2,506 research outputs found
La ortopodologÃa en el sÃndrome de Apert
Los autores describen las caracterÃsticas morfológicas y funcionales del pie y de la marcha de un niño afectado de un sÃndrome de Apert. Asimismo proponen varios tratamientos ortopodológicos, y describen su diseño, confección y aplicación con las técnicas: TAD y sobre molde positivo
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Theoretical and experimental analysis of the photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy spectra of -plane InGaN/GaN quantum wells
We present a combined theoretical and experimental analysis of the optical properties of -plane InGaN/GaN quantum wells. The sample was studied by photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy at low temperature. The spectra show a large Stokes shift between the lowest exciton peak in the excitation spectra and the peak of the photoluminescence spectrum. This behavior is indicative of strong carrier localization effects. These experimental results are complemented by tight-binding calculations, accounting for random alloy fluctuations and Coulomb effects. The theoretical data explain the main features of the experimental spectra. Moreover, by comparison with calculations based on a virtual crystal approximation, the importance of carrier localization effects due to random alloy fluctuations is explicitly shown.This work was supported by Science Foundation Ireland (Project No. 13/SIRG/2210) and the United Kingdom Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (Grant Agreement Nos. EP\J001627\1 and EP\J003603\1). S.S. acknowledges computing resources provided by the SFI/HEA Irish Centre for High-End Computing. R.A.O. and F.T. acknowledge the support of the European Research Council under the European Community's 7th Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013)/ERC Grant Agreement No. 279361 (MACONS)
Double Hypernuclei and the Nuclear Medium Effective Interaction
We fit the interaction in the nuclear medium to the
masses of the experimentally known double- hypernuclei:
He, Be and
B. We derive this effective interaction from OBE
J\"ulich -type potentials and using both Hartree-Fock and
variational approaches. We find that the inclusion of
correlations in the variational scheme leads to significant differences and a
better understanding of the dynamical features of the system. We investigate
the sensitivity of the binding energies and the mesonic decay widths of the
above double- hypernuclei to the coupling and
the form factor at the vertex.
We also use this effective interaction to predict binding energies and pionic
decay widths of heavier double- hypernuclei, not discovered yet.
Finally, we discard the existence of bound states
provided the coupling can be neglected.Comment: 49 pages, LaTeX + 8 ps-figure file
Relación entre el engagement por uso de redes sociales y la práctica de ejercicio fÃsico en los centros deportivos municipales de Barcelona
Introducción. El presente estudio analiza el uso de las redes sociales por parte de los centros deportivos municipales (CEM) de Barcelona y como esto puede relacionarse con la práctica de ejercicio fÃsico. MetodologÃa. Se calculó el engagement de los centros deportivos municipales de Barcelona mediante el registro de las interacciones en sus redes sociales (Facebook y Twitter), para luego determinar la relación existente entre el engagement y la práctica de ejercicio fÃsico en Barcelona. Resultados. Los datos muestran que existe una relación positiva entre el engagement y la práctica de actividad fÃsica. Además, se identifica que los likes de Facebook determinaron la mayor relación. Discusión y conclusiones. A pesar de que la recogida de datos fue muy acotada (82 dÃas), se recomienda que los centros deportivos gestionen la comunicación mediante redes sociales y presten atención en como involucrar a los usuarios
Balancing the dilution and oddity effects: Decisions depend on body size
Background Grouping behaviour, common across the animal kingdom, is known to reduce an individual's risk of predation; particularly through dilution of individual risk and predator confusion (predator inability to single out an individual for attack). Theory predicts greater risk of predation to individuals more conspicuous to predators by difference in appearance from the group (the ‘oddity’ effect). Thus, animals should choose group mates close in appearance to themselves (eg. similar size), whilst also choosing a large group. Methodology and Principal Findings We used the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata), a well known model species of group-living freshwater fish, in a series of binary choice trials investigating the outcome of conflict between preferences for large and phenotypically matched groups along a predation risk gradient. We found body-size dependent differences in the resultant social decisions. Large fish preferred shoaling with size-matched individuals, while small fish demonstrated no preference. There was a trend towards reduced preferences for the matched shoal under increased predation risk. Small fish were more active than large fish, moving between shoals more frequently. Activity levels increased as predation risk decreased. We found no effect of unmatched shoal size on preferences or activity. Conclusions and Significance Our results suggest that predation risk and individual body size act together to influence shoaling decisions. Oddity was more important for large than small fish, reducing in importance at higher predation risks. Dilution was potentially of limited importance at these shoal sizes. Activity levels may relate to how much sampling of each shoal was needed by the test fish during decision making. Predation pressure may select for better decision makers to survive to larger size, or that older, larger fish have learned to make shoaling decisions more efficiently, and this, combined with their size relative to shoal-mates, and attractiveness as prey items influences shoaling decisions
Machine-learning of atomic-scale properties based on physical principles
We briefly summarize the kernel regression approach, as used recently in
materials modelling, to fitting functions, particularly potential energy
surfaces, and highlight how the linear algebra framework can be used to both
predict and train from linear functionals of the potential energy, such as the
total energy and atomic forces. We then give a detailed account of the Smooth
Overlap of Atomic Positions (SOAP) representation and kernel, showing how it
arises from an abstract representation of smooth atomic densities, and how it
is related to several popular density-based representations of atomic
structure. We also discuss recent generalisations that allow fine control of
correlations between different atomic species, prediction and fitting of
tensorial properties, and also how to construct structural kernels---applicable
to comparing entire molecules or periodic systems---that go beyond an additive
combination of local environments
Spatial Guilds in the Serengeti Food Web Revealed by a Bayesian Group Model
Food webs, networks of feeding relationships among organisms, provide
fundamental insights into mechanisms that determine ecosystem stability and
persistence. Despite long-standing interest in the compartmental structure of
food webs, past network analyses of food webs have been constrained by a
standard definition of compartments, or modules, that requires many links
within compartments and few links between them. Empirical analyses have been
further limited by low-resolution data for primary producers. In this paper, we
present a Bayesian computational method for identifying group structure in food
webs using a flexible definition of a group that can describe both functional
roles and standard compartments. The Serengeti ecosystem provides an
opportunity to examine structure in a newly compiled food web that includes
species-level resolution among plants, allowing us to address whether groups in
the food web correspond to tightly-connected compartments or functional groups,
and whether network structure reflects spatial or trophic organization, or a
combination of the two. We have compiled the major mammalian and plant
components of the Serengeti food web from published literature, and we infer
its group structure using our method. We find that network structure
corresponds to spatially distinct plant groups coupled at higher trophic levels
by groups of herbivores, which are in turn coupled by carnivore groups. Thus
the group structure of the Serengeti web represents a mixture of trophic guild
structure and spatial patterns, in contrast to the standard compartments
typically identified in ecological networks. From data consisting only of nodes
and links, the group structure that emerges supports recent ideas on spatial
coupling and energy channels in ecosystems that have been proposed as important
for persistence.Comment: 28 pages, 6 figures (+ 3 supporting), 2 tables (+ 4 supporting
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