Esperanza y desesperanza en el municipio de vinto un diagnóstico en base al TED - R

The following article presents the results of a study whose objective was to identify the levels of Hope-Desperation of 482 people in the Municipality of Vinto, belonging to the Vinto Grande, Machajmarca, Anocaraire and Chulla cantons. The study is quantitative, with a non-experimental descriptive design. For data collection, the structured interview technique was used, applying the Revised Hope-Despair Test (TED-R), from which the frequencies of sociodemographic variables such as age, gender, marital status and religion were obtained. The alpha was obtained from a pilot test prior to the investigation with the participation of 48 people, with a value of .872. All the surveys were valid for their tabulation, where the gender balance was maintained, since 51% were women and 49% men, the average age being the range between 41 and 50 years. The general results show that on scale D the majority population is at the level of High Hopelessness with 33%, while on scale E it is identified that only 30% is within the Normal level of Hope. The contingency in the variables of age, gender, marital status and religion where higher percentages were found was in the level of hopelessness. Therefore, the sample population that was characterized with the highest percentages of hope was the male population, the age range of 21 to 30 years, the single population, and those who profess the Adventist religionEl siguiente artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio cuyo objetivo fue identificar los niveles de Esperanza-Desesperanza de 482 personas en el Municipio de Vinto, pertenecientes al cantón Vinto Grande, Machajmarca, Anocaraire y Chulla. El estudio es cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental del tipo descriptivo. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la técnica de entrevista estructurada aplicando el Test de Esperanza-Desesperanza Revisada (TED-R), del cual se obtuvieron las frecuencias de las variables sociodemográficas como edad, genero, estado civil y religión. El alfa se obtuvo de una prueba piloto previa a la investigación con la participación de 48 personas, con un valor de .872. Todas las encuestas resultaron válidas para su tabulación, donde se mantuvo el equilibrio de género, ya que el 51% fueron mujeres y el 49% varones, siendo el promedio de edad el rango entre los 41 y 50 años. Los resultados generales demuestran que en la escala D la población mayoritaria se encuentra en el nivel de Alta Desesperanza con un 33%, en cambio en la escala E se identifica que solo un 30% se encuentra dentro el nivel Normal de Esperanza. La contingencia en las variables de edad, género, estado civil y religión donde se encontraron porcentajes mayores fue en el nivel de desesperanza. Por lo que la población de muestra que se caracterizó con más altos porcentajes de esperanza fue la población de género masculino, el rango de edad de 21 a 30 años, la población soltera y los que profesan la religión adventista

Digital competences in public education teachers: A systematic review

El objetivo fue analizar el impacto de las competencias digitales en docentes de la educación básica. Para ello se ha precedido con la metodología establecida en la Declaración PRISMA, Para ello, se realizaron búsquedas combinadas mediante el uso de palabras claves en bases a la información científica de Scopus, EBSCO, Proquest, Springer y otros, en un periodo de tres años. Durante la investigación se han trabajado con flujo de información de las diferentes fases de la declaración Prisma estas son el proceso de identificación, cribado, elegibilidad e inclusión se desarrolló en cuatro meses. De los 149 estudios que arrojó la búsqueda especializada, solamente se incluyeron 15. Criterios de inclusión: artículos de investigación, revisiones sistemáticas y estudios de caso, se orientó a la revisión y recopilación sistemática de las investigaciones que se realizaron sobre las competencias digitales en docentes de la educación básica. Criterios de exclusión: se excluyeron aquellas investigaciones que no fueron sometidas a un proceso de revisión, con deficiencias metodológicas o que no demostraron relación o interrelación entre las variables mencionadas anteriormente. Los resultados indican que las competencias digitales en docentes de la educación básica; han sido determinantes en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje.The objective was to analyze the impact of digital competences in basic education teachers. To do this, the methodology established in the PRISMA Declaration has been preceded. To do this, combined searches were carried out using keywords based on scientific information from Scopus, EBSCO, Proquest, Springer and others, in a period of three years. . During the investigation, they have worked with the information flow of the different phases of the Prisma declaration, these are the identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion process that took place in four months. Of the 149 studies that the specialized search yielded, only 15 were included. Inclusion criteria: research articles, systematic reviews and case studies, it was oriented to the systematic review and compilation of research carried out on digital skills in teachers of basic education. Exclusion criteria: those investigations that were not subjected to a review process, with methodological deficiencies or that did not demonstrate a relationship or interrelation between the variables mentioned above were excluded. The results indicate that digital skills in basic education teachers; They have been decisive in the teaching and learning processes

Intestinal parasitosis and anemia in children 6 to 60 months of age treated in the period 2015 to 2020, in a health center in the Highlands of Peru

Objetivo: Evaluar la anemia y la parasitosis en niños de 6 a 60 meses de edad, atendidos en un Centro de Salud Alto andina de Perú, durante periodo 2015 al 2020. Método: El estudio fue descriptivo – retrospectivo, se aplicó el método científico, con un diseño no experimental, la población y la muestra fueron compuestos por 1097 niños atendidos en el Centro de Salud de Ascensión, durante los años 2015 al 2020, se incluyó todo niño que padezca anemia y/o parasitosis. Resultado:  515 niñas que componen un 46.9%, y 582 niños que componen 53.1 % padecen de anemia, de los cuales el 83% padecen anemia leve, y un 17 % padecen de anemia moderada; en cuanto a género 83,7% niñas y 82,3% niños presentan anemia, en relación a edad   los de  6 a 12 mes   presentaron anemia  leve en un 37.5%  y moderado 48.1% ; Por otro lado de un total de 240 niños, un 53.3 % fueron niñas y un 46.7 fueron niños que padecen parasitosis intestinal. Conclusión:  En las zonas alto andinas de Perú, de niños y niñas que presentan anemia, predomina la anemia leve, así mismo este problema de salud no diferencia en su afección al género; en relación a la edad predomina de 6 a 12 meses con anemia leve y moderado. Por otro lado, se evidencia un porcentaje considerable de parasitosis intestinal, de igual forma esta enfermedad en cuanto al género no diferencia; sin embargo en cuanto a la edad se evidencia   mayor parasitosis intestinal en niños y niñas de 24, 36 y 60 meses; lo que implica que la parasitosis intestinal no necesariamente es un factor predominante para la anemia.Objective: To evaluate anemia and parasitosis in children from 6 to 60 months of age, attended in a Peruvian High Andean Health Center, during the period 2015 to 2020. Method: The study was descriptive - retrospective, the scientific method was applied, with a non-experimental design, the population and the sample were composed of 1097 children attended at the Ascension Health Center, during the years 2015 to 2020, all children suffering from anemia and/or parasitosis were included. Result: 515 girls comprising 46.9%, and 582 boys comprising 53.1% suffer from anemia, of which 83% suffer from mild anemia, and 17% suffer from moderate anemia; in terms of gender 83.7% girls and 82.3% boys present anemia, in relation to age those from 6 to 12 months presented mild anemia in 37. On the other hand, out of a total of 240 children, 53.3% were girls and 46.7% were boys suffering from intestinal parasitosis. Conclusion: In the high Andean zones of Peru, children with anemia are predominantly mildly anemic, and this health problem does not differentiate between genders; in relation to age, children between 6 and 12 months are predominantly mildly and moderately anemic. On the other hand, there is a considerable percentage of intestinal parasitosis, likewise this disease does not differentiate by gender; however, in terms of age, there is more intestinal parasitosis in children aged 24, 36 and 60 months, which implies that intestinal parasitosis is not necessarily a predominant factor for anemi

Calcisponges have a ParaHox gene and dynamic expression of dispersed NK homeobox genes

This study was funded by the Sars Centre core budget to M. Adamska. Sequencing was performed at the Norwegian High Throughput Sequencing Centre funded by the Norwegian Research Council. O.M.R. and D.E.K.F. acknowledge support from the BBSRC and the School of Biology, University of St Andrews.Sponges are simple animals with few cell types, but their genomes paradoxically contain a wide variety of developmental transcription factors1,2,3,4, including homeobox genes belonging to the Antennapedia (ANTP) class5,6, which in bilaterians encompass Hox, ParaHox and NK genes. In the genome of the demosponge Amphimedon queenslandica, no Hox or ParaHox genes are present, but NK genes are linked in a tight cluster similar to the NK clusters of bilaterians5. It has been proposed that Hox and ParaHox genes originated from NK cluster genes after divergence of sponges from the lineage leading to cnidarians and bilaterians5,7. On the other hand, synteny analysis lends support to the notion that the absence of Hox and ParaHox genes in Amphimedon is a result of secondary loss (the ghost locus hypothesis)8. Here we analysed complete suites of ANTP-class homeoboxes in two calcareous sponges, Sycon ciliatum and Leucosolenia complicata. Our phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that these calcisponges possess orthologues of bilaterian NK genes (Hex, Hmx and Msx), a varying number of additional NK genes and one ParaHox gene, Cdx. Despite the generation of scaffolds spanning multiple genes, we find no evidence of clustering of Sycon NK genes. All Sycon ANTP-class genes are developmentally expressed, with patterns suggesting their involvement in cell type specification in embryos and adults, metamorphosis and body plan patterning. These results demonstrate that ParaHox genes predate the origin of sponges, thus confirming the ghost locus hypothesis8, and highlight the need to analyse the genomes of multiple sponge lineages to obtain a complete picture of the ancestral composition of the first animal genome.PostprintPeer reviewe

VVV-WIT-04: An extragalactic variable source caught by the VVV Survey

We report the discovery of VVV-WIT-04, a near-infrared variable source towards the Galactic disk located ~0.2 arcsec apart from the position of the radio source PMN J1515-5559. The object was found serendipitously in the near-IR data of the ESO public survey VISTA Variables in the V\'ia L\'actea (VVV). Our analysis is based on variability, multicolor, and proper motion data from VVV and VVV eXtended surveys, complemented with archive data at longer wavelengths. We suggest that VVV-WIT-04 has an extragalactic origin as the near-IR counterpart of PMN J1515-5559. The Ks-band light-curve of VVV-WIT-04 is highly variable and consistent with that of an Optically Violent Variable (OVV) quasar. The variability in the near-IR can be interpreted as the redshifted optical variability. Residuals to the proper motion varies with the magnitude suggesting contamination by a blended source. Alternative scenarios, including a transient event such as a nova or supernova, or even a binary microlensing event are not in agreement with the available data.R.K.S. acknowledges support from CNPq/Brazil through projects 308968/2016-6 and 421687/2016-9. P.W.L. is supported by STFC Consolidated Grant ST/R000905/1. Support for the authors is provided by the BASAL CONICYT Center for Astrophysics and Associated Technologies (CATA) through grant AFB-170002, and the Ministry for the Economy, Development, and Tourism, Programa Iniciativa Cient´ıfica Milenio through grant IC120009, awarded to the Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS). D.M. acknowledges support from FONDECYT through project Regular #1170121

Discovery of the first dual GSK3 beta inhibitor/Nrf2 inducer. A new multitarget therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease

The formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), oxidative stress and neuroinflammation have emerged as key targets for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. These pathological hallmarks are closely related to the over-activity of the enzyme GSK3β and the downregulation of the defense pathway Nrf2-EpRE observed in AD patients. Herein, we report the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a new family of multitarget 2,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles as dual GSK3β inhibitors and Nrf2 inducers. These compounds are able to inhibit GSK3β and induce the Nrf2 phase II antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathway at micromolar concentrations, showing interesting structure-activity relationships. The association of both activities has resulted in a remarkable anti-inflammatory ability with an interesting neuroprotective profile on in vitro models of neuronal death induced by oxidative stress and energy depletion and AD. Furthermore, none of the compounds exhibited in vitro neurotoxicity or hepatotoxicity and hence they had improved safety profiles compared to the known electrophilic Nrf2 inducers. In conclusion, the combination of both activities in this family of multitarget compounds confers them a notable interest for the development of lead compounds for the treatment of AD

Tax planning and income tax determination in textile companies in the city of Arequipa, case artexsurle E.I.R.L., period 2020

El presente trabajo plantea como objetivo general determinar la relación que tiene el planeamiento tributario con la determinación del impuesto a la renta en las empresas textiles de la ciudad de Arequipa, caso Artexsurle E.I.R.L., periodo 2020. El estudio corresponde a una investigación básica, de enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, transversal, de tipo correlacional, y como instrumento se utilizó un cuestionario con preguntas cerradas, cuyas dimensiones para la variable 1 son: obligaciones, metas y objetivos, pronósticos; y para la variable 2 son: gastos deducibles y gastos no deducibles, el cuestionario fue aplicado al personal del área gerencial, administrativo y contable de la empresa. En los resultados se obtuvieron una fiabilidad estadística del 98.8%. Adicionalmente se tiene los datos siguientes: r=0.863 y el valor de p=0.000 es menor a 0.05. Concluyendo que existe una relación positiva, buena, fuerte y perfecta entre las variables de estudio, y al ser positiva el incremento de la variable planeamiento tributario redundará en la correcta determinación del impuesto a la renta. Recomendando mantener su aplicación la misma que promoverá seguridad tributaria, favoreciendo el pronóstico financiero y los flujos de caja positivosThe present work raises as a general objective to determine the relationship that tax planning has with the determination of income tax in textile companies in the city of Arequipa, Artexsurle EIRL case, period 2020. The study corresponds to a basic research, focused quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational design, and a questionnaire with closed questions was used as an instrument, whose dimensions for variable 1 are: obligations, goals and objectives, prognoses; and for variable 2 they are: deductible expenses and non-deductible expenses, the questionnaire was applied to the personnel of the managerial, administrative and accounting areas of the company. The results obtained a statistical reliability of 98.8%. Additionally, we have the following data: r = 0.863 and the value of p = 0.000 is less than 0.05. Concluding that there is a positive, good, strong and perfect relationship between the study variables, and since it is positive, the increase in the tax planning variable will result in the correct determination of income tax. Recommending to keep its application the same one that will promote tax security, favoring the financial forecast and positive cash flows

Culture and Psychiatric Evaluation: Operationalizing Cultural Formulation for DSM-5

The Outline for Cultural Formulation (OCF) introduced with DSM-IV provided a framework for clinicians to organize cultural information relevant to diagnostic assessment and treatment planning. However, use of the OCF has been inconsistent, raising questions about the need for guidance on implementation, training, and application in diverse settings. To address this need, DSM-5 introduced a cultural formulation interview (CFI) that operationalizes the process of data collection for the OCF. The CFI includes patient and informant versions and 12 supplementary modules addressing specific domains of the OCF. This article summarizes the literature reviews and analyses of experience with the OCF conducted by the DSM-5 Cross-Cultural Issues Subgroup (DCCIS) that informed the development of the CFI. We review the history and contents of the DSM-IV OCF, its use in training programs, and previous attempts to render it operational through questionnaires, protocols, and semi-structured interview formats. Results of research based on the OCF are discussed. For each domain of the OCF, we summarize findings from the DCCIS that led to content revision and operationalization in the CFI. The conclusion discusses training and implementation issues essential to service delivery

Ram pressure feeding super-massive black holes

When supermassive black holes at the center of galaxies accrete matter (usually gas), they give rise to highly energetic phenomena named Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). A number of physical processes have been proposed to account for the funneling of gas towards the galaxy centers to feed the AGN. There are also several physical processes that can strip gas from a galaxy, and one of them is ram pressure stripping in galaxy clusters due to the hot and dense gas filling the space between galaxies. We report the discovery of a strong connection between severe ram pressure stripping and the presence of AGN activity. Searching in galaxy clusters at low redshift, we have selected the most extreme examples of jellyfish galaxies, which are galaxies with long tentacles of material extending for dozens of kpc beyond the galaxy disk. Using the MUSE spectrograph on the ESO Very Large Telescope, we find that 6 out of the 7 galaxies of this sample host a central AGN, and two of them also have galactic-scale AGN ionization cones. The high incidence of AGN among the most striking jellyfishes may be due to ram pressure causing gas to flow towards the center and triggering the AGN activity, or to an enhancement of the stripping caused by AGN energy injection, or both. Our analysis of the galaxy position and velocity relative to the cluster strongly supports the first hypothesis, and puts forward ram pressure as another, yet unforeseen, possible mechanism for feeding the central supermassive black hole with gas.Comment: published in Nature, Vol.548, Number 7667, pag.30

Specific Marking of hESCs-Derived Hematopoietic Lineage by WAS-Promoter Driven Lentiviral Vectors

Genetic manipulation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is instrumental for tracing lineage commitment and to studying human development. Here we used hematopoietic-specific Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome gene (WAS)-promoter driven lentiviral vectors (LVs) to achieve highly specific gene expression in hESCs-derived hematopoietic cells. We first demonstrated that endogenous WAS gene was not expressed in undifferentiated hESCs but was evident in hemogenic progenitors (CD45−CD31+CD34+) and hematopoietic cells (CD45+). Accordingly, WAS-promoter driven LVs were unable to express the eGFP transgene in undifferentiated hESCs. eGFP+ cells only appeared after embryoid body (EB) hematopoietic differentiation. The phenotypic analysis of the eGFP+ cells showed marking of different subpopulations at different days of differentiation. At days 10–15, AWE LVs tag hemogenic and hematopoietic progenitors cells (CD45−CD31+CD34dim and CD45+CD31+CD34dim) emerging from hESCs and at day 22 its expression became restricted to mature hematopoietic cells (CD45+CD33+). Surprisingly, at day 10 of differentiation, the AWE vector also marked CD45−CD31low/−CD34− cells, a population that disappeared at later stages of differentiation. We showed that the eGFP+CD45−CD31+ population generate 5 times more CD45+ cells than the eGFP−CD45−CD31+ indicating that the AWE vector was identifying a subpopulation inside the CD45−CD31+ cells with higher hemogenic capacity. We also showed generation of CD45+ cells from the eGFP+CD45−CD31low/−CD34− population but not from the eGFP−CD45−CD31low/−CD34− cells. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of a gene transfer vector which specifically labels hemogenic progenitors and hematopoietic cells emerging from hESCs. We propose the use of WAS-promoter driven LVs as a novel tool to studying human hematopoietic development