nilai Pancasila sebagai falsafah hidup bangsa dan hukum ekonomi sebagai landasan bagi pembangunan hukum kegiatan USAha di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai-nilai Pancasila sangat relevan untuk diterapkan dalam kegiatan USAha, yang sebagian besarnya telah diakomodir dalam peraturan Perundang-undangan yang mengatur kegiatan USAha di Indonesia, namun terdapat pula beberapa kandungan nilai yang belum terakomodir

LIS Education in the GCC Region: A Case Study for UAE Emiratization.

Taking a cursory look at the trends of LIS education among the six GCC countries, certain patterns in the practice of LIS profession in the States with two or more library schools were identified. In spite of the low representation of the LIS education in the region, the influx of expatriates to the region has closed the gap that lack of library and information professionals would have created. However, the increasing youth unemployment rate of the nationals of the Gulf States have prompted their governments into actions. The United Arab Emirates in particular, through the employment policy initiative for its citizens has mandated private companies with at least 50 skilled workers in the country to ensure its citizens constitute 2% of every 50 skilled workers in the company. Given that there is only one library school (private) in the country, this paper x-rays the potential employment opportunities that LIS education could create for the unemployed citizens of the UAE (otherwise known as Emiratis). This is based on the premise that education sector is arguably the largest employer of skilled labour that the country seek for its citizens. Data of private schools across the country were sourced from education authorities in the seven Emirates that make up the country and categorized by grades. The recommended number of librarians required for each grade category by stakeholders in the field was determined. The finding corroborating Boumarafi, (2008) shows that on a short term of 5-year period, LIS education targeting private schools only could create 1330 skilled jobs for Emiratis. This is beside hundreds of other job opportunities in about 100 higher institutions of learning in the country which are not factored in this paper. The identified patterns which could pose challenges to LIS education from achieving its mandate are highlighted and recommendations are made on how to overcome them

An Empirical Study on the Traits of Information Literacy Level among Senior Secondary Students in Ilorin, Nigeria.

Abstract This study examined the information literacy level among secondary school students in Ilorin. This study adopted the disproportionate stratified random sampling techniques. The total population for this study 1958 students. The data for the study was collected through structured questionnaires which were distributed randomly to 210 students. However, only 192 copies of the questionnaire were properly filled and returned for analysis and thus form the basis as sample for this study (N=192). The findings of the study revealed that more than half of the respondents can identify lack of knowledge in a subject area. The study also revealed that majority of the respondents can articulate current knowledge on a topic. Furthermore, it also revealed that a large number of the respondents cannot identify specialist search tools. Also, from the study, it was revealed that noteworthy numbers of the respondents do not use Boolean operators in their search for information. Conclusively, the study shows that information literacy skills are essential for every human being because information is vital to everyone and every walk of life. It was recommended that policy makers in education sector should try and introduce information literacy skills as a subject in the secondary school curriculum so as to ensure that the students have the necessary information literacy skills rather than developing these skills through self-education. It was also recommended that teachers that have skills in information literacy skills should be employed as the facilitators in this subject

Hypoxia in atherogenesis

The anoxemia theory proposes that an imbalance between the demand for and supply of oxygen in the arterial wall is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis. There is now substantial evidence that there are regions within the atherosclerotic plaque in which profound hypoxia exists; this may fundamentally change the function, metabolism, and responses of many of the cell types found within the developing plaque and whether the plaque will evolve into a stable or unstable phenotype. Hypoxia is characterized in molecular terms by the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1a, a subunit of the heterodimeric nuclear transcriptional factor HIF-1 and a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis. The expression of HIF-1 is localized to perivascular tissues, inflammatory macrophages, and smooth muscle cells adjacent to the necrotic core of atherosclerotic lesions and regulates several genes that are important to vascular function including vascular endothelial growth factor, nitric oxide synthase, endothelin-1, and erythropoietin. This review summarizes the effects of hypoxia on the functions of cells involved in atherogenesis and the evidence for its potential importance from experimental models and clinical studies

Social disorganization and history of child sexual abuse against girls in sub-Saharan Africa : a multilevel analysis

Background: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a considerable public health problem. Less focus has been paid to the role of community level factors associated with CSA. The aim of this study was to examine the association between neighbourhood-level measures of social disorganization and CSA. Methods: We applied multiple multilevel logistic regression analysis on Demographic and Health Survey data for 6,351 adolescents from six countries in sub-Saharan Africa between 2006 and 2008. Results: The percentage of adolescents that had experienced CSA ranged from 1.04% to 5.84%. There was a significant variation in the odds of reporting CSA across the communities, suggesting 18% of the variation in CSA could be attributed to community level factors. Respondents currently employed were more likely to have reported CSA than those who were unemployed (odds ratio [OR] = 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48 to 2.83). Respondents from communities with a high family disruption rate were 57% more likely to have reported CSA (OR=1.57, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.16). Conclusion: We found that exposure to CSA was associated with high community level of family disruption, thus suggesting that neighbourhoods may indeed have significant important effects on exposure to CSA. Further studies are needed to explore pathways that connect the individual and neighbourhood levels, that is, means through which deleterious neighbourhood effects are transmitted to individuals

Neurosurgical infections

The central nervous system is a very delicate and vulnerable organ which enjoys protection by layers of coverings. It is described as an immunological vacuum, and when afflicted by infections the outcome ismost often devastating. Factors leading to compromise of the host defense play a major role in establishing neurosurgical infections. A number of such factors can either be avoided or minimized. Over the past decades, these infections have been fatal. However, more recently, the advent of newermore effective antibiotics, improved bacteriological studies, advanced imaging facilities, and meticulous surgical techniques have turned around the outcomes. This article will review infections of the central nervous system of neurosurgical significance

Influence of ventilation and media on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuberization and its growth characteristics

Considering the most suitable relationship between ventilation and media in this study, two mixtures of perlite and coir (3:1, light and 1:3, heavy v/v) were applied to determine the growth characteristics var.Sante of potato plantlets. As potato has high potential in minituber production, different levels of supplemental aeration (0, 12.5, 25 and 75%, v/v/min) were compared for providing root oxygen demandand increasing potato minituber yield. Applying sufficient aeration led to significant increase in dry matter, number, size, quality of minituber and most of the growth parameters such as leaf area index (LAI), leaf area index duration (LAID), harvest index (HI) and root : shoot ratio. The results showed that by applying aeration at 25% (v/v/min), tuber yield was increased significantly up to 162% and increase in tuber number was predominant at the rate of 3678 tuber/m2. Desirable performance of aerated plant can be resulted from root oxygen demand of potato which is higher than normal ventilation in media. Heavy media was more responsive to aeration than light one. Thus, aeration at 25 and 12.5% (v/v/min) in heavy and light media respectively was considered as favorable level in rizo-sphere and had positive effect on tuberization