Emulsion formation and stabilization by biomolecules: the leading role of cellulose

Emulsion stabilization by native cellulose has been mainly hampered because of its insolubility in water. Chemical modification is normally needed to obtain water-soluble cellulose derivatives. These modified celluloses have been widely used for a range of applications by the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutic, paint and construction industries. In most cases, the modified celluloses are used as rheology modifiers (thickeners) or as emulsifying agents. In the last decade, the structural features of cellulose have been revisited, with particular focus on its structural anisotropy (amphiphilicity) and the molecular interactions leading to its resistance to dissolution. The amphiphilic behavior of native cellulose is evidenced by its capacity to adsorb at the interface between oil and aqueous solvent solutions, thus being capable of stabilizing emulsions. In this overview, the fundamentals of emulsion formation and stabilization by biomolecules are briefly revisited before different aspects around the emerging role of cellulose as emulsion stabilizer are addressed in detail. Particular focus is given to systems stabilized by native cellulose, either molecularly-dissolved or not (Pickering-like effect).Financially support by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, FCT, via the projects PTDC/AGR-TEC/4814/2014, PTDC/ASP-SIL/30619/2017 and researcher grant IF/01005/2014. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden AB and PERFORM, a competence platform in Formulation Science at RISE, are acknowledged for additional financing. This research has been supported by Treesearch.se.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Identification of Structural Variation in Chimpanzees Using Optical Mapping and Nanopore Sequencing.

Recent efforts to comprehensively characterize great ape genetic diversity using short-read sequencing and single-nucleotide variants have led to important discoveries related to selection within species, demographic history, and lineage-specific traits. Structural variants (SVs), including deletions and inversions, comprise a larger proportion of genetic differences between and within species, making them an important yet understudied source of trait divergence. Here, we used a combination of long-read and -range sequencing approaches to characterize the structural variant landscape of two additional Pan troglodytes verus individuals, one of whom carries 13% admixture from Pan troglodytes troglodytes. We performed optical mapping of both individuals followed by nanopore sequencing of one individual. Filtering for larger variants (>10 kbp) and combined with genotyping of SVs using short-read data from the Great Ape Genome Project, we identified 425 deletions and 59 inversions, of which 88 and 36, respectively, were novel. Compared with gene expression in humans, we found a significant enrichment of chimpanzee genes with differential expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines and induced pluripotent stem cells, both within deletions and near inversion breakpoints. We examined chromatin-conformation maps from human and chimpanzee using these same cell types and observed alterations in genomic interactions at SV breakpoints. Finally, we focused on 56 genes impacted by SVs in >90% of chimpanzees and absent in humans and gorillas, which may contribute to chimpanzee-specific features. Sequencing a greater set of individuals from diverse subspecies will be critical to establish the complete landscape of genetic variation in chimpanzees

Perbandingan Cross-product Dan Subset Query Pada Multiple Relasi Dengan Metode Cost-based

Ada beberapa model query yang digunakan untuk mengakses data pada 2 tabel atau lebih dalam basis data relasi. Dua model query yang umum antara lain adalah cross product dan subset query, dimana kedua model ini dapat menghasilkan data yang sama. Namun perlu diperhatikan cara mana yang lebih optimal sehingga pada akhirnya didapatkan query dengan waktu akses yang paling minimum. Dengan menggunakan basis data Oracle 10g Express Edition akan dilakukan penelitian untuk mencari model query yang lebih optimal dengan metode cost-based. Parameter yang akan dibandingkan adalah harga/biaya dan waktu yang dihasilkan pada perencanaan eksekusi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengelompokkan uji data seperti jumlah data, jumlah relasi, akses tabel penuh atau sebagian dan pengindeksan

Bifurcation Phenomena in Two-Dimensional Piecewise Smooth Discontinuous Maps

In recent years the theory of border collision bifurcations has been developed for piecewise smooth maps that are continuous across the border, and has been successfully applied to explain nonsmooth bifurcation phenomena in physical systems. However, many switching dynamical systems have been found to yield two-dimensional piecewise smooth maps that are discontinuous across the border. The theory for understanding the bifurcation phenomena in such systems is not available yet. In this paper we present the first approach to the problem of analysing and classifying the bifurcation phenomena in two-dimensional discontinuous maps, based on a piecewise linear approximation in the neighborhood of the border. We explain the bifurcations occurring in the static VAR compensator used in electrical power systems, using the theory developed in this paper. This theory may be applied similarly to other systems that yield two-dimensional discontinuous maps

Kesetimbangan Adsorpsi Logam Fe (II) Menggunakan Karbon Aktif dari Ampas Tebu sebagai Adsorben

Bagasse is a by-product from pressing liquid sugar. One of the efforts to control the bagasse is processed into activated carbon. This study aims to activated carbon from bagasse, study the effect of Fe (II) concentration on activated carbon from bagasse and adsorption equilibrium model. Processing bagasse into actived carbon carbonization process is carriedout at a temperature of 320 °C for 2 (two) hours. After that activated with KOH ratio 3:1. 2 grams of activated carbon was added to the beaker containing the solution of Fe (II) atvarious concentration (20; 30; and 40 ppm), and the reaction temperature (40; 50; and 60 °C). The results showed that activated carbon adsorption for 20 ppm and 40 °C is 90,80%,followed equilibrium Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models (with regretion 0,986 and0,985) and the heat of reaction of 2,24 kcal/mol°K

Counseling Improves Anemia Prevention Behavior of Pregnant Women

Introduction: Pregnancy closely associated with anemia, where the condition of mothers with Hb under 11gr% in 1st and 3rd trimester or Haemoglobin (Hb) levels below 10.5 g% in 2nd trimester. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of pregnant women on preventing anemia during pregnancy is one of the factors that influence incidence of anemia which affects the health of babies. Objective of this study was to explain the effect of counseling toward anemia prevention behaviour (knowledge, attitude, practice) of pregnant women. Method: A pre-experimental (one group pretest-posttest) simple random sampling design was used in this study. Population of this study was all pregnant women in Mrs. Wolita midwife practice Surabaya ( as many as 30 pregnant women a month). Sample of these 28 pregnant women were recruited over period of this study. Independent variable was counseling, while the dependent variable were knowledge, attitudes and practice. Data were collected by using questionnaires and analyzed with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with significance level of α ≤0.05. Result: The result showed that counseling effected behaviour (knowledge, attitude and practice) of pregnant women on anemia prevention with significance level p=0.000 (knowledge); p=0.007 (attitude) and p=0.027 (practice). Analysis: It can be concluded that counseling or health education about prevention of pregnancy anemia is needed for pregnant women. Discussion: It is recomended that regular counseling must be provided by counselor to prevent anemia during pregnancy. Haemoglobin of pregnant women should also be checked regularly in the midwife practices, as a first step effort to decrease the incidence of anemia in pregnant women

Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dan Kualitas Produk terhadap Corporate Image PT. Semen Padang (Studi Kasus Masyarakat di Kec. Lubuk Kilangan Padang)

The background of this research background by the extent to which the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility and affect product quality corporate image ( corporate image) PT . Semen Padang in the district. Kilangan bottom of Padang . The purpose of this study to determine whether CSR program that is given by PT . Semen Padang affect the companys corporate image . There are two benefits from this research , practical for the company , as a material consideration in implementing CSR programs . The second benefit of theoretical benefit as consideration for futureresearch .Type of research is descriptive research Associative . The population in this study overall community district. Padang Kilangan depths totaling 48 850 . Sampling using Slovin formula . Based on a formula then get a sample of 100 people . The sampling technique used is Non-Probability Sampling using samplimg acidental techniques . Data were collected through questionnaires using a Likert scale measuring devices that have been tested in the district. Begalung bottom of Padang . The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis and analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility induktif.Program affect Corporate Image by 1,009 units . Likewise the influence Corporate Image Quality Products at 0,249 units . This can be proved by the results of research which states that the value of F ( 113.805 ) > F ( 3.936 ) . 70.1 % Corporate Image PT . Semen Padang influenced CSR Program and Product Quality while the remaining 29.9 % be explained by other factors that are outside the study

Comparative Analysis of Single- and Dual-media Thermocline Tanks for Thermal Energy Storage in Concentrating Solar Power Plants

A molten-salt thermocline tank is a low-cost option for thermal energy storage (TES) in concentrating solar power (CSP) plants. Typical dual-media thermocline (DMT) tanks contain molten salt and a filler material that provides sensible heat capacity at reduced cost. However, conventional quartzite rock filler introduces the potential for thermomechanical failure by successive thermal ratcheting of the tank wall under cyclical operation. To avoid this potential mode of failure, the tank may be operated as a singlemedium thermocline (SMT) tank containing solely molten salt. However, in the absence of filler material to dampen tank-scale convection eddies, internal mixing can reduce the quality of the stored thermal energy. To assess the relative merits of these two approaches, the operation of DMT and SMT tanks is simulated under different periodic charge/discharge cycles and tank wall boundary conditions to compare the performance with and without a filler material. For all conditions assessed, both thermocline tank designs have excellent thermal storage performance, although marginally higher firstand second-law efficiencies are predicted for the SMT tank. While heat loss through the tank wall to the ambient induces internal flow nonuniformities in the SMT design over the scale of the entire tank, strong stratification maintains separation of the hot and cold regions by a narrow thermocline; thermocline growth is limited by the low thermal diffusivity of the molten salt. Heat transport and flow phenomena inside the DMT tank, on the other hand, are governed to a great extent by thermal diffusion, which causes elongation of the thermocline. Both tanks are highly resistant to performance loss over periods of static operation, and the deleterious effects of dwell time are limited in both tank designs