Diagnóstico do meio físico da bacia hidrográfica do Rio do Imbé - RJ: aplicação de metodologia integrada como subsídio ao manejo de microbacias.

O Diagnóstico do Meio Físico da Bacia do Rio do Imbé (BHRI) integra os estudos que subsidiam o projeto Manejo Sustentável de Recursos Naturais em Microbacias do Norte-Noroeste Fluminense - SMH-SEAAPI/GEF (Global Enviroment Facility), cujo principal objetivo é apoiar produtores rurais de base familiar na autogestão dos recursos naturais, visando o desenvolvimento rural baseado em um modelo de agricultura socioambientalmente sustentável. A metodologia adotada partiu da integração da base cartográfica e dos dados digitais de mapeamentos temáticos do meio físico (clima, recursos hídricos, geologia, geomorfologia, solos e uso e ocupação das terras). Adotou-se no presente estudo a escala 1:250.000, compatível com a maioria dos dados secundários, que foram transformados para uma mesma projeção cartográfica e inseridos em uma base de dados digital. Inicialmente, foi realizada a síntese dos dados de solos e geomorfologia para a identificação e delimitação de unidades morfopedológicas. Em seguida, essas unidades foram agrupadas em seis zonas agroecológicas, considerando as potencialidades e fragilidades dos recursos naturais, os padrões de uso e o estado de degradação das terras. As zonas foram descritas e caracterizadas com base no conjunto de dados temáticos disponível e complementados com as informações levantadas em campo. O trabalho de campo foi orientado para verificação da diversidade dos aspectos físicos, das atividades antrópicas e dos problemas de degradação e conflitos relacionados ao uso dos recursos naturais. Foram considerados ainda o histórico socioeconômico e ambiental da região e a percepção dos atores locais com relação aos aspectos mencionados. Os resultados evidenciaram que a BHRI, face à singular interação dos aspectos fisiográficos e antrópicos, possui uma diversidade ambiental contrastante, apresentando diferentes potencialidades de uso e níveis de fragilidade. Contudo, o diagnóstico do meio físico, obtido segundo a metodologia apresentada, poderá constituir-se em um instrumento importante para subsidiar a tomada de decisões no que se refere às estratégias de planejamento, manejo adequado, monitoramento e avaliação dos recursos naturais, a serem adotados pelo projeto

IKZF1 Deletions with COBL Breakpoints Are Not Driven by RAG-Mediated Recombination Events in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

IKZF1 deletion (ΔIKZF1) is an important predictor of relapse in both childhood and adult B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Previously, we revealed that COBL is a hotspot for breakpoints in leukemia and could promote IKZF1 deletions. Through an international collaboration, we provide a detailed genetic and clinical picture of B-ALL with COBL rearrangements (COBL-r). Patients with B-ALL and IKZF1 deletion (n = 133) were included. IKZF1 ∆1-8 were associated with large alterations within chromosome 7: monosomy 7 (18%), isochromosome 7q (10%), 7p loss (19%), and interstitial deletions (53%). The latter included COBL-r, which were found in 12% of the IKZF1 ∆1-8 cohort. Patients with COBL-r are mostly classified as intermediate cytogenetic risk and frequently harbor ETV6, PAX5, CDKN2A/B deletions. Overall, 56% of breakpoints were located within COBL intron 5. Cryptic recombination signal sequence motifs were broadly distributed within the sequence of COBL, and no enrichment for the breakpoint cluster region was found. In summary, a diverse spectrum of alterations characterizes ΔIKZF1 and they also include deletion breakpoints within COBL. We confirmed that COBL is a hotspot associated with ΔIKZF1, but these rearrangements are not driven by RAG-mediated recombination

Diagnóstico do meio físico das bacias hidrográficas do entorno da Mata do Carvão (BHMC), Noroeste do Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

bitstream/CNPS-2010/14876/1/doc78-2005-mata-carvao.pd

The lack of knowledge on acute stroke in Brazil: A cross-sectional study with children, adolescents, and adults from public schools

Objective: Stroke is an important cause of disability and death in adults worldwide. However, it is preventable in most cases and treatable as long as patients recognize it and reach capable medical facilities in time. This community-based study investigated students' stroke knowledge, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) activation, associated risk factors, warning signs and symptoms, and prior experience from different educational levels in the KIDS SAVE LIVES BRAZIL project. Methods: The authors conducted the survey with a structured questionnaire in 2019‒2020. Results: Students from the elementary-school (n = 1187, ∼13 y.o., prior experience: 14%, 51% women), high-school (n = 806, ∼17 y.o., prior experience: 13%, 47% women) and University (n = 1961, ∼22 y.o., prior experience: 9%, 66% women) completed the survey. Among the students, the awareness of stroke general knowledge, associated risk factors, and warning signs and symptoms varied between 42%‒66%. When stimulated, less than 52% of the students associated stroke with hypercholesterolemia, smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. When stimulated, 62%‒65% of students recognized arm weakness, facial drooping, and speech difficulty; only fewer identified acute headache (43%). Interestingly, 67% knew the EMS number; 81% wanted to have stroke education at school, and ∼75% wanted it mandatory. Women, higher education, and prior experience were associated with higher scores of knowing risk factors (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.10‒1.48; OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.87‒2.40; OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.16‒1.83; respectively), and warning signs- symptoms (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.89‒2.60; OR = 3.30, 95% CI: 2.81‒3.87; OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.58‒2.63; respectively). Conclusion: Having higher education, prior experience, and being a woman increases stroke-associated risk factors, and warning signs and symptoms identification. Schoolchildren and adolescents should be the main target population for stroke awareness

Identification and quantification of microplastics in wastewater using focal plane array-based reflectance micro-FT-IR imaging

Microplastics (<5 mm) have been documented in environmental samples on a global scale. While these pollutants may enter aquatic environments via wastewater treatment facilities, the abundance of microplastics in these matrices has not been investigated. Although efficient methods for the analysis of microplastics in sediment samples and marine organisms have been published, no methods have been developed for detecting these pollutants within organic-rich wastewater samples. In addition, there is no standardized method for analyzing microplastics isolated from environmental samples. In many cases, part of the identification protocol relies on visual selection before analysis, which is open to bias. In order to address this, a new method for the analysis of microplastics in wastewater was developed. A pretreatment step using 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was employed to remove biogenic material, and focal plane array (FPA)-based reflectance micro-Fourier-transform (FT-IR) imaging was shown to successfully image and identify different microplastic types (polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon-6, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene). Microplastic-spiked wastewater samples were used to validate the methodology, resulting in a robust protocol which was nonselective and reproducible (the overall success identification rate was 98.33%). The use of FPA-based micro-FT-IR spectroscopy also provides a considerable reduction in analysis time compared with previous methods, since samples that could take several days to be mapped using a single-element detector can now be imaged in less than 9 h (circular filter with a diameter of 47 mm). This method for identifying and quantifying microplastics in wastewater is likely to provide an essential tool for further research into the pathways by which microplastics enter the environment.This work is funded by a NERC (Natural Environment Research Council) CASE studentship (NE/K007521/1) with contribution from industrial partner Fera Science Ltd., United Kingdom. The authors would like to thank Peter Vale, from Severn Trent Water Ltd, for providing access to and additionally Ashley Howkins (Brunel University London) for providing travel and assistance with the sampling of the Severn Trent wastewater treatment plant in Derbyshire, UK. We are grateful to Emma Bradley and Chris Sinclair for providing helpful suggestions for our research

Qualidade de água e sua relação espacial com as fontes de contaminação antrópicas e naturais: bacia hidrográfica do Rio São Domingos - RJ.

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade das águas da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São Domingos (BHRSD), correlacionando-a com as possíveis fontes poluidoras advindas das características naturais e antrópicas da área. Alguns parâmetros físico-químicos foram analisados em 65 pontos (superficiais e subterrâneos) de amostragem. Os resultados foram confrontados com os limites estabelecidos pelas Resoluções CONAMA 357/05 (classe 2), que trata das águas superficiais, e CONAMA 396/08 (consumo humano), que contempla as águas subterrâneas. Foram analisados diversos cátions e ânions, temperatura, alcalinidade, pH, condutividade elétrica (CE), sólidos totais dissolvidos (STD), oxigênio dissolvido (OD), demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO), coliformes termotolerantes e alguns agrotóxicos organoclorados e organofosforados. Os parâmetros que apresentaram inconformidades, com maior frequência, foram: alumínio dissolvido, boro total, ferro dissolvido, manganês total, nitratos, pH, OD, DBO e alguns organoclorados e organofosforados. Embora a área esteja situada em terreno cristalino tropical úmido, o que pode justificar os teores elevados de alumínio, manganês e ferro, os resultados apontam que o comprometimento da qualidade das águas da BHRSD é influenciado pela prática agrícola

Potassium Levels, Sources and Time of Application on Nutrient Uptake and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

The present study on potassium levels, sources and time of application on nutrient uptake and nutrient use efficiency of onion var. ArkaKalyan was carried out at the College of Horticulture, Bagalkot, Karnataka during Kharif season of 2015 and 2016. The uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc recorded significantly in 200 per cent RDK (203.62, 47.33, 236.36 kg ha-1 and 347.19 g ha-1 , respectively) over 100 per cent RDK. Among the potassium sources, SOP recorded higher nitrogen and phosphorus, potassium and zinc uptake (171.02 and 40.29, 197.73 kg ha-1 and 264.02 g ha-1 respectively) over MOP. The higher nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc uptake was recorded significantly in application of 50 per cent potassium at transplanting and 50 per cent at 30 DAT (168.52, 39.74, 195.69 kg ha-1 and 289.76 g ha-1 ) over 100 per cent potassium at transplanting (157.90, 37.03, 187.23 kg ha-1 and 277.73 g ha-1 ). Significantly higher nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency was recorded in 200 per cent RDK (162.90 and 63.10%, respectively) over 100 per cent RDK. The higher potassium use efficiency on the contrary was recorded in 100 per cent RDK (121.18%) over 125, 150, 175 and 200 per cent RDK. Among the potassium sources, SOP recorded higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium use efficiency of onion plant (136.82, 53.72 and 107.89%, respectively) over MOP. The higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium use efficiency was recorded significantly in application of 50 per cent potassium at transplanting and 50 per cent at 30 DAT (134.82, 52.99 and 106.68%) over 100 per cent potassium at transplanting (126.31, 49.37 and 102.0%)