Iron Metabolism and the Inflammatory Response

Funding: This work was partially supported by iNOVA4Health-UID Multi/04462—a program financially supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia/Ministério da Educação e Ciência, through national funds and co-funded by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership—and Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, which financial support grants fellowships to A.M. (SFRH/ BD/104599/2014), I.M. (SFRH/BD/114552/2016), A.K., J.A., and R.G. (IF/01495/2015).Iron (Fe) is essential to almost all organisms, as required by cells to satisfy metabolic needs and accomplish specialized functions. Its ability to exchange electrons between different substrates, however, renders it potentially toxic. Fine tune-mechanisms are necessary to maintain Fe homeostasis and, as such, to prevent its participation into the Fenton reaction and generation of oxidative stress. These are particularly important in the context of inflammation/infection, where restricting Fe availability to invading pathogens is one, if not, the main host defense strategy against microbial growth. The ability of Fe to modulate several aspects of the immune response is associated with a number of “costs” and “benefits”, some of which have been described in this review. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(6):442–450, 2017. © 2017 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biologypublishersversionpublishe

Analecta Indica

説話の流伝を考える上でユダヤの貢献を無視することはできないが、今日まで語学力の貧困さのためと、資料を閲覧する努力を怠っていたので、インドと西洋の間が欠落していて、いつも情けない思いをしていた。幸いにも平成17年度は大妻学院からスタディリーヴを許可され、その前半はSOASに籍を置いてその図書館に毎日出入りする機会に恵まれた(ロンドン大学内の他図書館、大英図書館も随時訪れた)。本来の仕事の合間にその方面の書架も覗いてみると、見るべくして見ずにいたビン・ゴリオンやギンズバーグの膨大な集成本もあり、これまでどうして勉強しなかったのかと悔やむこと頻りであった(それでもこれまで我が国では全く無視されていたベレキア・ハ・ナクダンの寓話集のヘブライ語からの和訳は秘かに計画し、毎日就寝前の数分を利用して一日一話を励行している)。それとは別にこれまで論究した説話で、そのパラレルとしてユダヤのものを抜かしたことの補いをここで雑録風に果たして(その他のことがらも備忘用に込めてあるが)、リーヴ中の主目的は別途発表のこととし、ここでは副産物の一端の報告ともしたい。The present paper is a part of result of my research carried out during my study leave from April 2005 to March 2006. Although this is a byproduct in course of doing a main project, i.e. compiling a critical edition of the Civaravastu, it was also needed to make some amendments to my previous works. In XXXVII I add some Jewish material to the transmission line of the Everyman story and provide a supplement to my bibliography of the first and secondary sources on the Everyman. In XXXVIII also some additions are made from Jewish material having connection to Le lai de Voiselet. Some studies on this lai are reviewed and criticized. Out of my indications the most important fact is that there is a parallel story in the Southern tradition of the Pancatantra, of which I was completely ignorant at the time when I wrote my previous article. The Southern tradition of it has not been fully treated so far except a few scholars, but I would like to make emphasis on the significance of this tradition in various aspects. A parable "a man in the well" has been discussed by many scholars up to now, but it seems that the final work is still desideratum. XXXIX treats of related material which have not been discussed fully by former studies. Because this parable was incorporated into the Kalilah and Dimnah and the Barlaam and Josaphat, further additions may be still possible from some versions of these texts which were circulated most widely in the medieval world. A story "a tortoise and two geese" formed a favourite theme for both Eastern and Western scholars. It seems that nothing has been left unsaid about the literature on it. In XL necessity of an examination into relationship between art objects and the literature is advocated. A critical review of Grey\u27s Concordance of the Jataka is given in the Excursus. XLI is no more than mere reference to Schiefner\u27s article on a story of Rhampsinit. In XLII a Japanese translation of "Ants" of Theobaldus\u27s Physiologus is provided

Dendrimer Stabilized Nanoalloys for Ink-Jet Printing of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates

Research on paper substrates prepared by inkjet deposition of metal nanoparticles for sensing applications has become a hot topic in recent years; however, the design of such substrates based on the deposition of alloy nanoparticles remains less explored. Herein, we report for the first time the inkjet printing of dendrimer-stabilized colloidal metal nanoalloys for the preparation of paper substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. To this end, nanoassemblies containing variable molar ratios of Au:Ag were prepared in the presence of poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM), resulting in plasmonic properties that depend on the chemical composition of the final materials. The dendrimer-stabilized Au:Ag:PAMAM colloids exhibit high colloidal stability, making them suitable for the preparation of inks for long-term use in inkjet printing of paper substrates. Moreover, the pre-treatment of paper with a polystyrene (PS) aqueous emulsion resulted in hydrophobic substrates with improved SERS sensitivity, as illustrated in the analytical detection of tetramethylthiuram disulfide (thiram pesticide) dissolved in aqueous solutions. We suggest that the interactions established between the two polymers (PAMAM and PS) in an interface region over the cellulosic fibres, resulted in more exposed metallic surfaces for the adsorption of the analyte molecules. The resulting hydrophobic substrates show long-term plasmonic stability with high SERS signal retention for at least ninety days.publishe

Promoção do aleitamento materno

O conhecimento das mulheres sobre o tempo de amamentação é menor que o tempo preconizado na literatura científica ou pelas organizações de saúde. Fazer uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre promoção do aleitamento materno.Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura na base de dados LILACS, MEDLINE E SCIELO, entre os anos 2003 e 2013, com base nos seguintes descritores: “Aleitamento materno”, amamentação”, “promoção da saúde”, “saúde da criança”, “desmame”, saúde da mulher”, “cuidados de enfermagem”. Foram definidos como critérios de exclusão, puérperas com patologias, relatação e período anterior ao parto. Foram analisados 28 artigos submetidos aos critérios de exclusão, obtendo-se para amostra final desta revisão, 21 artigos. A maioria dos estudos foi realizada no Brasil, e o tempo de acompanhamento das mulheres ocorreu entre o parto e os 24 meses. Verificou-se que o conhecimento das puérperas relativamente à amamentação é determinante para o aumento das taxas de amamentação, no entanto é insuficiente. O apoio aos problemas comuns relacionados com a lactação devem ser manejados adequadamente evitando o desmame precoce. É necessário capacitar os profissionais envolvidos com a amamentação para que estejam aptos a identificar as mudanças do amamentar, melhorar essa prática e o sistema de apoio. As orientações dos profissionais de saúde e o investimento em campanhas de difusão apresentam-se como instrumentos eficazes de promoção. A participação ativa dos profissionais de saúde é essencial na promoção do aleitamento materno, tendo em conta todo o contexto social, sem esquecer o suporte ao ambiente e companheiro

Effects of competitive standard, team formation and playing position on match running performance of Brazilian professional soccer players

This study examined the effects of competitive standard, team formation and playing position on match running performance in a Brazilian professional soccer team. Performance was investigated in 36 players in 48 matches at three competitive standards: 1st São Paulo State Championship; 3rd and 4th Brazilian leagues. Global Positioning System technology was used to determine total distance covered (TD), maximal running speed (MRS), mean speed (SMEAN) and frequency of high-intensity activities (HIA). Data were compared across competitive standards, team formations and playing positions. Magnitude-based inferences showed greater values for TD, SMEAN and HIA (likely to almost certain) in the lower national (3rd, 4th Brazilian) versus the top state division (1st São Paulo). Higher values for all variables were reported for the 1–4–3–3 versus the 1–4–4–2 formation (likely to almost certain). External defenders/midfielders and forwards reported greater values (likely to almost certain) versus central defenders/midfielders, especially in HIA. Linear regression analyses showed that playing position demonstrated a higher relative contribution to the variance in MRS (24%) and HIA (29%) compared to team formation (16% and 25%, respectively). In a Brazilian professional soccer team, match running performance was dependent upon competitive standard, playing formation and playing position

Parental attendance in two early-childhood training programmes to improve nurturing care: a randomized controlled trial

Parent training programmes have significant potential to improve the quality of children's early environments and thereby their development and life-course outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify and explain the extent to which parents engaged in two group-based training programmes, offered to high-risk families enrolled in a randomized controlled trial study called PIÁ in Southern Brazil. The programmes were: (1) ACT: Raising Safe Kids, a 9-week programme aiming to reduce harsh parenting and maltreatment and improve positive parenting practices; (2) Dialogic book-sharing (DBS), an 8-week programme aiming to promote parental sensitivity and improve child cognitive development and social understanding. Of the 123 mothers randomly allocated to the ACT programme, 64.2% (n = 79) completed the course, and of 124 mothers allocated to DBS, 76.6% (n = 95) completed the course. After the interventions, mothers were very positive about the experience of both programmes but highlighted practical difficulties in attending. In adjusted regression analyses, only two variables significantly predicted ACT course completion (maternal age and distance between the intervention site and household); no significant predictor was found for DBS attendance. We conclude that although high completion rates are possible, there are important challenges to engaging parents of young children in training programmes, and practical difficulties occurring during training courses may be more important for attendance than baseline participant characteristics