Učinak zajedničke primjene meloksikama na anestetsko djelovanje natrijevog tiopentala na modelu pilića

Few studies have dealt with thiopental sodium-induced anaesthetic action and the effect of combining meloxicam (a high plasma protein-bound) in 10–15 day old chicks. First, the analgesic median effective dose (ED50) was determined as 35.85 mg/kg, IM by up-and-down routine, while the hypnotic ED50 value was 34.40 mg/kg, IM in the chick model. A thiopental sodium injection (18, 36 and 72 mg/kg, IM) produces a significant dose-responsive hypnotic effect in chicks, determined by the beginning of the lack of a righting reflex, duration and recovery time. Thiopental sodium and meloxicam (72 and 1 mg/kg, IM) in combination shortened the beginning of hypnosis, and significantly extended its duration, with a significant increase in recovery time from the hypnotic effect when compared to the group receiving only thiopental sodium. The same combination also elicited a significant increase in the analgesic percentage and efficacy, and significant increase in the voltage current estimated via using electrical stimulation to induce the ache feeling. No significant changes were found in the concentrations of serum glutamate pyruvate trans-aminase (GPT), glutamate oxalo-acetate trans-aminase (GOT) with body temperature between the two groups, with the exception of a significant change in respiratory rate. The outcomes of this study support the prospect of using thiopental sodium as an anaesthetic agent for veterinary surgical procedures in the chicks, in combination with meloxicam, to produce worthy, consistent, and proficient anaesthesia.Malo se studija bavi anestetskim djelovanjem induciranim natrijevim tiopentalom i učinkom kombiniranja s meloksikamom (visoki stupanj vezivanja na proteine u plazmi) u pilića starih 10- 15 dana. Srednje učinkovita analgetska doza (ED50) ustvrđena je kao 35,85 mg/kg intramuskularno gore-dolje rutinom, dok je hipnotička ED50 vrijednost bila 34,40 mg/kg, intramuskularno na modelu pilića. Injekcija natrijevog pentanola (18, 36 i 72 mg/kg, intramuskularno) stvara značajni hipnotički učinak ovisno o dozi u pilića određivanjem početka izostanka refleksa uspravljanja i tranja u vremenu oporavka. Kombinacija natrijevog tiopentanola i meloksikama (72 i 1 mg/kg, intramuskularno), skratila je početak hipnoze, značajno produljila njezino trajanje uz značajno produljenje vremena oporavka od hipnotičkog učinka u usporedbi sa skupinom koja je primala samo natrijev tiopentanol. U isto vrijeme ista je kombinacija izazvala značajan porast analgetskog postotka i učinkovitosti uz značajan porast napona struje procijenjen uporabom električne simulacije za induciranje osjeta boli. Uočeno je da nema značajne promjene koncentracija glutamat-piruvat transaminaze (GPT) i glutamat-oksaloacetat transaminaze (GOT) u krvi s tjelesnom temperaturom, osim značajne promjene respiratorne frekvencije između dvije navedene skupine. Rezultati ove studije govore u prilog uporabe natrijevog tiopentanola kao anestetskog sredstva za veterinarske kirurške postupke u pilića čiji se učinci mogu pojačati uporabom meloksikama u svrhu postizanja dobre, dosljedne i učinkovite anestezije

Artifact Rejection Methodology Enables Continuous, Noninvasive Measurement of Gastric Myoelectric Activity in Ambulatory Subjects.

The increasing prevalence of functional and motility gastrointestinal (GI) disorders is at odds with bottlenecks in their diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Lack of noninvasive approaches means that only specialized centers can perform objective assessment procedures. Abnormal GI muscular activity, which is coordinated by electrical slow-waves, may play a key role in symptoms. As such, the electrogastrogram (EGG), a noninvasive means to continuously monitor gastric electrical activity, can be used to inform diagnoses over broader populations. However, it is seldom used due to technical issues: inconsistent results from single-channel measurements and signal artifacts that make interpretation difficult and limit prolonged monitoring. Here, we overcome these limitations with a wearable multi-channel system and artifact removal signal processing methods. Our approach yields an increase of 0.56 in the mean correlation coefficient between EGG and the clinical "gold standard", gastric manometry, across 11 subjects (p < 0.001). We also demonstrate this system's usage for ambulatory monitoring, which reveals myoelectric dynamics in response to meals akin to gastric emptying patterns and circadian-related oscillations. Our approach is noninvasive, easy to administer, and has promise to widen the scope of populations with GI disorders for which clinicians can screen patients, diagnose disorders, and refine treatments objectively

MOLECULAR AND CHEMICAL THERAPEUTIC FEATURES OF URTICA SPECIES

The present review study was conducted to review the current understanding of molecular aspects of Urtica species. We refer to the most recent published articles addressing the therapeutic potential of this plant. A wide spectrum of diseases has been associated with Urtica species including cancer, arthritis, autoimmune diseases, diabetes, and fatigue. Some molecular mechanisms and chemical properties have been discussed. Taken together, studies have confirmed the beneficial effects of Urtica all over the world and understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects opens new horizon to understand new therapeutic options. The extracts of Urtica should be prepared based on separating effective ingredients for optimal therapeutic benefits

Heat Shock Protein70 as Biomarker in Bladder Cancer

The present study aimed to shed light on the urine HSP70 concentration of patients with urinary bladder carcinoma UBC and control subjects as new urinary biomarker. The second aim was to associate this protein concentration with UBC stage and grade in patients with UBC. A direct ELISA was used to quantify urine HSP concentrations in 58 patients with urinary bladder carcinoma UBC with different grades (G) and stages (T) all malignant of them was transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) type , 15 from patients with urinary Bladder disorders other than cancer UBD and 15 healthy subjects(control) . Urine concentrations of HSP70 were elevated in patients with UBC compared to those without UBC (healthy and UBD, P< 0.5). There was a high significant between mean level of HSP70 in patients with T2 tumor stage as compared with patients with stage T3 . Also, there was a high significant increased mean level of HSP70 in patients with G3 as compared with patients with grad1 G1

Multiple exciton generation in nano-crystals revisited: Consistent calculation of the yield based on pump-probe spectroscopy

Multiple exciton generation (MEG) is a process in which more than one exciton is generated upon the absorption of a high energy photon, typically higher than two times the band gap, in semiconductor nanocrystals. It can be observed experimentally using time resolved spectroscopy such as the transient absorption measurements. Quantification of the MEG yield is usu- ally done by assuming that the bi-exciton signal is twice the signal from a single exciton. Herein we show that this assumption is not always justified and may lead to significant errors in the estimated MEG yields. We develop a methodology to determine proper scaling factors to the signals from the transient absorption experiments. Using the methodology we find modest MEG yields in lead chalcogenide nanocrystals including the nanorods

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of antiinflammatory properties of novel α, β-unsaturated ketones

Purpose: To prepare and characterize alicyclic aromatic chalcone derivatives, and study their antibiotic and anti-inflammatory properties.Methods: Claisen-Schmidt (aldol condensation) base-catalyzed condensation was used for preparation of chalcone derivatives (compounds I - IV), and the products were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV), FT-IR spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), carbone 13CNMR and mass spectroscopy (MS). The antibacterial effect of the compounds was determined against Baci. cereus, Staph. Aureus, E. coli, and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. In addition, their anti-inflammatory effects were assayed using cotton granule-induced granuloma in mice. The results were compared with those for diclofenac, a standard drug. The synthesized derivatives were subjected to theoretical studies on their stabilities, and some chemical parameters were calculated using density function theory [DFT].Results: Using Claisen-Schmidt reaction, it was possible to prepare stable chalcone derivatives, such as derivatives of 2-(3-phenyl&nbsp; acryloyl)cyclopentan-1-one, with good results. Depending on the substituted group, it was also shown that the derivatives had effective biological effects. Compound IV displayed a noticeable antibacterial effect against Staph. aureus and E. coli. The prepared chalcone derivatives exerted markedly variable anti-inflammatory effects.Conclusion: These results indicate that Claisen-Schmidt reaction is not limited to the preparation of chalcone derivatives from diphenyl structures&nbsp; only. Stable alicyclic aromatic structures can also be used. This results in derivatives with good biological effects. Keywords: Chalcones, Claisen-Schmidt, Anti-inflammatory effects, Granuloma, Aldol Condensatio

Synthesis, characterization and investigation of antibacterial activity for some new functionalized luminol derivatives

ABSTRACT. The present study describes synthesis of some new luminol derivatives, which might play an important role in biological active agents. These new synthesized compounds are functionalized based on luminol (LM) with different carboxylic drugs such as mefenamic acid, ibuprofen, diclofenac sodium, and ampicillin). Synthesis processes was conducted by converting carboxylic group in the investigated drugs into acid chloride group by reacting with SOCl2. Then the synthesized chloride drug derivatives were reacted with luminol in presences of DMSO and TEA to yield the final target molecules. These compounds were characterized using FTIR, NMR and CHNS techniques. Besides that, their physical properties and solubility were also investigated. Biological activity of the derivatives (TH1-TH4) was investigated using a pathogenic bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus (gram +ve), and Escherichia (E. coli) (gram -ve). The obtained results for antibacterial activity showed that TH1-TH4 derivatives have higher antibacterial activity against these types of bacteria in comparison with pure LM compound and the investigated drugs. &nbsp; KEY WORDS: Luminol, Mefenamic acid, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac sodium, Ampicillin &nbsp; Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(1), 159-169.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i1.13 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp

Role of TGF-?1 in Urinary Bladder Carcinoma

The present study aimed to evaluate sera TGF- ?1 concentration in patients with urinary bladder carcinoma (UBC). All malignant of them was transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) type , patients with urinary bladder disorders (UBD ) and healthy control , and to study the correlation between sera TGF-?1 levels and tumor stages and grades in UBC patients . A direct ELISA test was used to quantify the seraTGF-?1 concentrations in sera of 58 patients with urinary bladder carcinoma UBC of different grades (G) and stages (T) all malignant of them was transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) type , 15 from patients with UBD and 15 healthy subjects . Sera levels of TGF-?1 were elevated in patients with UBC and UBD compared to healthy (P ? 0.01) .There was no association between tumor stages and serum level of TGF-?1 (P?0.05) . Whereas there was an association between serum levels of TFG-?1 and tumor grades (p ?0.05) . Increased serum level was found in high grades G?2 of patient with UBC

Not All Children with Cystic Fibrosis Have Abnormal Esophageal Neutralization during Chemical Clearance of Acid Reflux.

PurposeAcid neutralization during chemical clearance is significantly prolonged in children with cystic fibrosis, compared to symptomatic children without cystic fibrosis. The absence of available reference values impeded identification of abnormal findings within individual patients with and without cystic fibrosis. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that significantly more children with cystic fibrosis have acid neutralization durations during chemical clearance that fall outside the physiological range.MethodsPublished reference value for acid neutralization duration during chemical clearance (determined using combined impedance/pH monitoring) was used to assess esophageal acid neutralization efficiency during chemical clearance in 16 children with cystic fibrosis (3 to &lt;18 years) and 16 age-matched children without cystic fibrosis.ResultsDuration of acid neutralization during chemical clearance exceeded the upper end of the physiological range in 9 of 16 (56.3%) children with and in 3 of 16 (18.8%) children without cystic fibrosis (p=0.0412). The likelihood ratio for duration indicated that children with cystic fibrosis are 2.1-times more likely to have abnormal acid neutralization during chemical clearance, and children with abnormal acid neutralization during chemical clearance are 1.5-times more likely to have cystic fibrosis.ConclusionSignificantly more (but not all) children with cystic fibrosis have abnormally prolonged esophageal clearance of acid. Children with cystic fibrosis are more likely to have abnormal acid neutralization during chemical clearance. Additional studies involving larger sample sizes are needed to address the importance of genotype, esophageal motility, composition and volume of saliva, and gastric acidity on acid neutralization efficiency in cystic fibrosis children

The Efficacy of Dandelion Root Extract in Inducing Apoptosis in Drug-Resistant Human Melanoma Cells

Notoriously chemoresistant melanoma has become the most prevalent form of cancer for the 25–29 North American age demographic. Standard treatment after early detection involves surgical excision (recurrence is possible), and metastatic melanoma is refractory to immuno-, radio-, and most harmful chemotherapies. Various natural compounds have shown efficacy in killing different cancers, albeit not always specifically. In this study, we show that dandelion root extract (DRE) specifically and effectively induces apoptosis in human melanoma cells without inducing toxicity in noncancerous cells. Characteristic apoptotic morphology of nuclear condensation and phosphatidylserine flipping to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane of A375 human melanoma cells was observed within 48 hours. DRE-induced apoptosis activates caspase-8 in A375 cells early on, demonstrating employment of an extrinsic apoptotic pathway to kill A375 cells. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generated from DRE-treated isolated mitochondria indicates that natural compounds in DRE can also directly target mitochondria. Interestingly, the relatively resistant G361 human melanoma cell line responded to DRE when combined with the metabolism interfering antitype II diabetic drug metformin. Therefore, treatment with this common, yet potent extract of natural compounds has proven novel in specifically inducing apoptosis in chemoresistant melanoma, without toxicity to healthy cells