12 research outputs found

    ¿Nuevas familias? : explorando el potencial distintivo de construcciones discursivas en situaciones de homoparentalidad /

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    Suele decirse que las familias homoparentales son diversas, pues por tratarse de una unidad formada por dos personas del mismo sexo, ésta debiera diferenciarse de las familias heterosexuales. La cuestión es saber si basta con esta diferencia para asegurar la diversidad familiar en las familias homoparentales. Los efectos de la legalización de la estas familias nos enfrentan a la posibilidad de convertir la homoparentalidad en un mandato social y repetir la discriminación con aquellxs que no desean cumplir con el mandato. La normalización de la homoparentalidad, en vez de cambiar las cosas, podría terminar manteniéndolas igual. En esta tesis hemos cuestionado la homoparentalidad respecto de su capacidad para mantener o modificar el núcleo central de la familia heterosexual, a saber, la estructura binaria de género. Para ello hemos descrito las posiciones de sujeto (Davies & Harré, 1990) disponibles para la homoparentalidad, los argumentos que las sustentan y hemos analizado su potencial de cambio y reificación. Hemos trabajado con un total de 19 personas (lesbianas, gays y bisexuales), de edades entre 28 y 45 años, todxs pertenecientes a la Unión Europea. La recolección de información se desarrolló en función de entrevistas en profundidad semiestructuradas (Wilton, 2005), organizadas sobre la base de un guión temático flexible, que fue modificándose en la medida que emergían temas y problemáticas nuevas en el transcurso del trabajo de campo. El corpus de análisis quedó constituido por 17 conversaciones transcritas, que constituyen textos argumentativos (Toulmin, 1958 en Santibañez Yañez, 2002) y de las que se analizaron tanto los enunciados de las personas participantes, como los de la entrevistadora. Tanto el proceso de elaboración del guión temático así como sus modificaciones, nos llevaron a un trabajo de reflexión respecto de nuestras propios supuestos y nuestra pregunta de investigación. Para el análisis hemos tomado como marco epistemológico el socioconstruccionismo (Gergen, 1985; Gergen y Gergen, 2011) del que se desprende un papel activo de las prácticas discursivas en la construcción de realidades. Utilizamos análisis de discurso (AD), trabajando con Repertorios Interpretativos (Wetherell y Potter, 1988) y realizando análisis retórico (Gill y Whedbee, 1997, en van Dijk (Comp) 2000; Toulmin, 1958 en Santibañez, 2002). Los principales resultados de nuestra tesis, describen las cinco posiciones de sujeto que encontramos disponibles para la homoparentalidad: padre heterosexual/madre heterosexual, padre gay/padre heterosexual, madre lesbiana/madre heterosexual, lesbiana/mujer, buen gay/mal gay, así como los discursos que organizan sus ideologías: biológico, normativo y psicológico. Terminando esta tesis nos damos cuenta de que no hay una sola respuesta a nuestra pregunta de investigación. Las familias homoparentales son al mismo tiempo una forma de cuestionar el orden heteronormativo y una forma de reificarlo. Palabras clave: Homoparentalidad, Análisis de Discurso, Posiciones de Sujeto, Repertorios Interpretativos, Análisis RetóricoHomoparental families appear diverse just because they are formed by same-sex couples, but is this diferent enough to assure familiar diversity? The legalisation of same-sex marriage and its effects shows us that there is a chance that homoparenting becomes a social norm, thus discriminating lesbians and gays who would not fullfill that norm. Instead of changing the social order, the normalization of homoparenting could just maintain it. Through this tesis we have questioned homoparenting's capacity of maintaining or modifying the central core of heterosexual family: binary gender structure. For that we have described subject positions (Davies & Harré, 1990) available for homoparenting and their arguments, and we have analyzed their potential for change and reification. We have worked with 19 people (lesbian, gay and bisexual), from 28 to 45 years-old, living in the European Union. The information we worked with was colected through in-depth interviews (Wilton, 2005), using a flexible thematic script, which was modified through the field work. The analytic corpus was 17 conversations which were treated as argumentative texts (Toulmin, 1958 in Santibañez Yañez, 2002). We analyzed both the participants' propositions and our own. Through the process of elaboration of the tematic script and its modifications, we did a reflexive work about our own assumptions and research question. For the analysis we took a socioconstructionist point of view (Gergen, 1985; Gergen y Gergen, 2011), using discoursive analysis (DA) with Interpretative Repertoire elements (Wetherell & Potter, 1988), and rethoric analysis (Gill & Whedbee, 1997, in van Dijk (Comp) 2000; Toulmin, 1958 in Santibañez, 2002). The main results describe five subject positions available for homoparenting: heterosexual father/heterosexual mother, gay father/heterosexual father, lesbian mother/heterosexual mother, lesbian/woman, and good gay/bad gay. Additionally, three different discourses were found: bological, normative and psychological. Finally, we realise there is not just one answer to our question. Homoparental families are, at the same time, a way to question heteronormativity as well as a way to reificate it. Key words: Homoparenting, Discourse Analysis, Subject Positions, Interpretative Repertoir, Rethoric Analysi

    Uncovering Tumour Heterogeneity through PKR and nc886 Analysis in Metastatic Colon Cancer Patients Treated with 5-FU-Based Chemotherapy

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    Colorectal cancer treatment has advanced over the past decade. The drug 5-fluorouracil is still used with a wide percentage of patients who do not respond. Therefore, a challenge is the identification of predictive biomarkers. The protein kinase R (PKR also called EIF2AK2) and its regulator, the non-coding pre-mir-nc886, have multiple e ects on cells in response to numerous types of stress, including chemotherapy. In this work, we performed an ambispective study with 197 metastatic colon cancer patients with unresectable metastases to determine the relative expression levels of both nc886 and PKR by qPCR, as well as the location of PKR by immunohistochemistry in tumour samples and healthy tissues (plasma and colon epithelium). As primary end point, the expression levels were related to the objective response to first-line chemotherapy following the response evaluation criteria in solid tumours (RECIST) and, as the second end point, with survival at 18 and 36 months. Hierarchical agglomerative clustering was performed to accommodate the heterogeneity and complexity of oncological patients’ data. High expression levels of nc886 were related to the response to treatment and allowed to identify clusters of patients. Although the PKR mRNA expression was not associated with chemotherapy response, the absence of PKR location in the nucleolus was correlated with first-line chemotherapy response. Moreover, a relationship between survival and the expression of both PKR and nc886 in healthy tissues was found. Therefore, this work evaluated the best way to analyse the potential biomarkers PKR and nc886 in order to establish clusters of patients depending on the cancer outcomes using algorithms for complex and heterogeneous data.This research was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (DTS15/00174; PIE16-00045), by the Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad de la Junta de Andalucía and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), references SOMM17/6109/UGR (UCE-PP2017-3) and (PI-0441-2014), and by the Chair “Doctors Galera-Requena in cancer stem cell research” (CMC-CTS963). This research was also funded partially by RTI2018-098983-B-I00

    Biomarkers Associated with Regorafenib First-Line Treatment Benefits in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: REFRAME Molecular Study

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    © 2021 by the authors.First-line treatment with regorafenib in frail metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients has shown some benefit. To accurately identify such patients before treatment, we studied blood biomarkers and primary tumor molecules. We unveiled serum microRNAs (miRNAs), single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in angiogenic-related genes, and Notch 1 expression as biomarkers associated with response or toxicity. MicroRNA array profiling and genotyping of selected SNPs were performed in the blood of fragile mCRC patients treated with regorafenib. Notch 1 and CRC-associated miRNA expression was also analyzed in tumors. High levels of miR-185-5p in serum, rs7993418 in the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) gene, and Notch 1 expression in biopsies were associated with a favorable response to treatment. Serum levels of miR-126-3p and miR-152-3p and tumor expression of miR-92a-1-5p were associated with treatment toxicity, particularly interesting in patients exhibiting comorbidities, and high levels of miR-362-3p were associated with asthenia. Additionally, several miRNAs were associated with the presence of metastasis, local recurrence, and peritoneal metastasis. Besides, miRNAs determined in primary tumors were associated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging. The rs2305948 and rs699947 SNPs in VEGFR2 and VEGFA, respectively, were markers of poor prognosis correlating with locoregional relapse, a higher N stage, and metastatic shedding. In conclusion, VEGF and VEGFR SNPs, miRNAs, and Notch 1 levels are potential useful biomarkers for the management of advanced CRC under regorafenib treatment.Financial support for this research was provided by Bayer Hispania, which had no role in the design of the study; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; and the writing of the manuscript.Peer reviewe

    Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

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    This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

    ¿Nuevas familias? Explorando el potencial distintivo de construcciones discursivas en situaciones de homoparentalidad

    Get PDF
    Suele decirse que las familias homoparentales son diversas, pues por tratarse de una unidad formada por dos personas del mismo sexo, ésta debiera diferenciarse de las familias heterosexuales. La cuestión es saber si basta con esta diferencia para asegurar la diversidad familiar en las familias homoparentales. Los efectos de la legalización de la estas familias nos enfrentan a la posibilidad de convertir la homoparentalidad en un mandato social y repetir la discriminación con aquellxs que no desean cumplir con el mandato. La normalización de la homoparentalidad, en vez de cambiar las cosas, podría terminar manteniéndolas igual. En esta tesis hemos cuestionado la homoparentalidad respecto de su capacidad para mantener o modificar el núcleo central de la familia heterosexual, a saber, la estructura binaria de género. Para ello hemos descrito las posiciones de sujeto (Davies & Harré, 1990) disponibles para la homoparentalidad, los argumentos que las sustentan y hemos analizado su potencial de cambio y reificación. Hemos trabajado con un total de 19 personas (lesbianas, gays y bisexuales), de edades entre 28 y 45 años, todxs pertenecientes a la Unión Europea. La recolección de información se desarrolló en función de entrevistas en profundidad semiestructuradas (Wilton, 2005), organizadas sobre la base de un guión temático flexible, que fue modificándose en la medida que emergían temas y problemáticas nuevas en el transcurso del trabajo de campo. El corpus de análisis quedó constituido por 17 conversaciones transcritas, que constituyen textos argumentativos (Toulmin, 1958 en Santibañez Yañez, 2002) y de las que se analizaron tanto los enunciados de las personas participantes, como los de la entrevistadora. Tanto el proceso de elaboración del guión temático así como sus modificaciones, nos llevaron a un trabajo de reflexión respecto de nuestras propios supuestos y nuestra pregunta de investigación. Para el análisis hemos tomado como marco epistemológico el socioconstruccionismo (Gergen, 1985; Gergen y Gergen, 2011) del que se desprende un papel activo de las prácticas discursivas en la construcción de realidades. Utilizamos análisis de discurso (AD), trabajando con Repertorios Interpretativos (Wetherell y Potter, 1988) y realizando análisis retórico (Gill y Whedbee, 1997, en van Dijk (Comp) 2000; Toulmin, 1958 en Santibañez, 2002). Los principales resultados de nuestra tesis, describen las cinco posiciones de sujeto que encontramos disponibles para la homoparentalidad: padre heterosexual/madre heterosexual, padre gay/padre heterosexual, madre lesbiana/madre heterosexual, lesbiana/mujer, buen gay/mal gay, así como los discursos que organizan sus ideologías: biológico, normativo y psicológico. Terminando esta tesis nos damos cuenta de que no hay una sola respuesta a nuestra pregunta de investigación. Las familias homoparentales son al mismo tiempo una forma de cuestionar el orden heteronormativo y una forma de reificarlo. Palabras clave: Homoparentalidad, Análisis de Discurso, Posiciones de Sujeto, Repertorios Interpretativos, Análisis RetóricoHomoparental families appear diverse just because they are formed by same-sex couples, but is this diferent enough to assure familiar diversity? The legalisation of same-sex marriage and its effects shows us that there is a chance that homoparenting becomes a social norm, thus discriminating lesbians and gays who would not fullfill that norm. Instead of changing the social order, the normalization of homoparenting could just maintain it. Through this tesis we have questioned homoparenting's capacity of maintaining or modifying the central core of heterosexual family: binary gender structure. For that we have described subject positions (Davies & Harré, 1990) available for homoparenting and their arguments, and we have analyzed their potential for change and reification. We have worked with 19 people (lesbian, gay and bisexual), from 28 to 45 years-old, living in the European Union. The information we worked with was colected through in-depth interviews (Wilton, 2005), using a flexible thematic script, which was modified through the field work. The analytic corpus was 17 conversations which were treated as argumentative texts (Toulmin, 1958 in Santibañez Yañez, 2002). We analyzed both the participants' propositions and our own. Through the process of elaboration of the tematic script and its modifications, we did a reflexive work about our own assumptions and research question. For the analysis we took a socioconstructionist point of view (Gergen, 1985; Gergen y Gergen, 2011), using discoursive analysis (DA) with Interpretative Repertoire elements (Wetherell & Potter, 1988), and rethoric analysis (Gill & Whedbee, 1997, in van Dijk (Comp) 2000; Toulmin, 1958 in Santibañez, 2002). The main results describe five subject positions available for homoparenting: heterosexual father/heterosexual mother, gay father/heterosexual father, lesbian mother/heterosexual mother, lesbian/woman, and good gay/bad gay. Additionally, three different discourses were found: bological, normative and psychological. Finally, we realise there is not just one answer to our question. Homoparental families are, at the same time, a way to question heteronormativity as well as a way to reificate it. Key words: Homoparenting, Discourse Analysis, Subject Positions, Interpretative Repertoir, Rethoric Analysi
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