An investigation on Vibrionaceae family of bacteria as probiotic factors in shrimp culture

We investigated the effects of Vibrionaceae family of bacteria as probiotics in the process of growth and survival rate of shrimp during propagation stages. Bacterial flora were extracted from seawater, culture farms, shrimp culture farms and sludge of private propagation farms. Different bacteria such as Vibrio alginolyticus (serotype 1-4), Vibrio splendidus I, Vibrio fluvialis II, Vibrio anguillarum I, Vibrio costicul, Vibrio vulnificaus, Vibrio nereis, Vibrio camplbelli, Vibrio natriegens, Vibrio proteolyticus, Vibrio plegius II ,Vibrio fischeri, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas schuberti, Aeromonas salmonisida, Aeromonas veronii were isolated, identified and lyophilized. These bacteria were used in different experiments on shrimp life cycle stages while the shrimps were being fed on live food such as Chaetoceros, Skeletonema and Tetraselmis algae. Vibrio alginolyticus (serotype 1) with 107 cells/ml increased proliferation of Tetraselmis sp to 71 % in 6 days compared to the control experiment. Also Vibrio alginolyticus (serotype 4) with 105 cells/in' increased Tetraselmis sp. production to 389% in 6 days compared to control. Vibrio splendidus I was also found to be able to increase shrimp fork length in postlarvae stage 3 up to 23% as compared to control. Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio fischeri increased survival, fork lenght and body weight of green tiger shrimp in postlarvae stage significantly (P<0.05)

Радиационно-химический синтез перфторированной полимерной мембраны с сульфокислотными группами

В результаті радіаційно-індукованої прищепної сополімеризації з водних розчинів двох мономерів — акрилової кислоти і натрієвої солі стиролсульфонату — на полімерну плівку з фторованого пропілену-етилену синтезована протонобмінна мембрана з сульфокислотними групами. Розглянуті основні експериментальні параметри, що впливають на процес прищепної сополімеризації.Sulfonic acid proton exchange membranes based on a poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) film are synthesized through the graft copolymerization of sodium styrenesulfonate and acrylic acid monomers from binary monomer aqueous solutions. The effects of the main polymerization parameters on the degree of grafting are studied

Quasi one dimensional 4^4He inside carbon nanotubes

We report results of diffusion Monte Carlo calculations for both $^4$He absorbed in a narrow single walled carbon nanotube (R = 3.42 \AA) and strictly one dimensional $^4$He. Inside the tube, the binding energy of liquid $^4$He is approximately three times larger than on planar graphite. At low linear densities, $^4$He in a nanotube is an experimental realization of a one-dimensional quantum fluid. However, when the density increases the structural and energetic properties of both systems differ. At high density, a quasi-continuous liquid-solid phase transition is observed in both cases.Comment: 11 pages, 3ps figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B (RC

Complete rectal prolapse in adults: a Tanzanian experience

A CAJM article on rectal prolapse in adults as diagnosed in Tanzania.This is a retrospective report of nine patients with complete rectal prolapse managed by the authors at the Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar es Salaam between 1990 and 1993. The average age of patients was 36 years and eight of the patients were males. Six of the patients presented as emergency admissions of whom three had irreducibility and required perineal proctosigmoidectomy. This was the procedure of choice for irreducible complete rectal prolapse

Surgical wound infection in clean-contaminated and contaminated laparotomy wounds at Muhimbili National Hospital

Background: Surgical wound (site) infection is the commonest complication following laparotomy for clean-contaminated and contaminated abdominal operations. Good surgical technique and perioperative prophylactic antibiotics in clean-contaminated and contaminated abdominal operations contribute to the low rate of surgical wound infection and its complications. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and complications of surgical wound infection following laparotomy for clean-contaminated and contaminated abdominal operations at Muhimbili National Hospital.Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study done over a period of nine months from January 2001. The study population included patients assessed to have clean-contaminated and contaminated laparotomy woundsResults: The study revealed that surgical wound infection was the commonest complication accounting for 15.6%. Other complications include mortality rate of 8.9% and wound dehiscence (1.1%).Conclusion: It was concluded that another study is required in order to determine the cost of surgical wound infection in this hospital that is in transition towards cost-sharing and health management reform. Also, a long follow up study is required to determine the prevalence of incisional hernia in these wounds

Lipid Anti-Lipid Antibody Responses Correlate with Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

10.1371/journal.pone.0055639PLoS ONE82

EFFECT OF PERMEABLE VESSEL CLOSURE AND GELLING AGENT ON REDUCTION OF HYPERHYDRICITY IN IN VITRO CULTURE OF CARNATION

Hyperhydricity, an abnormal morphological appearance and physiological&lt;br /&gt;function, is an important problem in carnation tissue culture. The problem causes premature flowering, high occurrence of abnormal shoots, difficulty in transferring hyperhydric plantlets to soil, and low survival rate of plantlets. High relative humidity and the water potential are considered as the key factors involved in the abnormality. Furthermore, permeable culture vessel and gelling agent were assured to be high potential treatment to eliminate it. Objective of this research was to reduce  hyperhydricity in regenerants of carnation using different permeable vessel closures and gelling agents and to assess the multiplication and  acclimatization abilities of recovered shoots. Experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with four replications. First factor was different types of closure, i.e. cotton wool, plastic wrap, parafilm and aluminium foil, while second one was gelling agents, i.e. bacto agar, phytagel, swallow agar, and Type 900 agar. The recovered shoots were then multiplied, rooted, and acclimatized. The results showed that hyperhydricity was successfully reduced by applying permeable closure (cotton wool and plastic wrap) in combination with Type 900 agar. The combination of plastic wrap and Type 900 agar was the most appropriate treatment in reducing hyperhydricity and producing good quality shoots. The treatment reduced the problem down to 23% of total condition of hyperhydricity (100%) and increased leaf chlorophyll content from 0.0883 to 0.1288 mg mg-1. The plastic wrap was easily applied and cheaper material compared to cotton wool. The recovered shoots were able to produce 1-3 healthy axillary shoots and easily rooted on half-strength MS. The recovered plantlets were simply acclimatized with survival rate up to 100% on kossas peat + soil (1:1, v/v) and flowered 4-5 months after acclimatization with decreasing in number and size of flower.</jats:p

EFFECT OF PERMEABLE VESSEL CLOSURE AND GELLING AGENT ON REDUCTION OF HYPERHYDRICITY IN IN VITRO CULTURE OF CARNATION

Hyperhydricity, an abnormal morphological appearance and physiologicalfunction, is an important problem in carnation tissue culture. The problem causes premature flowering, high occurrence of abnormal shoots, difficulty in transferring hyperhydric plantlets to soil, and low survival rate of plantlets. High relative humidity and the water potential are considered as the key factors involved in the abnormality. Furthermore, permeable culture vessel and gelling agent were assured to be high potential treatment to eliminate it. Objective of this research was to reduce  hyperhydricity in regenerants of carnation using different permeable vessel closures and gelling agents and to assess the multiplication and  acclimatization abilities of recovered shoots. Experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with four replications. First factor was different types of closure, i.e. cotton wool, plastic wrap, parafilm and aluminium foil, while second one was gelling agents, i.e. bacto agar, phytagel, swallow agar, and Type 900 agar. The recovered shoots were then multiplied, rooted, and acclimatized. The results showed that hyperhydricity was successfully reduced by applying permeable closure (cotton wool and plastic wrap) in combination with Type 900 agar. The combination of plastic wrap and Type 900 agar was the most appropriate treatment in reducing hyperhydricity and producing good quality shoots. The treatment reduced the problem down to 23% of total condition of hyperhydricity (100%) and increased leaf chlorophyll content from 0.0883 to 0.1288 mg mg-1. The plastic wrap was easily applied and cheaper material compared to cotton wool. The recovered shoots were able to produce 1-3 healthy axillary shoots and easily rooted on half-strength MS. The recovered plantlets were simply acclimatized with survival rate up to 100% on kossas peat + soil (1:1, v/v) and flowered 4-5 months after acclimatization with decreasing in number and size of flower

Circuit Modeling of Defected Waveguide Structure

Recently, waveguide has been applied widely in antenna and filter applications. Among these applications, substrate integrated waveguide has been implemented mostly in millimeter wave systems due to its compact and low loss approach. However, the configuration of waveguide itself receives less attention. Thus, the study of defected waveguide structure (DWS) is presented. The copper and DWS waveguide were designed in CST Microwave software. The basic geometry of square was used and then different types of connecting strips were added on in between the strips. Simulated reflection coefficient (S11) and transmission coefficient (S21) results were then modeled by equivalent circuit design. The circuit was constructed in Advanced Design System (ADS). Copper waveguide performed high pass at frequency more than cut off frequency of 2.76GHz. The square DWS with gap separation and square DWS with horizontal connecting strips showed pass band around 4GHz-8GHz. The square DWS with vertical connecting strips and square DWS with both horizontal and vertical connecting strips created band stop around 3GHz-9GHz

Experimental Study on Chemical Mechanical Planarization Process by Manufacturing Automated System

Chemical Mechanical Planarization (CMP) process is one of the critical processes in semiconductor manufacturing. Since in typical semiconductor fab running with high volume and mixed products, good CMP process is required. The process is about planarization. In order to achieve a uniform planar surface, the process control is applied through Integrated Metrology or in this case it is Integrated Thickness Monitoring (ITM) system. ITM simplifies the process control by integrating process and measurement activities in one step. ITM provides feedback on wafer to wafer processing through metrology equipment co-existence in the process equipment. Nevertheless, there is limitation to integrated metrology features, such as recipe matching on individual equipment. In manufacturing facilities, alternative is required to overcome this. Hence, manufacturing automated system capability is extended through Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) system as an alternative to the ITM system, which is called Automated Planarization System (APS). The effectiveness of the alternative system is validated through an experiment.  Experiment is done with APS and ITM setup to process similar quantity of wafers. The objective is to observe the process output between the two setups