Multiplicity Distributions and Charged-neutral Fluctuations

Results from the multiplicity distributions of inclusive photons and charged particles, scaling of particle multiplicities, event-by-event multiplicity fluctuations, and charged-neutral fluctuations in 158$\cdot A$ GeV Pb+Pb collisions are presented and discussed. A scaling of charged particle multiplicity as $N_{part}^{1.07\pm 0.05}$ and photons as $N_{part}^{1.12\pm 0.03}$ have been observed, indicating violation of naive wounded nucleon model. The analysis of localized charged-neutral fluctuation indicates a model-independent demonstration of non-statistical fluctuations in both charged particles and photons in limited azimuthal regions. However, no correlated charged-neutral fluctuations are observed.Comment: Talk given at the International Symposium on Nuclear Physics (ISNP-2000), Mumbai, India, 18-22 Dec 2000, Proceedings to be published in Pramana, Journal of Physic

Fabrication and electrochemical performance of a stable, anode supported thin BaCe0.4Zr0.4Y0.2O3-delta electrolyte Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cell

The present work deals with the fabrication and electrochemical characterisation of a potential protonic ceramic fuel cell based on a Ni-BaZr0.85Y0.15O3-delta anode supported thin film proton conducting BaCeo(4)Zr(0.4)Y(0.2)O(3-delta) electrolyte with a Pr2NiO4+delta cathode. Anode and electrolyte materials were prepared by an acetate-H2O2 combustion method. A thin (similar to 5 mu m), dense and crack free BaCe0.4Zr0.4Y0.2O3-delta electrolyte film was successfully obtained on a porous anode support by spin coating and firing at 1450 degrees C. Maximum power densities of 234, 158, 102 and 63 mW cm-2 at 700, 650, 600 and 550 degrees C, respectively were achieved for the Ni-BaZr0.85Y0.15O3-delta/BaCe0.4Zr0.4Y0.2O3-delta/Pr2NiO4+delta single cell under fuel cell testing conditions. Electrode polarisation resistance was assessed at open circuit conditions by use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and is shown to dominate the area specific resistance at low temperatures. Postmortem analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), reveals that no delamination occurs at anode/electrolyte or electrolyte/cathode interfaces upon cell operation. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Electrochemical Deposition and Dissolution of Alloys and Metal Composites—Fundamental Aspects

It is general experience in materials science that alloys can exhibit qualities that are unobtainable with the parent metals. This is true of electroplated deposits as well. Thus, such properties as hardness, tensile strength, ductility, Young’s modulus, density, corrosion resistance, solderability, wear resistance, and antifriction service may be enhanced. Also, special properties not exhibited by the parent metals can be obtained, such as high magnetic permeability or other desired magnetic and electrical properties, amorphous structure, etc. Alloy plates may be more suitable than the parent metals for subsequent electroplate overlays and conversion chemical treatments