618 research outputs found
Loop bounds on non-standard neutrino interactions
We reconsider the bounds on non-standard neutrino interactions with matter
which can be derived by constraining the four-charged-lepton operators induced
at the loop level. We find that these bounds are model dependent. Naturalness
arguments can lead to much stronger constraints than those presented in
previous studies, while no completely model-independent bounds can be derived.
We will illustrate how large loop-contributions to four-charged-lepton
operators are induced within a particular model that realizes gauge invariant
non-standard interactions and discuss conditions to avoid these bounds. These
considerations mainly affect the constraint on the
non-standard coupling strength \eps_{e\mu}, which is lost. The only
model-independent constraints that can be derived are .
However, significant cancellations are required in order to saturate this
bound.Comment: Minor changes, version to be published in JHEP. 17 pages, 3 Axodraw
figures, REVTeX
Black diholes in five dimensions
Using a generalized Weyl formalism, we show how stationary, axisymmetric
solutions of the four-dimensional vacuum Einstein equation can be turned into
static, axisymmetric solutions of five-dimensional dilaton gravity coupled to a
two-form gauge field. This procedure is then used to obtain new solutions of
the latter theory describing pairs of extremal magnetic black holes with
opposite charges, known as black diholes. These diholes are kept in static
equilibrium by membrane-like conical singularities stretching along two
different directions. We also present solutions describing diholes suspended in
a background magnetic field, and with unbalanced charges.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figures; reference adde
Systematics of the Quadrupole-Quadrupole Interaction and Convergence Properties
Our main concern in this work is to show how higher shell admixtures affect
the spectrum of a Q.Q interaction. We first review how, in the valence space,
the familiar SU(3) result for the energy spectrum can be obtained using a
coordinate space Q.Q interaction rather than the Elliott one which is symmetric
in r and p. We then reemphasize that the Elliott spectrum goes as L(L+1) where
L is the orbital angular momentum. While in many cases this is compatible with
the rotational formula which involves I(I+1), where I is the total angular
momentum, there are cases, e.g. odd-odd nuclei, where there is disagreement.
Finally, we consider higher shell admixtures and devise a scheme so as to
obtain results, with the Q.Q interaction, which converge as the model spaces
are increased. We consider not only ground state rotational bands but also
those that involve intruder states.Comment: 13 pages, Revtex, to appear in Annals of Physic
A Model to Predict the Heat Transfer Coefficient at the Casting-Die Interface for the High Pressure Die Casting Process
A model is presented for the prediction of the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) at the casting-die interface as a function of time for the high pressure die casting process. Contact geometry and interface characteristics are included in the model through die surface roughness, the mean trapped air layer between the casting and the die, the parameters of area density and the radius of contact spots. The density and the radius of contact spots are integrated into a classical thermal flux tube theory in order to calculate HTC at the casting-die interface. The time dependence of the HTC is derived in terms of the degradation of contact between the casting and the die that occurs during solidification. The calculated HTC is found to agree well with the experimentally determined results for different casting conditions. The presented model provides a valuable tool to predict the effect of various casting process parameters, die surface roughness, casting quality and thickness on the HTC during the high pressure die casting process
An evaluation of the site specificity of soil elemental signatures for identifying and interpreting former functional areas
Soil multi-element analysis is now a routine technique employed to help answer questions about space use and function in and around archaeological sites. The pattern of enhancement of certain elements, including P, Pb, Ca, Zn, and Cu, has been shown by numerous studies to correlate closely with the archaeological and historical record. Interpretation of these soil signatures, however, has generally been more problematic. One approach to the problem has been the use of ethnographic or “known” sites to guide interpretation, but how confidently can results from one site be extrapolated to another? This study of abandoned farms tests the site specificity of soil multi-element signatures of past space use through the use of discriminant models. Data analysis suggests that one to one comparisons of similar sites are much less accurate (38% accuracy) than comparisons based on a wider range of sites (59.3% accuracy), even when the latter have contrasting geology. The results highlight the importance of individual anthropogenic practices during occupation and abandonment in the development of diagnostic soil geochemical signatures
Large scale quantum simulations: C_60 impacts on a semiconducting surface
We present tight binding molecular dynamics simulations of C_60 collisions on
the reconstructed diamond(111) surface, carried out with an O(N) method and
with cells containing 1140 atoms. The results of our simulations are in very
good agreement with experiments performed under the same impact conditions.
Furthermore our calculations provide a detailed characterization of the
microscopic processes occuring during the collision, and allow the
identification of three impact regimes, as a function of the fullerene incident
energy. Finally, the study of the reactivity between the cluster and the
surface gives insight into the deposition mechanisms of C_60 on semiconducting
substrates
From weak-scale observables to leptogenesis
Thermal leptogenesis is an attractive mechanism for generating the baryon
asymmetry of the Universe. However, in supersymmetric models, the parameter
space is severely restricted by the gravitino bound on the reheat temperature
. For hierarchical light neutrino masses, it is shown that thermal
leptogenesis {\it can} work when GeV. The low-energy
observable consequences of this scenario are . For higher , thermal leptogenesis works in a
larger area of parameter space, whose observable consequences are more
ambiguous. A parametrisation of the seesaw in terms of weak-scale inputs is
used, so the results are independent of the texture chosen for the GUT-scale
Yukawa matrices.Comment: a few references adde
The NuTeV Anomaly, Neutrino Mixing, and a Heavy Higgs Boson
Recent results from the NuTeV experiment at Fermilab and the deviation of the
Z invisible width, measured at LEP/SLC, from its Standard Model (SM) prediction
suggest the suppression of neutrino-Z couplings. Such suppressions occur
naturally in models which mix the neutrinos with heavy gauge singlet states. We
postulate a universal suppression of the Z-nu-nu couplings by a factor of
(1-epsilon) and perform a fit to the Z-pole and NuTeV observables with epsilon
and the oblique correction parameters S and T. Compared to a fit with S and T
only, inclusion of epsilon leads to a dramatic improvement in the quality of
the fit. The values of S and T preferred by the fit can be obtained within the
SM by a simple increase in the Higgs boson mass. However, if the W mass is also
included in the fit, a non-zero U parameter becomes necessary which cannot be
supplied within the SM. The preferred value of epsilon suggests that the seesaw
mechanism may not be the reason why neutrinos are so light.Comment: 19 pages, REVTeX4, 8 postscript figures. Updated references. Typos
correcte
Probing the seesaw mechanism with neutrino data and leptogenesis
In the framework of the seesaw mechanism with three heavy right-handed
Majorana neutrinos and no Higgs triplets we carry out a systematic study of the
structure of the right-handed neutrino sector. Using the current low-energy
neutrino data as an input and assuming hierarchical Dirac-type neutrino masses
, we calculate the masses and the mixing of the heavy neutrinos.
We confront the inferred properties of these neutrinos with the constraints
coming from the requirement of a successful baryogenesis via leptogenesis. In
the generic case the masses of the right-handed neutrinos are highly
hierarchical: ; the lightest mass is GeV and the generated baryon-to-photon ratio is
much smaller than the observed value. We find the special cases which
correspond to the level crossing points, with maximal mixing between two
quasi-degenerate right-handed neutrinos. Two level crossing conditions are
obtained: (1-2 crossing) and (2-3
crossing), where and are respectively the 11-entry and the
12-subdeterminant of the light neutrino mass matrix in the basis where the
neutrino Yukawa couplings are diagonal. We show that sufficient lepton
asymmetry can be produced only in the 1-2 crossing where GeV, GeV and .Comment: 30 pages, 2 eps figures, JHEP3.cls, typos corrected, note (and
references) added on non-thermal leptogenesi
Thermal leptogenesis in a model with mass varying neutrinos
In this paper we consider the possibility of neutrino mass varying during the
evolution of the Universe and study its implications on leptogenesis.
Specifically, we take the minimal seesaw model of neutrino masses and introduce
a coupling between the right-handed neutrinos and the dark energy scalar field,
the Quintessence. In our model, the right-handed neutrino masses change as the
Quintessence scalar evolves. We then examine in detail the parameter space of
this model allowed by the observed baryon number asymmetry. Our results show
that it is possible to lower the reheating temperature in this scenario in
comparison with the case that the neutrino masses are unchanged, which helps
solve the gravitino problem. Furthermore, a degenerate neutrino mass patten
with larger than the upper limit given in the minimal leptogenesis
scenario is permitted.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, version to appear in PR
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