Effect of Laser Surface Treatment on Mechanical Properties of CK45 Steel

The research aims to study the effect of laser surface treatment on mechanical properties of CK45 steel which is widely used in Bolts, Axles Various,Connecting Rods and Hydraulic clamps. Trails of laser hardening were carried out by using CW Nd: YAG laser with different powers 2.7, 3.3, and 4.3 Watt. Mechanical tests were done for the specimens who were used in the research before and after treated by laser such as: Tensile test, Micro hardness. Also grain size measurement and microstructural evaluation were done by using computerized optical microscope. The results show that improvement in mechanical properties at laser power 4.3 watt obviously when compared with other laser powers. From tensile test we show that increasing in yield strength, ultimate tensile strength Poisson's ratio and plasticity constant (k). Also decreasing in Young modulus, Rigidity of modulus and strain hardening coefficient (n). While microhardness results show that the highest value was obtained at laser with 4.3 watt power and decreased far from the surface. Metallographic of the specimen show that refining in grains size after the treatment with laser

OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE ORAL STRIP FOR PEDIATRIC USE

Objective: The goal of performing this study is to prepare an oral strip, especially designed for pediatric use that provides fast onset of action with ease of swallowing particularly for young individuals who suffer from difficulty of swallowing, in addition provides maximum therapeutic effectiveness by reducing the first pass effect.Materials and Methods: The oral strip was prepared by solvent casting technique through using different sole polymers (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose [HPMC] 15cp, HPMC 50cp, polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose). Maltodextrin (MD) was added as the secondary polymer in different ratios to optimize the release parameters, and disintegration time (DT), three different plasticizers were employed (propylene glycol, dibutyl phthalate, and glycerin) to boost the film forming polymer characteristics.Results: From this study, it is obvious that F10 which composed of HPMC as a main polymer and MD as a secondary polymer in ratio 2:1, respectively, provides adequate physicochemical characteristics, in vivo/in vitro DT (40/36 s), respectively, nevertheless a satisfactory release parameters as (59.9%) released at 2 min and 80% of drug released at 14.8 min.Conclusion: The optimized formula is pretty encouraging to originate an oral strip that provides ease of administration, fast onset of action with wide acceptance for the pediatric population

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTION IN WOMEN AND THE PRESENCE OF CARDIOLIPIN AND PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODIES

IgG and IgM cardiolipin and phospholipid antibodies were measured, by an ELISA technique, in the sera of patients with toxoplasmosis. Immunological methods for autoantibodies had been applied by ELISA. Regarding Anti-cardiolipin it was revealed that 24.7% of toxoplasmosis cases versus 0% of control group showed significant positive result (P=0.0412) . Whereas, 12.5% of toxoplasmosis patients and 12% of healthy controls had anti-cardiolipin antibodies, with no significant differences (P=0.554) between these two groups

Gama-Fe2O3 silica-coated 2-(2-benzothiazolyl azo)-4-methoxyaniline for supercapacitive performance

Magnetic g-Fe2O3@SiO2 core-shell nanocomposite was prepared using Stöber method and functionalized firstly by isopropenyloxytrimethylsilane as a coupling agent to enter active acetylacetone on the surface of nanoparticles, and after that by the synthesized azo dye ligand, 2-(2-benzothiazolyl azo)-4-methoxyaniline. In such a way, g-Fe2O3@SiO2-azo dye hybrid nanocomposite was formed. The structure of the synthesized azo dye was evidenced by physical and chemical analysis using melting point, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), CHNS elemental analysis, proton nuclear magnetic reso­nan­ce (HNMR) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The magnetic proper­ties, structure, element composition and morphology characterization of prepared mate­rials (g-Fe2O3, g-Fe2O3@SiO2, and g-Fe2O3@SiO2-azo dye) were investigated by vib­rating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM) and field electron scanning electron micro­scopy-energy dispersive X-ray-mapping techniques. The electrochemical perfor­mance of synthe­sized g-Fe2O3, g-Fe2O3@SiO2, and g-Fe2O3@SiO2-2-(2-benzothiazolyl azo)-4-methoxy­aniline) electrodes were carried out using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galva­nostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It was shown that the finally prepared g-Fe2O3@SiO2-2-(2-benzothiazolyl azo)-4-methoxy­aniline) hybrid nano­composite electrode possesses good storage charge capability of 580 F g-1 at 1 A g-1

Financial Development, Trade Openness and Economic Growth: Evidence from Sultanate of Oman (1972-2012)

There is a huge debate on the impact of financial development and trade openness on the economic growth. Accordingly, this study investigated the role of financial development, trade openness on economic growth in a small and open country i.e., Sultanate of Oman during the period 1972-2012. We apply the recently developed econometric techniques: namely the unit root tests for stationarity, Johansen and Juselius (JJ) for cointegration in VAR framework and Granger causality test for causal relationships in addition, variance decomposition analyses (VDC) based on VAR results is computed in order to address the question of causality between trade openness, financial development and economic growth beyond the selected time span. The Granger causality test indicates unidirectional causality from economic growth to financial development, while empirical results derived from VDCs show that trade openness shock is the most important source of shock to GDP and financial development. Indicating unidirectional causality running from trade openness to the other two series. Shock to trade openness is important sources of variability for its own at first, but this self-effect diminishes in a very small portion. Our finding indicates that economic policies aimed at trade openness have a statistically significant impact on financial development and economic growth. Keywords: Financial Development, Trade Openness, Economic Growth, VAR, Variance Decomposition, Impulse Response Function, Sultanate of Oma

Spectrophotometric Determination of Amoxicillin Using New Organic Reagent <i>via</i> Different Analytical Methods

New and simple spectrophotometric method was applied for amoxicillin determination by oxidative coupling with an organic reagent 1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(5-(4-nitrophenyl)-furan-2-yl)-yl)-prop-2-en-1-one (H) to form an orange colored dye with λmax of 490 nm. The molecular structure of the new compound H was characterized using spectral analysis including 1H-NMR, FTIR, Mass spectroscopy, and UV-visible. The concentration range of oxidative coupling obeyed Beer's law was 2–50 μg/mL, the correlation coefficient was 0.9995, molar absorptivity was 0.63 × 104 L/mol cm, and the detection limit was 0.189 μg/mL. The concentration range of flow injection obeyed Beer's law was 1–150 μg/mL, the correlation coefficient was 0.9994, molar absorptivity was 0.295 × 104 L/mol cm, and the detection limit was 0.407 μg/mL. The proposed method was successfully applied in pharmaceutical formulation for amoxicillin determination. The results showed that amoxicillin could be reacted with a new compound H in the alkaline medium in the presence of oxidative agent NaIO4 and automated by flow injection analysis. The proposed methods have the advantage of simple, fast, very sensitive, good precision and accuracy. The suggested technique was effectively used to estimate amoxicillin in both its pure form and pharmaceutical formulations

A Novel Classification of Uncertain Stream Data using Ant Colony Optimization Based on Radial Basis Function

There are many potential sources of data uncertainty, such as imperfect measurement or sampling, intrusive environmental monitoring, unreliable sensor networks, and inaccurate medical diagnoses. To avoid unintended results, data mining from new applications like sensors and location-based services needs to be done with care. When attempting to classify data with a high degree of uncertainty, many researchers have turned to heuristic approaches and machine learning (ML) methods. We propose an entirely new ML method in this paper by fusing the Radial Basis Function (RBF) network based on ant colony optimization (ACO). After introducing a large amount of uncertainty into a dataset, we normalize the data and finish training on clean data. The ant colony optimization algorithm is then used to train a recurrent neural network. Finally, we evaluate our proposed method against some of the most popular ML methods, including a k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, random forest, decision tree, logistic regression, and extreme gradient boosting (Xgboost). Error metrics show that our model significantly outperforms the gold standard and other popular ML methods. Using industry-standard performance metrics, the results of our experiments show that our proposed method does a better job of classifying uncertain data than other method

Implantable slot antenna with substrate integrated waveguide for biomedical applications

This work presents a new design of capsule slot antenna with substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) for wireless body area networks (WBANs) operating at the range of (2.5-4 GHz) which is located in the body area networks (BAN) standard in IEEE802.15.6. The proposed antenna was designed for WBANs. The substrate is assumed to be from Rogers 5880 with relative permittivity of 2.2, and thickness of 0.787 mm. The ground and the patch are created from annealed copper while the capsule is assumed to be a plastic material of medical grade polycarbonate. The antenna designed and summited using computer simulation technology (CST) software. A CST voxel model was used to study the performance of SIW capsule antenna and the ability of the band (2.5-4 GHz). Results indicated a wide bandwidth of 1.5 GHz between the range of (2.5-4) GHz at 3.3 GHz as center frequency, with return loss with more than -24.52 dB, a gain of -18.2 dB, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.17, and front-to-back ratio (FBR) of 10.07 dB. Through simulation, all considerable parameters associated with the proposed antenna including return loss, bandwidth, operating frequency, VSWR less than 2, radiation pattern were examined. Regarding size, gain, and frequency band, the proposed antenna is located with the standards of implantable medical devices (IMDs)

One Parameter Composite Semigroups of Linear Bounded Operators in Strong Operator Topology of Schatten Class Cp

For semigroups of linear bounded operators on Hilbert spaces, the problem of being in Cp , 0 Keyword