12 research outputs found

    Allan Sandage and the Cosmic Expansion

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    This is an account of Allan Sandage's work on (1) The character of the expansion field. For many years he has been the strongest defender of an expanding Universe. He later explained the CMB dipole by a local velocity of 220 +/- 50 km/s toward the Virgo cluster and by a bulk motion of the Local supercluster (extending out to ~3500 km/s) of 450-500 km/s toward an apex at l=275, b=12. Allowing for these streaming velocities he found linear expansion to hold down to local scales (~300 km/s). (2) The calibration of the Hubble constant. Probing different methods he finally adopted - from Cepheid-calibrated SNe Ia and from independent RR Lyr-calibrated TRGBs - H_0 = 62.3 +/- 1.3 +/- 5.0 km/s/Mpc.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, Submitted to Astrophysics and Space Science, Special Issue on the Fundamental Cosmic Distance Scale in the Gaia Er

    Soja integral processada (fermentada e extrusada) e farelo de soja em substituição ao leite em pó em dieta de leitões desmamados aos 14 dias de idade Whole processed (fermented and extruded) soybean and soybean meal in replacement of dried milk in diet of piglets weaned at 14 days of age

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    O experimento foi realizado para avaliar o efeito da utilização de soja integral fermentada (SIF), soja integral extrusada (SIE) e farelo de soja (FS), em substituição ao leite em pó (LP) da dieta, sobre desempenho e alterações morfológicas do sistema digestivo de leitões dos 14 aos 35 dias e dos 14 aos 56 dias e o seu efeito residual dos 36 aos 56 dias de idade. Foram utilizados 96 leitões machos, mestiços (Landrace x Large White), desmamados aos 14 dias de idade, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos, quatro repetições e seis animais por unidade experimental. A fonte de proteína influenciou o desempenho dos leitões dos 14 aos 35 e dos 14 aos 56 dias de idade. Os animais que receberam dieta com LP apresentaram maior ganho de peso nas três primeiras semanas após o desmame e no período total. No entanto, no período de 36 aos 56 dias, não se observou influência dos tratamentos sobre o desempenho dos animais. Verificou-se efeito da fonte de proteína na altura de vilosidade (AV), na relação vilosidade: cripta dos leitões abatidos aos 21 dias de idade e na AV dos animais abatidos com 35 dias de idade. Os animais que receberam dieta com LP apresentaram maior AV que os dos demais tratamentos. Concluiu-se que o LP pode ser substituído pela SIE e pelo FS nas dietas de leitões desmamados aos 14 dias de idade e os altos níveis de fatores antitripsina na SIF comprometeram os resultados.<br>The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of the use of whole fermented soybean (WFS), whole extruded soybean (WES) and soybean meal (SBM) in replacement to the dried milk (MD) of the diet on the performance, feed intake and morphological alterations on the digestive system of piglets from 14 to 35 day and from 14 to 56 days, and its residual effects from 36 to 56 days of age. Ninety-six crossbreed (Landrace x Large White) piglets weaned at 14 days of age were allotted to a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments, four replicates and six animals per experimental unit. The protein source affected the piglets performance from 14 to 35 days and from 14 to 56 days of ages. The piglets that were fed MD based diet showed better weight gain on the first three weeks after weaning and on the total period. However, from 36 to 56 days of age it was not observed the influence of the treatments on the piglets performance. It was observed effect of protein source on villus height (VH) and villus: cripta ratio of pigs slaughtered at 21 days of age, and on the VH of the piglets slaughtered at 35 days of age; pigs fed MD based diets showed higher VH than other treatments. Whole extrude soybean and SBM can replace the MD in diets of piglets weaned at 14 days of age and that the high level of anti-trypsin factors in the WFS compromised the results

    Supernovae and Gaia

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