44 research outputs found
Delayed bowel perforation following suprapubic catheter insertion
BACKGROUND: Complications of suprapubic catheter insertion are rare but can be significant. We describe an unusual complication of a delayed bowel perforation following suprapubic catheter insertion. CASE PRESENTATION: A gentleman presented with features of peritonitis and feculent discharge along a suprapubic catheter two months after insertion of the catheter. CONCLUSION: Bowel perforation is the most feared complication of suprapubic catheter insertion especially in patients with lower abdominal scar. The risk may be reduced with the use of ultrasound scan guidance
Spatial and Spectral Coherent Control with Frequency Combs
Quantum coherent control (1-3) is a powerful tool for steering the outcome of
quantum processes towards a desired final state, by accurate manipulation of
quantum interference between multiple pathways. Although coherent control
techniques have found applications in many fields of science (4-9), the
possibilities for spatial and high-resolution frequency control have remained
limited. Here, we show that the use of counter-propagating broadband pulses
enables the generation of fully controlled spatial excitation patterns. This
spatial control approach also provides decoherence reduction, which allows the
use of the high frequency resolution of an optical frequency comb (10,11). We
exploit the counter-propagating geometry to perform spatially selective
excitation of individual species in a multi-component gas mixture, as well as
frequency determination of hyperfine constants of atomic rubidium with
unprecedented accuracy. The combination of spectral and spatial coherent
control adds a new dimension to coherent control with applications in e.g
nonlinear spectroscopy, microscopy and high-precision frequency metrology.Comment: 12 page
Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: update from the GBD 2019 study
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.
Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019.
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases
Extranodal manifestation of Rosai-Dorfman disease in the breast tissue
A 71-year-old asymptomatic female with a history of breast cancer status after right total mastectomy had interval development of several new nodules in the left breast in a 1-year time span. Stereotactic biopsy was performed, which revealed multifocal Rosai Dorfman disease in the left breast. The patient was referred to hematology, and computed tomography of the chest/abdomen/pelvis did not demonstrate any lymphadenopathy elsewhere in the body. This case report discusses incidences of extranodal Rosai Dorfman disease and the differential for breast lesions that can present the same way